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Mechanisms of Organelle Inheritance in Dividing Plant Cells

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1208-1218页

作者： Michael B Sheahan Ray J rose David W McCurdy School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of NewcastleCallaghan NSW 2308Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Legume ResearchSchool of Environmental and Life SciencesThe University of NewcastleCallaghan NSW 2308Australia School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of NewcastleCallaghan NSW 2308Australia

Organelles form essential compartments of all eukaryotic cells. Mechanisms that ensure the unbiased inheritance of organelles during cell division are therefore necessary to maintain the viability of future cell generations. Although inheritance of organelles represents a fundamental component of the cell cycle, surprisingly little is known about the underlying mechanisms that facilitate unbiased organelle inheritance. Evidence from a select number of studies, however, indicates that ordered organelle inheritance strategies exist in dividing cells of higher plants. The basic requirement for unbiased organelle inheritance is the duplication of organelle volume and distribution of the resulting organelle populations in a manner that facilitates unbiased partitioning of the organelle population to each daughter cell. Often, partitioning strategies are specific to the organelle, being influenced by the functional requirements of the organelle and whether the cells are mitotically active or re-entering into the cell cycle. Organelle partitioning mechanisms frequently depend on interactions with either the actin or microtubule cytoskeleton. In this focused review, we attempt to summarize key findings regarding organelle partitioning strategies in dividing cells of higher plants. We particularly concentrate on the role of the cytoskeleton in mediating unbiased organelle partitioning.

关键词： Actin cytoskeleton cell division green fluorescent protein-fimbrin ABD2 organelle partitioning protoplast

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Difficult Conversations and Painful Decisions: When Should Patients with Progressive Cancer Stop Chemotherapy?

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2022年第1期13卷 20-47页

作者： Jeanine Staples Varvara Mazina Bethany-rose Daubman Annekathryn Goodman Sibley Memorial Hospital Johns Hopkins Medicine Sibley Center for Gynecologic Oncology and Advanced Pelvic Surgery ashington USA Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Division of Gynecologic Oncology Boston USA Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Division of Palliative Care and Geriatric Medicine Boston USA

Introduction: The decision to stop anti-cancer treatment is fraught with many challenges for the oncologist, the patient, and their caregivers. This review examines the special considerations surrounding the decision to cease chemotherapy in terminally ill cancer patient. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to find relevant publications on chemotherapy cessation. A total of 2700 records were retrieved and 141 were identified as eligible for inclusion in this review. Results: Palliative chemotherapy does not achieve the goal of tumor-related symptom reduction for patients who have experienced progressive disease with more than two prior lines of chemotherapy. ECOG performance status is a crucial predictor of response to therapy and chemotherapy-related complications. Challenges to stopping chemotherapy at the end of life are multifactorial and are both patient and physician-driven. Racial, ethnic, and income-based disparities are seen in the timing and quality of end-of-life conversations offered by physicians to their patients. Conclusions: The decision to cease chemotherapy is one that should be approached with careful consideration and accurate information. Clear communication, compassion and empathy are important components to the therapeutic relationship. Early involvement of palliative care and clear conversations about prognosis and the expected utility of further chemotherapy is essential to conduct the best possible care for cancer patients at the end of life.

关键词： Chemotherapy Chemotherapy Resistance Chemotherapy Cessation Palliative Chemotherapy Recurrent Cancer and Prognosis Best Supportive Care Medical Futility End-of-Life

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Cardiac risk factors limiting survival to liver transplantation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第7期14卷 1398-1407页

作者： Michael Delicce Joseph Mauch Abel Joseph Ruishen Lyu Heather Kren rose Bartow Donna Ferchill Maan Fares Jamile Wakim-Fleming Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Liver Transplantation Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)describes the hepatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome,which is estimated to affect 25%of adults,and currently represents the second most common indication for liver transplant in the United *** have shown that patients with NAFLD are at an increased risk for heart failure,arrhythmia,and coronary artery disease(CAD),which may impact outcomes of liver ***,it remains unclear whether the presence of cardiac disease affects survival prior to liver *** so,this would represent an important opportunity to optimize cardiac status and improve outcomes before liver *** To identify cardiac factors that impact survival to liver transplantation in patients with NAFLD and on the transplant *** The aim of this study was to identify cardiac risk factors that limit survival to transplant in patients with *** performed a retrospective analysis of patients with NAFLD listed for liver transplant at a tertiary academic medical center in the United States from January 2015 to January 2021,identified through United Network of Organ Sharing *** criteria included a concurrent etiology of liver disease and removal from the transplant list due to chemical dependency,lack of social support,improvement in liver disease,or being lost to *** manually reviewed patient charts including electrocardiogram,echocardiogram,and cardiac catheterization reports as well as physician notes to identify cardiac disease states(i.e.,heart failure,arrhythmia,valvular disease and CAD)and other related *** performed a survival analysis by Cox proportional hazards regression model to analyze the association between cardiac factors at the time listed for transplant and death or clinical deterioration prior to *** Between January 2015 and January 2021,265 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were listed for liver transplant at our instituti

