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Rufous-and-white wrens Thryophilus rufalbus do not exhibit a dear enemy effects towards conspecific or heterospecific competitors

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 23-33页

作者： matthew m. BATTISTON David R. WILSON Brendan A. GRAHAm Kristin A. KOVACH Daniel J. mENNILL Department of Biological Sciences University of Windsor Windsor Ontario Canada N9B 3P4

many territorial animals exhibit reduced aggression towards neighbours. Known as ＂the dear enemy effect＂, this phenomenon has been documented among conspecific animals across a wide range of animal taxa. In theory, the dear enemy ef- fect can also exist between individuals of different species, particularly when those species compete for shared resources. To date, a heterospecific dear enemy effects has only been documented in ants. In this study, we test for both a conspecific and heterospe- cific dear enemy effect in neotropical rufous-and-white wrens Thryophilus rufalbus. This species competes for resources with banded wrens Thryophilus pleurostictus, a closely related sympatric congener. We used acoustic playback to simulate ruf- ous-and-white wren and banded wren neighbours and non-neighbours at the edges of rufous-and-white wren territories. Ruf- ous-and-white wrens responded more strongly to signals from their own species, demonstrating that resident males discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific rivals. They did not, however, exhibit a conspecific dear enemy effect. Further, they did not exhibit a heterospecific dear enemy effect. This could be due to neighbours and non-neighbours posing similar levels of threat in this system, to the possibility that playback from the edges of the subjects＇ large territories did not simulate a threatening signal, or to other factors. Our study provides the first test of a heterospecific dear enemy effect in vertebrates, and presents a valuable experimental approach for testing for a heterospecific dear enemy effect in other animals [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 23-33, 2015].

关键词： Conspecific aggression Dear enemy effect Heterospecific aggression Intra-specific interactions Inter-specific interactions Resource competition

Electrochemical hydrogen-storage capacity of graphene can achieve a carbon-hydrogen atomic ratio of 1:1

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第2期65卷 318-321页

作者： Quanfeng He Lanping Zeng Lianhuan Han Juan Peng matthew m.Sartin Yuan-Zhi Tan Dongping Zhan Zhong-Qun Tian State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Materials of ChinaEngineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of EducationGraphene Industry and Engineering Research InstituteDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringSchool of Aerospace EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNingxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

As a promising hydrogen-storage material,graphene is expected to have a theoretical capacity of 7.7 wt%,which means a carbon-hydrogen atomic ratio of 1:***,it has not been demonstrated yet by experiment,and the aim of the *** of Energy is to achieve 5.5 wt%in *** designed a spatially-confined electrochemical system and found that the storage capacity of hydrogen adatoms on single layer graphene(SLG)is as high as 7.3 wt%,which indicates a carbon-hydrogen atomic ratio of 1:1 by considering the sp^(3) defects of ***,SLG was deposited on a large-area polycrystalline platinum(Pt)foil by chemical vapor deposition(CVD);then,a micropipette with reference electrode,counter electrode and electrolyte solution inside was impacted on the SLG/Pt foil(the working electrode)to construct the spatially-confined electrochemical *** SLG-uncovered Pt atoms act as the catalytic sites to convert protons(H^(+))to hydrogen adatoms(H_(ad)),which then spill over and are chemically adsorbed on SLG through surface diffusion during the cathodic *** the electrode processes are reversible,the H_(ad) amount can be measured by the anodic stripping *** is the first experimental evidence for the theoretically expected hydrogen-storage capacity on graphene at ambient environment,especially by using H+rather than hydrogen gas(H_(2))as the hydrogen source,which is of significance for the practical utilization of hydrogen energy.

关键词： graphene hydrogen storage surface electrochemistry adsorption desorption spillover surface diffusion

Implementation and evaluation of Exercise is medicine in primary care clinics within a large academic health system

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Family medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 16-27页

作者： John Kevin Ong Dayao Caroline E L Duffy Amalia m Cristiano Gene'Rusty'Kallenberg Sarah E Linke University of California San Diego School of medicine La JollaCaliforniaUSA milken Institute of Public Health The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA The University of Texas medical Branch at Galveston School of medicine GalvestonTexasUSA Scripps Family medicine Residency Scripps Mercy Hospital Chula VistaChula VistaCaliforniaUSA Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health&Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Family medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Omada Health San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA

