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An Effective Optimization Algorithm for Ant Colony Vehicular Congestion Management

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第9期12卷 119-130页

作者： Tebepah Tariuge Timadi matthew Department of Computer Science Ignatius Ajuru University Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Computer Science Federal University Yenagoa Nigeria

Adaptability and dynamicity are special properties of social insects derived from the decentralized behavior of the insects. Authors have come up with designs for software solution that can regulate traffic congestion in a network transportation environment. The effectiveness of various researches on traffic management has been verified through appropriate metrics. Most of the traffic management systems are centered on using sensors, visual monitoring and neural networks to check for available parking space with the aim of informing drivers beforehand to prevent traffic congestion. There has been limited research on solving ongoing traffic congestion in congestion prone areas like car park with any of the common methods mentioned. This study focus however is on a motor park, as a highly congested area when it comes to traffic. The car park has two entrance gate and three exit gates which is divided into three Isle of parking lot where cars can park. An ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) was developed as an effective management system for controlling navigation and vehicular traffic congestion problems when cars exit a motor park. The ACO based on the nature and movement of the natural ants, simulates the movement of cars out of the car park through their nearest choice exit. A car park simulation was also used for the mathematical computation of the pheromone. The system was implemented using SIMD because of its dual parallelization ability. The result showed about 95% increase on the number of vehicles that left the motor park in one second. A clear indication that pheromones are large determinants of the shortest route to take as cars followed the closest exit to them. Future researchers may consider monitoring a centralized tally system for cars coming into the park through a censored gate being.

关键词： Ant Colony Optimization Adaptability Congestion Pheromones

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植物凝集素类受体激酶研究进展

热带亚热带植物学报 2024年

作者：熊圭 John Seymour HESLOP-harrison 刘青植物多样性与特色经济作物全国重点实验室广东省应用植物学重点实验室中国科学院华南植物园华南国家植物园中国科学院大学莱斯特大学遗传学和基因组生物学系

植物凝集素类受体激酶(lectin receptor-like kinases， LecRLKs)，隶属于植物膜蛋白类受体激酶，LecRLKs主要由胞外凝集素结构域、跨膜结构域和胞内激酶结构域组成，根据胞外结构域的特异性，分为G型、L型和C型，凝集素类受体激酶参与... 详细信息

植物凝集素类受体激酶(lectin receptor-like kinases， LecRLKs)，隶属于植物膜蛋白类受体激酶，LecRLKs主要由胞外凝集素结构域、跨膜结构域和胞内激酶结构域组成，根据胞外结构域的特异性，分为G型、L型和C型，凝集素类受体激酶参与植物的生长发育和环境响应调控。该文总结凝集素类受体激酶的研究历史、结构和分类，阐述植物LecRLKs的发育调控和胁迫响应功能，对功能明确的LecRLKs基因进行归类。提出凝集素类受体激酶研究中存在的不足之处，包括该家族演化历史研究极其缺乏、信号传导途径及其潜在配体亟待开展等方面。在此基础上，提出未来深入研究的方向，以期为植物凝集素类受体激酶基因家族的定向育种提供理论支持。

关键词：凝集素类受体蛋白激酶生长发育生物/非生物胁迫免疫

Polysulfide regulation by defect-modulated Ta_(3)N_(5-x) electrocatalyst toward superior room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries

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Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 197-208页

作者： Zhen Zhang Dan Luo Jun Chen Chuyin Ma matthew Li Haoze Zhang Renfei Feng Rui Gao Haozhen Dou Aiping Yu Xin Wang Zhongwei Chen Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics&International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemont 60439USA Canadian Light Source Saskatoon S7N 2V3Canada

Resolving low sulfur reaction activity and severe polysulfide dissolution remains challenging in metalsulfur *** by a theoretical prediction,herein,we strategically propose nitrogenvacancy tantalum nitride(Ta3N5-x)impregnated inside the interconnected nanopores of nitrogendecorated carbon matrix as a new electrocatalyst for regulating sulfur redox reactions in roomtemperature sodium-sulfur *** a pore-constriction mechanism,the nitrogen vacancies are controllably constructed during the nucleation of *** defect manipulation on the local environment enables well-regulated Ta 5d-orbital energy level,not only modulating band structure toward enhanced intrinsic conductivity of Ta-based materials,but also promoting polysulfide stabilization and achieving bifunctional catalytic capability toward completely reversible polysulfide ***,the interconnected continuous Ta3N5-x-in-pore structure facilitates electron and sodium-ion transport and accommodates volume expansion of sulfur species while suppressing their shuttle *** to these attributes,the as-developed Ta3N5-x-based electrode achieves superior rate capability of 730 mAh g-1 at 3.35 A g-1,long-term cycling stability over 2000 cycles,and high areal capacity over 6 mAh cm-2 under high sulfur loading of 6.2 mg *** work not only presents a new sulfur electrocatalyst candidate for metal-sulfur batteries,but also sheds light on the controllable material design of defect structure in hopes of inspiring new ideas and directions for future research.