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Liver transplant Cardiovascular disease Pre-transplant outcomes Coronary artery disease Risk factors

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Vitamin d deficiency and metabolic syndrome:The joint effect on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the United States adults

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第7期14卷 411-426页

作者： Longjian Liu Saishi Cui Stella L Volpe Nathalie S May Deeptha Sukumar rose Ann DiMaria-Ghalili Howard J Eisen Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Dornsife School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Department of Human Nutrition Foodsand ExerciseVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061United States Department of Medicine College of MedicineDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19102United States Department of Nutrition Sciences College of Nursing and Health ProfessionsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19102United States Department of Graduate Nursing College of Nursing and Health ProfessionsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19102United States Division of Cardiology Heart and Vascular InstitutePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033United States

BACKGROUND The long-term impact of vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome(MetS)on cardiovascular disease(CVD)and all-cause mortality are still a matter of *** To test the hypotheses that lower serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]concentrations(a marker of vitamin D level)and MetS have a long-term impact on the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality,and individuals with vitamin D deficiency can be identified by multiple *** A sample of 9094 adults,20 to 90 years of age,who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES III,1988 to 1994)were followed through December 2015 was *** associations of serum 25(OH)D concentrations and MetS with CVD and all-cause mortality were analyzed longitudinally using Cox regression *** and regression tree(CART)for machine learning was applied to classify individuals with vitamin D *** Of 9094 participants,30%had serum 25(OH)D concentrations<20 ng/mL(defined as vitamin D deficiency),39%had serum 25(OH)D concentrations between 20 to 29 ng/mL(insufficiency),and 31%had serum 25(OH)D concentrations≥30 ng/mL(sufficiency).Prevalence of MetS was 28.4%.During a mean of 18 years follow-up,vitamin D deficiency and MetS were significantly associated with increased risk of CVD and all-cause *** with both vitamin D deficiency and MetS had the highest risk of CVD mortality(HR=1.77,95%CI:1.22-2.58)and all-cause mortality(HR=1.62,95%CI:1.26-2.09),followed by those with both vitamin D insufficiency and MetS for CVD mortality(HR=1.59,95%CI:1.12-2.24),and all-cause mortality(HR=1.41,95%CI:1.08-1.85).Meanwhile,vitamin D sufficiency significantly decreased the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality for those who even had *** the total study sample,CART analysis suggests that being non-Hispanic Black,having lower serum folate level,and being female were the first three predictors for those with serum 25(OH)D *** Vitamin D defic

关键词： Joint effect Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentration Metabolic syndrome Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality Cox model and machine learning

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Aesthetic reconstruction of the severely disfigured burned face:a creative strategy for a"natural"appearance using pre-patterned autogenous free flaps

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Burns & Trauma 2015年第2期3卷 66-73页

作者： Elliott H.rose Division of Plastic&Reconstructive Surgery The Mount Sinai Medical Center895 Park AvenueNew YorkNY 10075USA

The author reviews his pioneering work in aesthetic restoration of the severely disfigured burn face first introduced in 1995 and refined over the past two decades. The reader will be exposed to the step by step approach to achieving cosmetic enhancement and functional rehabilitation of advanced facial burns. The"keystone"of the autogenous reconstruction is the pre-patterned, sculpted microvascular free flap designed to fit like the"piece of a puzzle"into the aesthetic units of the face to replace disfiguring burn scars. Aggressive intraoperative"sculpting"is employed both"in situ"at the donor site and during the flap transfer to simulate the normal facial contours and planes. Comparisons of the author's approach are made to the whole spectrum of reconstructive modalities ranging from conventional grafting to expanded pre-fabricated flaps and even to CTA face transplants;advantages/disadvantages of each are discussed. The pre-patterned, sculpted microvascular (MV) free flap offers the benefit of a single-stage transfer of composite skin/soft tissue hiding the seams at the junction of facial planes. When harvested from distant donor sites, the donor deformities can easily be concealed. The MV free tissue transfer offers the substrate that can be sculpted into nuanced facial components as well as the"palette"upon which the face can be painted with creative camouflage makeup. The soft contour and texture of the autogenous patterned transfers translates into a"natural"facial appearance while preserving fluid motions of facial expression.