Objective Exercise is medicine(EIm)is a global initiative encouraging healthcare providers to routinely assess and promote physical activity(PA)among *** objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility,adoption,implementation and effectiveness of EIm from patient,clinician and healthcare staff perspectives using a combination of electronic health record(EHR),survey and interview *** This study used a combination of the Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability model(PRISm)and the Learning Evaluation model to implement *** captured from the EHR,including Physical Activity Vital Sign(PAVS)scores,and data collected from qualitative surveys and interviews were used to evaluate the programme’s Reach,Effectiveness,Adoption,Implementation,maintenance(RE-AIm,which is embedded within PRISm)from provider,staff and patient *** Five primary care clinics within a large academic health *** A total of 24443 patients from all participating clinics had at least one PAVS score during the study period.A total of 17 clinicians completed surveys,and 4 clinicians,8 medical assistants and 9 patients completed *** Implementation fidelity metrics varied widely between components and across clinics but were generally consistent over time,indicating a high degree of programme *** was highest during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic when most visits were *** PAVS scores increased from 57.7(95%CI:56 to 59.4)to 95.2(95%CI:91.6 to 98.8)min per week at 6 months for patients not meeting PA guidelines at baseline and decreased from 253.84(95%CI:252 to 255.7)to 208.3(95%CI:204.2 to 212.4)min per week at 6 months for patients meeting PA guidelines at *** EIm implementation,clinician-estimated time spent discussing PA with patients increased for 35%of providers and stayed the same for 53%.Conclusion Overall,this study established EIm’s feasibility,adoption,implementation

关键词： routine qualitative completed

Ad Blockers & Online Privacy: A Comparative Analysis of Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET)

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 378-395页

作者： Siddharth m. madikeri Vijay K. madisetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

Online tracking mechanisms employed by internet companies for user profiling and targeted advertising raise major privacy concerns. Despite efforts to defend against these mechanisms, they continue to evolve, rendering many existing defences ineffective. This study performs a large-scale measurement of online tracking mechanisms across a large pool of websites using the OpenWPm (Open Web Privacy measurement) platform. It systematically evaluates the effectiveness of several ad blockers and underlying Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET) that are primarily used to mitigate different tracking techniques. By quantifying the strengths and limitations of these tools against modern tracking methods, the findings highlight gaps in existing privacy protections. Actionable recommendations are provided to enhance user privacy defences, guide tool developers and inform policymakers on addressing invasive online tracking practices.

关键词： Privacy Enhancing Technology (PET) Personally Identifiable Information (PII) OpenWPm Web Privacy

Sedimentology and Chronology of Paleogene Coarse Clastic Rocks in East-Central Tibet and Their Relationship to Early Tectonic Uplift

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第3期81卷 398-408页

作者： ZHOU Jiangyu WANG Jianghai K. H. BRIAN A. YIN m. S. matthew Faculty of Earth and Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 430074 China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China Food Engineering Research Center of the ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol College of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510275 China Department of Earth and Space Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

A systematic sedimentological and chronological study of typical Paleogene basins in eastcentral Tibet suggests that the depositional characteristics of extensively developed huge-bedded, purplish-red coarse clastic rocks formed in a tectonic setting of regional thrusting and strike-slipping represent a typical dry and hot subaerial alluvial fan environment formed in a proximal and rapidaccumulating sediment body in debris flows and a fan-surface braided river. Combining results from basin-fill sequences, sequences of coarse clastic rocks, fauna and sporo-pollen associations and thermochronological data, it is conduded that the coarse clastic rocks formed in the period of 54.2- 24.1 ma, nearly coeval with the formation of Paleogene basins in the northern （Nangqen-Yushu thrust belt）, middle （Batang-Lijiang fault belt）, and disintegration of large basins in the southern （LanpingSimao fold belt） segments of Tibet. The widespread massive-bedded coarse clastic rocks, fold thrusting and strike-slip, thrust shortening, and igneous activities in the Paleogene basins of eastcentral Tibet indicate that an early diachronous tectonic uplift might have occurred in the Tibetan Plateau from middle Eocene to Oligocene, related to the initial stage of collision of the Indian and Asian plates.

关键词： Paleogene clastic rocks tectonic uplift chronology east-central Tibet

Enabling low-cost decentralized power reserves adopting carbon dioxide for green methane exchange in stabilized clathrate adsorbent

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 438-443,I0009页

作者： Lucas Hanssens maarten Houlleberghs C.Vinod Chandran Geert Watson Sambhu Radhakrishnan Pascal Van Der Voort Joeri F.m.Denayer Christine E.A.Kirschhock Johan A.martens Eric Breynaert Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis-Characterization and Application Team(COK-KAT) 3001 LeuvenBelgium NmR/X-Ray Platform for Convergence Research(NmRCoRe) 3001 LeuvenBelgium Centre for Ordered materials Organometallics and Catalysis(COMOC)Department of ChemistryGhent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Chemical Engineering Vrije Universiteit Brussel1050 BrusselBelgium

*** circular methane energy systems In recent decades,methane-based energy systems have rapidly gained traction across the globe because of the increasing availability of low-cost methane production ***,fossil methane... 详细信息

关键词： Long duration energy storage Green methane Carbon neutrality Confined clathrate hydrates CH_(4)/CO_(2) exchange Direct gas exchange

Uncovering material deformations via machine learning combined with four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 1072-1080页

