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soil resilience assessment using soil profile descriptions and Analytic Hierarchy Process in Mediterranean mountains considering diverse fire occurrences

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第8期21卷 2517-2532页

作者： Jesús RODRIGO-COMINO Departamento de Análisis Geográfico Regional y Geografía Física Facultad de Filosofía y LetrasCampus Universitario de CartujaUniversidad de GranadaGranada 18071Spain

Wildfires are complex natural phenomena that exert significant impacts on landscapes,societies,and *** the concept of resilience is crucial in mitigating its possible negative impacts,as it involves preparing for,responding to,and recovering from *** research aims to demonstrate the utility of in situ soil profile description in assessing land use resilience using an Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)through an expert panel *** study examines a catchment located in the Balearic Islands,considering two fire occurrences(once and twice),comparing abandoned agricultural terraces and natural *** results demonstrated that the priority ranking of variables to assess soil profile resilience against wildfires,determined by a panel of 10 experts,identified horizon depth(25.1%),slope inclination(21.5%),and hydrological connectivity(16.6%)as the most crucial *** variables,such as number and size of roots,structure of pedal soil material,size class structure,and rock fragments,also contributed to resilience but to a lesser extent,with scores ranging from 5.7%to 9.6%.Analyzing the priorities established by the experts using AHP,the results showed that the least resilient soil horizon was H1 of the control hillslope,especially under high and low connectivity processes,which aligned with the loss of superficial soil horizons after one and two *** showed greater changes in resilience after occurring wildfires compared to terraces,with the most significant alterations occurring after the second wildfire *** study addresses a significant knowledge gap in the field by highlighting the interconnectedness of wildfires,resilience,and land use,providing insights into land management strategies for wildfire-prone regions.

关键词： soil profiles soil geography Wildfires AHP land management Expert panel survey

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Improved Responses with Multitaper spectral Analysis for Magnetotelluric Time series Data Processing: Examples from Field Data

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Acta Geologica sinica(English Edition) 2024年第S1期 14-17页

作者： matthew J.COMEAU Rafael RIGAUD Johanna PlETT Michael BECKEN Alexey KUVsHINOV Department of Geoscience & Engineering Delft University of Technology Institute of Geophysics ETH Institut für Geophysik Universit?t Münster

In order to attain good quality transfer function estimates from magnetotelluric field data(i.e., smooth behavior and small uncertainties across all frequencies), we compare time series data processing with and without a multitaper approach for spectral estimation. There are several common ways to increase the reliability of the Fourier spectral estimation from experimental(noisy) data; for example to subdivide the experimental time series into segments, taper these segments(using single taper), perform the Fourier transform of the individual segments, and average the resulting spectra.

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Discovery of new MAX-phase-like layered ternary carbide V_(8)P_(6)C:Crystal structure,thermal expansion,and elastic properties

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 55-62页

作者： H.X.Chen l.sheng Z.l.Zhang X.C.Wen D.l.Yang X.Y.Ye P.Q.Dai school of Materials science and Engineering Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou 350118China Beijing synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application Fuzhou 350118China state Key laboratory of structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China

Due to the laminated structure,MAX phases and MAX-phase-like compounds possess outstanding dam-age tolerance capability with good thermal/electrical conductivity and other charming functional prop-erties,showing a bright future for structural-functional ***,a new MAX-phase-like ternary car-bide V_(8)P_(6)C with layered characteristics was *** to the alternate stacking of hexagonal-arranged M/A/X atom layers in MAX phases,V_(8)P_(6)C has a layered structure formed by a repeated stacking of the slabs consisting of V_(6)C-octahedrons and VP 6-distorted-octahedrons in three-atomic layers *** thermal expansion anisotropy was revealed,with the thermal expansion coefficients(TECs)along a-axis,c-axis,and the average value,equal toα_(a)=8.55(5)μK^(−1),α_(c)=10.23(5)μK^(−1),andα_(l)=9.14(5)μK^(−1),*** dilation along the c-axis was mainly dominated by out-plane V-P bonds be-tween layered *** to the pressure-dependent lattice parameters,the polycrystalline bulk modulus(B_(0)=185(9)GPa)and high compressibility anisotropy factor(B_(a)/B_(c)=1.64)was ***-while,the second-order elastic constants were calculated,and the elastic moduli,E=303 GPa,B=198 GPa,G=122 GPa,andν=0.246,were *** the weak connection between layer slabs by out-plane V1-P bond was revealed by the bond stiffness model,with a bond stiffness close to the M-A bond in MAX ***,good damage tolerance capability was predicted according to Paugh’s ratio(G/B=0.616)and Cauchy pressure(P_(a)=0 GPa,P_(c)=-7.5 GPa),even better than those of typical MAX *** discovery of V_(8)P_(6)C provides a new member of MAX-phase-like damage-tolerant ceramic with relatively low density,moderate thermal expansion,and anisotropic compressibility,and the unique lay-ered structure is inspiring for exploring new layered ternary ceramics.