关键词： Facial burns Facial reconstruction Autogenous reconstruction Microvascular free flaps Burn reconstruction Pre-patterned flaps Scapular flaps Pedicled forehead flaps Radial forearm flap Fascia lata slings Temporoparietal flaps

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Two Types of Liquid Phase Separation Induced by Soft Centrifugation in Aqueous Ethyl Acetate Using Ethanol as Cosolvent

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Research 2023年第3期6卷 451-460页

作者： Helmut Cölfen rose rosenberg Dirk Haffke Simon Stemplinger Thomas Zemb Dominik Horinek Physical Chemistry Department of ChemistryUniversity of KonstanzUniversitätsstr.10D-78457 KonstanzGermany Institute for Separation Chemistry ICSM U Montpellier/CEA/CNRS/ENSCM MarcouleFrance Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry University of RegensburgD-93040 RegensburgGermany

Water/ethyl acetate/ethanol is widely used as a“green”extractant *** show that 2 different types of phase separation can be induced upon centrifugation in this ternary system using ethanol as a cosolvent of water and ethyl acetate:centrifuge-induced criticality and centrifuge-induced *** expected composition profiles of samples after centrifugation can be represented by bent lines in a ternary phase diagram when gravitational energy is added to the free energy of *** experimental equilibrium composition profiles behave qualitatively as expected and can be predicted using a phenomenological theory of *** concentration gradients are small except near the critical point,as expected for small ***,they are usable when accompanied by temperature *** findings open new possibilities of centrifugal separation,even if control is delicate during temperature *** schemes are accessible even at relatively low centrifugation speed for molecules that float and sediment with apparent molar masses several hundred times larger than the molecular mass.

关键词： separation ternary apparent

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Impact of building regulations on the perceived outdoor thermal comfort in the mixed-use neighbourhood of Chennai

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第1期10卷 148-163页

作者： Ebin Horrison Salal Rajan Lilly rose Amirtham Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology ChennaiIndia School of Planning and Architecture VijayawadaAndhra PradeshIndia

The population in urban areas is increasing rapidly around the world in most of the *** India,this growth has forced the local governments to review the planning norms regularly with the main focus of making an affordable urban *** resulted in increasing the built density without evaluating the effect of such developments on human thermal *** microclimate is one of the significant factors that determine the quality of out-door *** study investigates the potential impact of the built geometry guided by the newly published development control rules of Chennai,India on the various parameters that influence *** existing and future scenario has been modelled for three locations in a typical mixed-use neighborhood of ***,air temperature and relative humid-ity were measured in three locations on a typical summer month of May *** recorded data was used for validating the simulated model and calibrating the model *** the studies on outdoor thermal comfort compare a base case scenario and project future *** paper is a more realistic comparison of outdoor thermal comfort between the actual resultant built environment guided by the new Tamil Nadu Combined Development and Building Rules,2019 for selected locations and the existing built geometry which is the outcome of revised development control rules of *** study found a significant reduction of 18℃in mean radiant temperature(Tmrt)and a reduction of 12℃in Physiological Equiv-alent Temperature(PET)between the 2013 and the predicted built geometry as per 2019 build-ing *** the duration of extreme heat stress in the Physiological Equivalent Temperature(PET)scale show a reduction of 3 h during the day time,The study will assist ur-ban planners and designers to include outdoor thermal comfort also as an important factor while developing building rules.