作者： Chuqiao Shi michael C.Cao Sarah m.Rehn Sang-Hoon Bae Jeehwan Kim matthew RJones David A.muller Yimo Han Department of materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Department of Chemistry Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Department of mechanical Engineering and materials Science Washington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMOUSA Institute of materials Science and Engineering Washington University in Saint LouisSaint LouisMOUSA Department of mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Kavli Institute for Nanoscale Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA

Understanding lattice deformations is crucial in determining the properties of nanomaterials,which can become more prominent in future applications ranging from energy harvesting to electronic ***,it remains challenging to reveal unexpected deformations that crucially affect material properties across a large sample ***,we demonstrate a rapid and semi-automated unsupervised machine learning approach to uncover lattice deformations in *** method utilizes divisive hierarchical clustering to automatically unveil multi-scale deformations in the entire sample flake from the diffraction data using four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy(4D-STEm).Our approach overcomes the current barriers of large 4D data analysis without a priori knowledge of the *** this purely data-driven analysis,we have uncovered different types of material deformations,such as strain,lattice distortion,bending contour,etc.,which can significantly impact the band structure and subsequent performance of nanomaterials-based *** envision that this data-driven procedure will provide insight into materials’intrinsic structures and accelerate the discovery of materials.

关键词： utilize purely overcome

multi-timescale modeling and Dynamic Stability Analysis for Sustainable microgrids:State-of-the-art and Perspectives

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Protection and Control of modern Power Systems 2024年第3期9卷 1-35页

作者： mingyue Zhang Yang Han Yuxiang Liu Amr S.Zalhaf Ensheng Zhao Karar mahmoud mohamed m.F.Darwish Frede Blaabjerg the School of mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China IEEE 不详 the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC) ChengduChina Aswan University the School of Electrical Engineering Aalto UniversityFinland the Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha University the Department of EEA School of Electrical EngineeringAalto University

The increasing trend for integrating renewable energy sources into the grid to achieve a cleaner energy system is one of the main reasons for the development of sustainable microgrid(mG)*** typical power-electronized power systems,mGs make extensive use of power electronics converters,which are highly controllable and flexible but lead to a profound impact on the dynamic performance of the whole *** with traditional large-capacity power systems,mGs are less resistant to perturbations,and various dynamic variables are coupled with each other on multiple timescales,resulting in a more complex system instability *** meet the technical and economic challenges,such as active and reactive power-sharing,voltage,and frequency deviations,and imbalances between power supply and demand,the concept of hierarchical control has been introduced into mGs,allowing systems to control and manage the high capacity of renewable energy sources and ***,as the capacity and scale of the mG system increase,along with a multi-timescale control loop design,the multi-timescale interactions in the system may become more significant,posing a serious threat to its safe and stable *** investigate the multi-timescale behaviors and instability mechanisms under dynamic inter-actions for AC mGs,existing coordinated control strategies are discussed,and the dynamic stability of the system is defined and classified in this ***,the modeling and assessment methods for the stability analysis of multi-timescale systems are also ***,an outlook and discussion of future research directions for AC mGs are also presented.

关键词： Sustainable microgrid hierarchical control modeling model simplification multi-timescale dynamic stability analysis timescale decomposition.

Landscape features and weather influence nest survival of a ground-nesting bird of conservation concern,the greater sage-grouse,in humanaltered environments

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Ecological Processes 2012年第1期1卷 83-97页

作者： Stephen L Webb Chad V Olson matthew R Dzialak Seth m Harju Jeffrey B Winstead Dusty Lockman Hayden-Wing Associates LLC2308 South 8th StreetLaramieWY82070USA KC Harvey Environmental LLC376 Gallatin Park DriveBozemanMT59715USA

Introduction:Ground-nesting birds experience high levels of nest ***,birds can make selection decisions related to nest site location and characteristics that may result in physical,visual,and olfactory impediments to ***:We studied daily survival rate[DSR]of greater sage-grouse(Centrocercus urophasianus)from 2008 to 2010 in an area in Wyoming experiencing large-scale alterations to the *** used generalized linear mixed models to model fixed and random effects,and a correlation within nesting attempts,individual birds,and ***:Predation of the nest was the most common source of nest failure(84.7%)followed by direct predation of the female(13.6%).Generally,landscape variables at the nest site(≤30 m)were more influential on DSR of nests than features at larger spatial *** of shrub canopy cover at the nest site(15-m scale)and distances to natural gas wells and mesic areas had a positive relationship with DSR of nests,whereas distance to roads had a negative relationship with DSR of *** added to the vegetation model,maximum wind speed on the day of nest failure and a 1-day lag in precipitation(i.e.,precipitation the day before failure)improved model fit whereby both variables negatively influenced DSR of ***:Nest site characteristics that reduce visibility(i.e.,shrub canopy cover)have the potential to reduce depredation,whereas anthropogenic(i.e.,distance to wells)and mesic landscape features appear to facilitate ***,predators may be more efficient at locating nests under certain weather conditions(i.e.,high winds and moisture).

关键词： behavior Centrocercus urophasianus conservation depredation generalized linear mixed models greater sage-grouse human development management nest survival weather