关键词： New ternary carbide MAX phase Thermal expansion Elastic constants Anisotropy

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litterfall production modeling based on climatic variables and nutrient return from stands of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus taeda l.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 26-36页

作者： Andrés Baietto Andrés Hirigoyen Jorge Hernández Amabelia del Pino Forest Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay National Research Program of Forest Production National Agriculture Research InstituteINIA97000 TacuarembóUruguay soil and Water Department Faculty of AgronomyUniversity of the Republic12900 MontevideoUruguay

Native grasslands in the Pampas of south America are increasingly being replaced by Eucalyptus and Pinus *** short rotation regimes used for the stands require high nutrient levels,with litterfall being a major source of nutrient *** model the litterfall production using climatic variables and assess the nutrient return in 14-year-old Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus taeda stands,we measured litter production over 2 years,using conical litter traps,and monitored climatic *** temperature,accumulated precipitation,and mean maximum vapor pres-sure deficit at the seasonal level influenced litterfall produc-tion by ***;seasonal accumulated precipitation and mean maximum temperature affected litterfall by *** regression tree modeling based on these climatic vari-ables had great accuracy and predictive power for ***(N=33;MAE(mean absolute error)=0.65;RMsE(root mean square error)=0.91;R^(2)=0.71)and ***(N=108;MAE=1.50;RMsE=1.59;R^(2)=0.72).The nutrient return followed a similar pattern to litterfall deposition,as well as the order of importance of macronutrients(***:Ca>N>K>Mg>P;***:N>Ca>K>Mg>P)and micronutrients(*** and ***:Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu)in both *** study constitutes a first approximation of factors that affect litterfall and nutrient return in these systems.

关键词： Afforestation litterfall Nutrient recycling Climate modeling Myrtaceae Pinaceae

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Decorating crystalline YFe_(2-x)Al_(x) on the Mg_(60)la_(10)Ni_(20)Cu_(10) amorphous alloy as “hydrogen pump” to realize fast de/hydrogenation

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第6期173卷 72-79页

作者： l.J.Huang H.Wang l.Z.Ouyang M.Zhu H.J.lin school of Materials science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong ProvinceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Institute of Advanced Wear&Corrosion Resistance and Functional Materials Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Mg-based amorphous alloys are one of the potential hydrogen storage materials but suffer from sluggish dehydrogenation/hydrogenation(de/hydrogenation)*** this work,as a new strategy,a hydrogen pump is built on the surface of amorphous alloys to solve this *** milling crystalline YFe_(2-x)Al_(x) hydrogen storage alloy with Mg_(60)la_(10)Ni_(20)Cu_(10) amorphous alloy,fine crystalline particles were seeded on amorphous alloy powder to form a“strawberry”*** to the TEM observation,a metallurgical bonding boundary formed between the Mg-based amorphous matrix and the Y-Fe-Al crystalline *** microstructure and de/hydrogenation kinetics investigation,the“hydrogen pump”effect of the seeded crystalline alloy was confirmed,which makes it much easier for the hydrogen to dissociate on and diffuse through the surface of the Mg-based amorphous *** such effect,the H absorption rate of Mg_(60)la_(10)Ni_(20)Cu_(10) amorphous alloy became almost eight times faster and it absorbs ~2.8 wt.% in 1 h at 130℃ under 4.5 MPa-H_(2).Further,fast hydrogenation can even achieve at 70℃ and the low-temperature dehydrogenation kinetics of the amorphous hydride can be also greatly *** present work proves that surface modification is of great importance for obtaining Mg-based amorphous alloy with ideal hydrogen storage performance.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Mg-based amorphous alloy Hydrogen pump Composite structure

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Distributed swarm control for multi-robot systems inspired by shepherding behaviors

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2191-2202页

作者： sUN GuiBin GU HaiBo lÜJinHu school of Automation science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Zhongguancun laboratory Beijing 100094China

swarming behaviors play an eminent role in both biological and engineering research, and show great potential applications in many emerging fields. Traditional swarming models still lack integrity, uniformity, and stability in swarm forming processes,resulting in fragmentation and void phenomena. Inspired by the shepherding behaviors observed in nature, we propose an integrated negotiation-control scheme for distributed swarm control of massive robots. The core idea of this scheme is that the robots at the boundary of the group herd the internal robots to form an equilibrium swarm. For this purpose, we introduce a concept of virtual group center towards which boundary robots herd internal robots. Then, a distributed negotiation mechanism is designed to allow each robot to negotiate the virtual group center only through local interactions with its neighbors. After that, we propose a shepherding-inspired swarm control law to drive a group of robots to form an integrated, uniform, and stable configuration from any initial states. Both numerical and flight simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of our proposed swarm control scheme.

关键词： swarm control multi-robot system negotiation-control scheme shepherding behavior

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Current state-of-the-art review of footwear–ground friction

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2188-2204页

作者： David REBENDA Tomáš sÁHA Footwear Research Centre University InstituteTomas Bata University in ZlinZlin 76001Czech Republic Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBron 61600Czech Republic

The most important role of footwear is to ensure safe,functional walking,and foot *** the proper functionality of not only the work shoes,the anti-slip behavior of the shoe under various conditions and environments plays an important role in the prevention of slips,trips,falls,and consequent *** article is intended to review the current understanding of the frictional mechanisms between shoe outsoles and various counterfaces that impact the evaluation of outsole *** research focuses on the mechanisms driving outsole friction on different ground surfaces or the definition and description of parameters that influence outsole ***,the review discusses the effect of various surface contaminants on footwear ***,challenges and outlooks in the field of footwear outsoles are briefly mentioned.