关键词： Tantalum nitride Nitrogen defects Sodium-sulfur batteries Electrocatalysts Polysulfide conversion

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A Novel Insertion Solution for the Travelling Salesman Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1581-1597页

作者： Emmanuel Oluwatobi Asani Aderemi Elisha Okeyinka Sunday Adeola Ajagbe Ayodele Ariyo Adebiyi Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun Temitope Samson Adekunle Pragasen Mudali matthew Olusegun Adigun Department of Computer Science Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria SDG 11 Group Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria Department of Computing MiVA UniversityAbuja900211Nigeria Department of Computer Science Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida UniversityLapai911101Nigeria Department of Computer Science University of ZululandKwadlangezwa3886South Africa Department of Computer&Industrial Production Engineering First Technical UniversityIbadan200243Nigeria Department of Multimedia Engineering Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunasLT-44249Lithuania Department of Computer Science Colorado State UniversityFort Collins80523USA

The studypresents theHalfMax InsertionHeuristic (HMIH) as a novel approach to solving theTravelling SalesmanProblem (TSP). The goal is to outperform existing techniques such as the Farthest Insertion Heuristic (FIH) andNearest Neighbour Heuristic (NNH). The paper discusses the limitations of current construction tour heuristics,focusing particularly on the significant margin of error in FIH. It then proposes HMIH as an alternative thatminimizes the increase in tour distance and includes more nodes. HMIH improves tour quality by starting withan initial tour consisting of a ‘minimum’ polygon and iteratively adding nodes using our novel Half Max *** paper thoroughly examines and compares HMIH with FIH and NNH via rigorous testing on standard TSPbenchmarks. The results indicate that HMIH consistently delivers superior performance, particularly with respectto tour cost and computational efficiency. HMIH’s tours were sometimes 16% shorter than those generated by FIHand NNH, showcasing its potential and value as a novel benchmark for TSP solutions. The study used statisticalmethods, including Friedman’s Non-parametric Test, to validate the performance of HMIH over FIH and *** guarantees that the identified advantages are statistically significant and consistent in various situations. Thiscomprehensive analysis emphasizes the reliability and efficiency of the heuristic, making a compelling case for itsuse in solving TSP issues. The research shows that, in general, HMIH fared better than FIH in all cases studied,except for a few instances (pr439, eil51, and eil101) where FIH either performed equally or slightly better thanHMIH. HMIH’s efficiency is shown by its improvements in error percentage (δ) and goodness values (g) comparedto FIH and NNH. In the att48 instance, HMIH had an error rate of 6.3%, whereas FIH had 14.6% and NNH had20.9%, indicating that HMIH was closer to the optimal solution. HMIH consistently showed superior performanceacross many benchmarks,

关键词： Nearest neighbour heuristic farthest insertion heuristic half max insertion heuristic tour construction travelling salesman problem

Pleiotropic attenuating effect of Ginkgo biloba against isoprenalineinduced myocardial infarction via improving Bcl-2/mTOR/ERK1/2/Na^(+) , K^(+) -ATPase activities

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第2期16卷 282-292页

作者： Jerome Ndudi Asiwe Abodunrin Adebayo Ojetola Nwoke Enekabokom Ekene Esthinsheen Osirim Anthony Chibuzor Nnamudi Benjamin Oritsemuelebi Jackson Erozueme Onuelu Nicholas Asiwe harrison Ogheneochuko Eruotor Saviour Inegbenehi Department of Physiology Delta State UniversityAbraka 1Nigeria Department of Physiology University of IbadanIbadan 3017Nigeria Department of Physiology Adeleke UniversityEde 250Nigeria Department of Pharmacology Rivers State UniversityNkpolu-Oroworukwo 5080Nigeria Department of Physiology Redeemer’s UniversityEde 230Nigeria Department of Biochemistry PAMO University of Medical SciencesPort Harcourt 500211Nigeria Department of Pharmacology Delta State UniversityAbraka 1Nigeria Department of Anatomy University of Port HarcourtChoba 5323Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Port HarcourtChoba 5323Nigeria

