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Exploring the modulatory role of bovine lactoferrin on the microbiome and the immune response in healthy and Shiga toxin‑producing *** challenged weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1278-1291页

作者： matthias dierick Ruben Ongena Daisy Vanrompay Bert Devriendt Eric Cox Laboratory of Immunology Department of Translational PhysiologyInfectiology and Public HealthFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure links 6539000 GhentBelgium

Background Post-weaned piglets suffer from F18+Escherichia coli(***)infections resulting in post-weaning diar-rhoea or oedema *** used management strategies,including colistin and zinc oxide,have contrib-uted to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial *** antimicrobials capable of directly interacting with pathogens and modulating the host immune responses are being *** has shown promising results against porcine enterotoxigenic *** strains,both in vitro and in *** We investigated the influence of bovine lactoferrin(bLF)on the microbiome of healthy and infected weaned ***,we assessed whether bLF influenced the immune responses upon Shiga toxin-producing ***(STEC)***,2 in vivo trials were conducted:a microbiome trial and a challenge infection trial,using an F18+STEC *** did not affect theα-andβ-***,bLF groups showed a higher relative abundance(RA)for the Actinobacteria phylum and the Bifidobacterium genus in the ileal *** analysing the immune response upon infection,the STEC group exhibited a significant increase in F18-specific IgG serum levels,whereas this response was absent in the bLF *** Taken together,the oral administration of bLF did not have a notable impact on theα-andβ-diversity of the gut microbiome in weaned ***,it did increase the RA of the Actinobacteria phylum and Bifi-dobacterium genus,which have previously been shown to play an important role in maintaining gut ***,bLF administration during STEC infection resulted in the absence of F18-specific serum IgG responses.

关键词： E.coli Immune modulation Lactoferrin Microbiome

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Pressure and temperature effects resulting from impact onto materials of different reactivity

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 221-230页

作者： Andreas Heine matthias Wickert Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-InstitutEMIErnst-Zermelo-Str.4Freiburg im Breisgau79104Germany

The pressure and temperature increase resulting from the impact of different threats onto target materials is analyzed with a unified laboratory-scale *** allows deriving qualitative information on the occurring phenomenology as well as quantitative statements about the relative effects sizes as a function of target material and *** considered target materials are steel,aluminum,and *** threats,kinetic energy penetrator,explosively formed projectile,and shaped charge jet are *** the investigated combinations,the measured overpressures vary by a factor of up to 5 for a variation of the material,by a factor of up to 7 for a variation of the threat,and by a factor larger than 15for a simultaneous variation of *** obtained results as well as the experimental approach are relevant for the basic understanding of impact effects and risks due to material *** paper combines two main ***,to provide a summary of own prior work in a coherent journal article and,secondly,to review and discuss these earlier results with a new perspective.

关键词： Impact effects Pressure Temperature Risk assessment Material reactivity

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Small extrachromosomal circular DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： Marcos J.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska matthias Schwab Alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque Foundation for Science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of Neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 Motor Neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALS),most cases are considered sporadic(sALS).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis

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Adnexal Sliding Hernia in an Infant: Clinical-Anatomical Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2025年第1期15卷 93-100页

作者： Ralf-Bodo Tröbs Grigore Cernaianu matthias Nissen Department of General Visceral and Pediatric Surgery St. Vincenz Hopitals Paderborn Germany Division of Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Cologne Cologne Germany Department of Pediatric Surgery St. Maries Hospital Witten Ruhr-University of Bochum Sankt Elisabeth Gruppe Germany

We present a case report of laparoscopic herniorrhaphy in an infant with ovarian prolapse. Using this case study, we demonstrate the role of the ovarian ligamentous apparatus. A structure appearing like the male gubernaculum was identified. The anatomical and functional role of this “gubernaculum” will be the subject of discussion. Further detailed laparoscopic examinations are indicated to better understand the ligamentous anatomy of ovarian prolapse.