关键词： shoe outsole composite slipperiness coefficient of friction(COF) adhesion safe walk

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Comparative analysis of microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable Mg-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser melting and spark plasma sintering

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.Minárik M.Zemková s.Šašek J.Dittrich M.Knapek F.lukáˇc D.Koutný J.Jaroš R.Král Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of Machine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable magnesium alloy Mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy techniques–spark plasma sintering(sPs)and selective laser melting(slM).The powder material was consolidated by both methods utilising optimised parameters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the slM material and unmeasurably low porosity in the sPs *** main aim of the study was the thorough microstructure characterisation and interrelation between the microstructure and the functional properties,such as mechanical strength,deformability,and corrosion *** materials showed comparable strength of∼110 MPa in tension and compression and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the slM and sPs materials,*** corrosion resistance of the sPs material in 0.1 M NaCl solution was superior to the slM one and comparable to the conventional extruded *** digital image correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dominant negative effect on the functional properties of the slM *** the other hand,one of the primary outcomes of this study is that the sPs consolidation method is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in material with convenient mechanical and degradation properties that might find practical applications.

关键词： Magnesium Yttrium Powder metallurgy Microstructure Mechanical strength Corrosion resistance

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Recent Advances in Catalytic Carbonylation Reactions in Alternative Reaction Media

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Árvai lászló T.Mika Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

since the discovery of the hydroformylation(oxo-synthesis or Roelen reaction)and the Reppe-reaction,the transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions,providing versatile,facile,and even atom-economic methods for the selective incorporation of C=O functionality to various skeletons,have gained tremendous importance in synthetic organic chemistry from laboratories to industrial *** carbonylation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds,aromatic halides,triflates,etc.,in the presence of various nucleophiles has led the way to produce aldehydes,carboxylic acids,esters,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical ***,these protocols usually proceed in conventional,fossil-based,and usually toxic reaction ***,several attempts have been directed to developing efficient carbonylation methods in alternative,less harmful,non-fossil-based and even in renewable reaction *** this review,we overview the recent applications of alternative solvents such as water,biomass-based alcohols,γ-valerolactone(GVl),2-methyltetrahydrofuran(2-MeTHF),ionic liquids(Ils),deep eutectic solvents(DEs),alkyl levulinates,limonene,α-pinene,and dimethyl carbonate as well as fluorous media to improve efficiency,safety and environmentally benign nature of carbonylation protocols.

关键词： Carbonylation Catalysis solvents Green chemistry Carbon monoxide Transition metals Homogeneous catalysis Palladium

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Improving cycling performance of the NaNiO_(2)cathode in sodium-ion batteries by titanium substitution

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Materials Futures 2024年第3期3卷 132-147页

作者： siyu An leonhard Karger sören l Dreyer Yang Hu Eduardo Barbosa Ruizhuo Zhang Jing lin Maximilian Fichtner Aleksandr Kondrakov Jürgen Janek Torsten Brezesinski Battery and Electrochemistry laboratory(BEllA) Institute of NanotechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Kaiserstr.1276131 KarlsruheGermany Helmholtz Institute Ulm(HIU)Electrochemical Energy storage Helmholtzstr.1189081 UlmGermany BAsF sE Carl-Bosch-Str.3867056 LudwigshafenGermany Institute of Physical Chemistry&Center for Materials Research(ZfM/laMa) Justus-Liebig-University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGermany

O3-type layered oxide cathodes,such as NaNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(2),have garnered significant attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity while using abundant and low-cost sodium as intercalation *** the lithium analog(liNiO_(2)),NaNiO_(2)(NNO)exhibits poor electrochemical performance resulting from structural instability and inferior Coulomb *** enhance its cyclability for practical application,NNO was modified by titanium substitution to yield the O3-type NaNi_(0.9)Ti_(0.1)O_(2)(NNTO),which was successfully synthesized for the first time via a solid-state *** mechanism behind its superior performance in comparison to that of similar materials is examined in detail using a variety of characterization *** delivers a specific discharge capacity of∼190 mAh g^(−1)and exhibits good reversibility,even in the presence of multiple phase transitions during cycling in a potential window of 2.0−4.2 V ***^(+)/*** behavior can be attributed to the substituent,which helps maintain a larger interslab distance in the Na-deficient phases and to mitigate Jahn–Teller activity by reducing the average oxidation state of ***,volume collapse at high potentials and irreversible lattice oxygen loss are still detrimental to the ***,the performance can be further enhanced through coating and doping *** not only positions NNTO as a promising next-generation cathode material,but also serves as inspiration for future research directions in the field of high-energy-density Na-ion batteries.

关键词： Ni-rich layered oxide cathode material substitution doping electro-chemo-mechanical degradation Na-ion battery

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