关键词： Urban climate Urban morphology Building regulations Outdoor thermal comfort

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Dynamic stability characterization of re-entry modules at hypersonic mach numbers

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2017年第1期8卷 153-164页

作者： J.Vinoth J.Bruce Ralphin rose Department of Aeronautical Engineering Regional Campus Anna UniversityTirunelveli Tamil Nadu 627007India

At the time of re-entry modules entering into the atmosphere from space,a small perturbation introduces dynamic oscillations on the vehicle because of their extreme traveling *** dynamic stability characteristics of re-entry modules at hypersonic Mach numbers is of considerable relevance to their initial *** the present paper,the dynamic stability of blunt cone model about 10◦is examined with wide range of design parameters such as nose bluntness,semi-vertex angle and center of rotation through theoretical and experimental *** approximations are made over a model based on the standard Newtonian *** are conducted at 0.25m hypersonic wind tunnel at M=8.3 and the following trends are observed from the experimental ***,the incremental higher nose bluntness,semi-vertex angle and center of rotation reduce the dynamic *** higher hypersonic Mach numbers(M>10),dynamic stability characteristics of the re-entry module are insensitive to the free stream Mach ***,it is observed that the dynamic stability is increased in proportion to the vibration amplitude at hypersonic speeds.

关键词： Re-entry dynamic stability Newtonian theory flexure pivot center of rotation least square method

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Do statins reduce hepatitis C RNA titers during routine clinical use?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第40期15卷 5020-5027页

作者： Kimberly A Forde Connie Law rose O’Flynn David E Kaplan Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Pennsylvania Department of Pharmacy Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center

AIM: To compare hepatitis C virus (HCV) titers in patients with chronic hepatitis C with and without exposure to 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins).METHODS: Medical records were reviewed for 6463 patients with documented HCV infection at a single center between March 2004 and September 2006. Patients with confi rmed viremia and meeting inclusion criteria were assigned to one of three groups: Group A (n = 50), dyslipidemic patients with statin usage during HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) determination; Group B (n = 49), dyslipidemic patients with prior or future statin usage but not at the time of HCV RNA PCR determination; and Group C (n = 102), patients without statin usage during the study period. The primary analysis explored the effect of statin therapy on HCV viremia. Secondary analyses assessed class effect, dose response, and effect of other lipid-lowering therapies on HCV viral ***: Median HCV RNA titers did not signif icantly differ among the three groups (Group A: 4 550 000 IU/mL, Group B: 2 850 000 IU/mL, Group C: 3 055 000 IU/mL).For those subjects with longitudinal assessment of HCV viremia prior to and while on statins, there were no signif icant differences between pre- and post-HCV viral titers. Additionally, no differences in HCV titers were observed at any dose level of the most prescribed statin, simvastatin. However, hypertriglyceridemia independently correlated with HCV titers, and niacin exposure was associated with signif icantly lower viral titers (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: There was no apparent effect of statins on HCV viral replication in this analysis. Further investigation is warranted to explore the possible antiviral properties of triglyceride-lowering agents and their potential role as adjuncts to standard HCV therapy.

关键词：他汀类药物临床应用 RNA 滴度肝炎 C型

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Efficient CO_(2)Reduction to Formate on CsPbI_(3) Nanocrystals Wrapped with Reduced Graphene Oxide

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 1-14页

作者： Minh Tam Hoang Chen Han Zhipeng Ma Xin Mao Yang Yang Sepideh Sadat Madani Paul Shaw Yongchao Yang Lingyi Peng Cui Ying Toe Jian Pan rose Amal Aijun Du Tuquabo Tesfamichael Zhaojun Han Hongxia Wang School of Chemistry and Physics Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South WalesKensingtonNSW 2052Australia Centre for Organic Photonics&Electronics(COPE) School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Engineering The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2038Australia

Transformation of greenhouse gas(CO_(2))into valuable chemicals and fuels is a promising route to address the global issues of climate change and the energy *** halide perovskite catalysts have shown their potential in promoting CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),however,their low phase stability has limited their application ***,we present a reduced graphene oxide(rGO)wrapped CsPbI_3 perovskite nanocrystal(NC)CO_(2)RR catalyst(CsPbI_3/rGO),demonstrating enhanced stability in the aqueous *** CsPbI_3/rGO catalyst exhibited>92%Faradaic efficiency toward formate production at a CO_(2)RR current density of~12.7 mA cm^(-2).Comprehensive characterizations revealed the superior performance of the CsPbI_3/rGO catalyst originated from the synergistic effects between the CsPbI_3 NCs and rGO,i.e.,rGO stabilized theα-CsPbI_3 phase and tuned the charge distribution,thus lowered the energy barrier for the protonation process and the formation of~*HCOO intermediate,which resulted in high CO_(2)RR selectivity toward *** work shows a promising strategy to rationally design robust metal halide perovskites for achieving efficient CO_(2)RR toward valuable fuels.

关键词： Perovskite nanocrystal Electrocatalyst Inorganic perovskite CO_(2)reduction Formate production

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