关键词： Inguinal Hernia Ovarian Prolapse Ovarian Descensus Sliding Hernia Gubernaculum

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A Critical Review of Methods and Challenges in Large Language Models

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 1681-1698页

作者： Milad Moradi Ke Yan David Colwell matthias Samwald Rhona Asgari AI Research TricentisVienna1220Austria AI Research TricentisSydneyNSW 2010Australia Institute of Artificial Intelligence Center for Medical StatisticsInformaticsand Intelligent SystemsMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria

This critical review provides an in-depth analysis of Large Language Models(LLMs),encompassing their foundational principles,diverse applications,and advanced training *** critically examine the evolution from Recurrent Neural Networks(RNNs)to Transformer models,highlighting the significant advancements and innovations in LLM *** review explores state-of-the-art techniques such as in-context learning and various fine-tuning approaches,with an emphasis on optimizing parameter *** also discuss methods for aligning LLMs with human preferences,including reinforcement learning frameworks and human feedback *** emerging technique of retrieval-augmented generation,which integrates external knowledge into LLMs,is also ***,we address the ethical considerations of deploying LLMs,stressing the importance of responsible and mindful *** identifying current gaps and suggesting future research directions,this review provides a comprehensive and critical overview of the present state and potential advancements in *** work serves as an insightful guide for researchers and practitioners in artificial intelligence,offering a unified perspective on the strengths,limitations,and future prospects of LLMs.

关键词： Large language models artificial intelligence natural language processing machine learning generative artificial intelligence

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Search for 2D Ferromagnets:Molecular Beam Epitaxy is a Critical Tool

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第8期37卷 1-2页

作者： matthias Batzill Affiliations Department of Physics University of South FloridaTampaFL 33620USA

Van der Waals materials with ferromagnetic properties have attracted recent interest because of their promise to enable combination of materials with atomically sharp interfaces,facilitating spin transport and spin in... 详细信息

关键词： Epitaxy enable Tool

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The Glacial(MIS 3-2)Outlet Glacier of the Marsyandi Nadi-icestream-network with its Ngadi Khola Tributary Glacier(Manaslu-and Lamjung Himalaya):The Reconstructed Lowering of the Marsyandi Nadi Ice Stream Tongue down in to the Southern Himalaya Foreland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 236-287页

作者： matthias KUHLE Department of Geography and High Mountain Geomorphology University of Gottingen

For the reconstruction of past climate variations,investigations on the history of glaciers are *** the Himalaya,investigations like these have a rather short tradition in comparison with other mountains on *** the same time,this area on the southern margin of Tibet is of special interest because of the question as to the monsoon-influence that is connected with the ***,the climate of High Asia is of global *** for the further and regionally intensifying answer to this question,a glacial glacier reconstruction is submitted from the CentralHimalaya,more exactly from the *** on down-valley from the glacial-historical investigations of 1977 in the upper Marsyandi Khola(Nadi) and the partly already published results of field campaigns in the middle Marsyandi Khola and the Damodar- and Manaslu Himal in the years 1995,2000,2004 and 2007,new geomorphological and geological field- and laboratory data are introduced here from the Ngadi(Nadi) Khola and the lower Marsyandi Nadi from the inflow of the Ngadi(Nadi) Khola down to the southern mountain *** has existed a connected ice-stream-network drained down to the south by a 2,100-2,200 m thick and 120 km long Marsyandi Nadi main valley *** a height of the valley bottom of c.1,000 m *** Ngadi Khola glacier joined the still c.1,300 m thick Marsyandi parent glacier from the Himalchuli-massif(Nadi(Ngadi) Chuli) – the south spur of the Manaslu *** here the united glacier tongue flowed down about a further 44 km to the south up to c.400 m a.s.l.(27°57'38 "N/84°24'56" E) into the Himalaya fore-chains and thus reached one of or the lowest past ice margin position of the *** glacial(LGP(Last glacial period),LGM(Last glacial maximum) Würm,Stage 0,MIS 3-2) climatic snowline(ELA = equilibrium line altitude) has run at 3,900 to 4,000 m *** thus c.1,500 altitude meters below the current ELA(Stage XII) at 5,400-5,500 m *** r

关键词： Ice Age Glaciation Himalaya Manaslu Ngadi Khola Icestream network Last Glacial period

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A Certifiable Framework for Health Monitoring and Management

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2017年第3期34卷 229-246页

作者： matthias Buderath Airbus Defence and Space Willy-Messerschmitt-Strasse

The scope of this paper is to provide an E2 Eperspective of health monitoring and management(HMM)and structural health mornitoring(SHM)as an integrated system element of an integrated system health monitoring and management(ISHM)*** paper will address two main topics:(1)The importance of a diagnostics and prognostic requirements specification to develop an innovative health monitoring and management system;(2)The certification of a health monitoring and management system aiming at a maintenance credit as an integral part of the maintenance *** development of a maintenance program which is based on combinations of different types of strategies(preventive,condition-based maintenance(CBM)and corrective maintenance…)for different subsystems or components and structures of complex systems like an aircraft to achieve the most optimized solution in terms of availability,cost and safety/certification is a real *** maintenance strategy must satisfy the technical-risk and cost feasibility of the maintenance program.

关键词： maintenance certification aircraft innovative diagnostics specification satisfy aiming prognostic challenge

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High-order discontinuous Galerkin method for applications to multicomponent and chemically reacting flows

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第3期33卷 486-499页

作者： Yu Lv matthias Ihme Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University

This article focuses on the development of a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for simulations of multicomponent and chemically reacting flows. Compared to aerodynamic flow applications, in which DG methods have been successfully employed, DG simulations of chemically reacting flows introduce challenges that arise from flow unsteadiness, combustion, heat release, compressibility effects, shocks, and variations in thermodynamic properties. To address these challenges, algorithms are developed, including an entropy-bounded DG method, an entropy-residual shock indicator, and a new formulation of artificial viscosity. The performance and capabilities of the resulting DG method are demonstrated in several relevant applications, including shock/bubble interaction, turbulent combustion, and detonation. It is concluded that the developed DG method shows promising performance in application to multicomponent reacting flows. The paper concludes with a discussion of further research needs to enable the application of DG methods to more complex reacting flows.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin method High-order schemes Reacting flows Multicomponent flows

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Quantifying the effect of persistent dryer climates on forest productivity and implications for forest planning:a case study in northern Germany

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 451-471页

作者： matthias Albert Ralf-Volker Nagel Johannes Sutmoller matthias Schmidt Department of Forest Growth Northwest German Forest Research Institute GottingenGermany Department of Environmental Control Northwest German Forest Research InstituteGottingenGermany.

Background: Forest management decisions are based on expectations of future developments. For sound decisions it is essential to accurately predict the expected values in future developments and to account for their inherent uncertainty,for example the impact of climate change on forests. Changing climatic conditions affect forest productivity and alter the risk profile of forests and forest enterprises. Intensifying drought stress is seen as one major risk factor threatening forest management in the north German lowlands. Drought stress reduces tree growth and vitality and might even trigger mortality. But so far, it is not possible to quantify effects of a persistent dryer climate on forest productivity at a level suitable for forest ***: We apply a well-established single-tree forest growth simulator to quantify the effect of persistent dryer climates on future forest productivity. We analyse the growth of Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.), European beech(Fagus sylvatico L.) and oak(Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea(Matt.) Liebl.) in two forest regions in the north German lowlands for a time interval of 60 years until 2070. The growth response under three different climate projections is compared to a baseline ***: The results show clear differences in volume increment to persistent dryer climates between tree species. The findings exhibit regional differences and temporal trends. While mean annual increment at biological rotation age of Scots pine and oak predominantly benefits from the projected climate conditions until 2070, beech might suffer losses of up to 3 m^3·ha^(-1)yr^(-1) depending on climate scenario and region. However, in the projection period2051 to 2070 the uncertainty ranges comprise positive as well as negative climatic effects for all ***: The projected changes in forest growth serve as quantitative contributions to provide decision support in the evaluation of, for example, species future site suita

关键词： Climate change Forest growth Forest productivity Persistent dryer climate simulation study Uncertainty

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