Objective:Myocardial infarction(MI)is linked to an imbalance in the supply and demand of blood oxygen in the heart ***-blockers and calcium antagonists are just two of the common medications used to treat ***,these have reportedly been shown to be either ineffective or to have undesirable side *** of Ginkgo biloba leaves(GBE),a Chinese herbal product offers special compatibility benefits in therapeutic settings relating to inflammatory diseases and oxidative *** order to better understand how GBE affects MI in rats insulted by isoprenaline(ISO),the current study was ***:The heart weight index,serum lipid profile,cardiac marker enzymes,endogenous antioxidants[catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH),nitrites and malondialdehyde(MDA)],inflammatory mediators[tumour necrosis factor alpha(TNF-a)and interleukin-6(IL-6)],immunohistochemical expressions of B-cell lymphoma factor-2(Bcl-2),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2),and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)and histopathological analysis were used to assess the cardioprotective properties of ***:The findings showed that GBE effectively attenuated myocardial infarction by boosting the body’s natural antioxidant defense system and reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines as well as heart injury marker *** expression of Bcl-2,ERK1/2 and mTOR was increased while the histomorphological alterations were ***:The cardioprotective effects of GBE may be due to a mechanism involving increased Bcl-2/mTOR/ERK1/2/Na^(+),K^(+)-ATPase activity.

关键词： antioxidants extracellular signal-regulated kinase Ginkgo biloba extract isoprenaline mammalian target of rapamycin myocardial infarction Na^(+),K^(+)-ATPase

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Is Induction of Labor with Early Rupture of Membranes Associated with an Increased Rate of Clinical Chorioamnionitis?

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第2期14卷 240-249页

作者： Laura Rankin matthew Romagano Shauna Williams Joseph Apuzzio Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Health Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark USA Lehigh Valley Health Network Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine Allentown USA

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if early rupture of membranes (ROM) in women undergoing induction of labor (IOL) at term is associated with an increased rate of clinical chorioamnionitis. Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was performed on women undergoing IOL. Early ROM was defined as ROM at a modified Bishop score less than 5, cervical dilation less than 4 cm, or cervical effacement less than 80%. The rate of clinical chorioamnionitis was compared between women with early and late ROM. Results: The rate of clinical chorioamnionitis was 8.6% (24/279). ROM at an effacement of less than 80% was associated with a rate of clinical chorioamnionitis of 15.4% (12/78) compared to 6.0% (12/201) at an effacement of equal to or greater than 80%, p = 0.017. The rate of cesarean delivery was higher for patients with early ROM by any definition: 32% compared to 17.5% by modified Bishop score (p = 0.031), 32.4% versus 18.2% by cervical dilation (p = 0.049), and 33.3% versus 14.9% by cervical effacement (p = 0.001). Conclusions: In patients undergoing IOL, early ROM may be associated with an increased rate of clinical chorioamnionitis when performed at a cervical effacement of less than 80% and an increased rate of cesarean delivery.

关键词： Amniotomy Cesarean Delivery Chorioamnionitis Induction of Labor Intraamniotic Infection Perinatal Infection Rupture of Membranes Term Pregnancy

Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett Isaac Y.Ligocki matthew G.Salena Marian Y.L.Wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

Comparing 11 early warning scores and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 273-282页

作者： Rex Pui Kin Lam Zonglin Dai Eric Ho Yin Lau Carrie Yuen Ting Ip Ho Ching Chan Lingyun Zhao Tat ChiTsang matthew Sik Hon Tsui Timothy Hudson Rainer Department of Emergency Medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Accident and Emergency Department Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the discriminatory performance of 11 vital sign-based early warning scores(EWSs)and three shock indices in early sepsis prediction in the emergency department(ED).METHODS:We performed a retrospective study on consecutive adult patients with an infection over 3 months in a public ED in Hong *** primary outcome was sepsis(Sepsis-3 definition)within 48 h of ED *** c-statistics and the DeLong test,we compared 11 EWSs,including the National Early Warning Score 2(NEWS2),Modified Early Warning Score,and Worthing Physiological Scoring System(WPS),etc.,and three shock indices(the shock index[SI],modified shock index[MSI],and diastolic shock index[DSI]),with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome(SIRS)and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(qSOFA)in predicting the primary outcome,intensive care unit admission,and mortality at different time ***:We analyzed 601 patients,of whom 166(27.6%)developed ***2 had the highest point estimate(area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUROC]0.75,95%CI 0.70-0.79)and was significantly better than SIRS,qSOFA,other EWSs and shock indices,except WPS,at predicting the primary ***,the pooled sensitivity and specificity of NEWS2≥5 for the prediction of sepsis were 0.45(95%CI 0.37-0.52)and 0.88(95%CI 0.85-0.91),*** discriminatory performance of all EWSs and shock indices declined when used to predict mortality at a more remote time ***:NEWS2 compared favorably with other EWSs and shock indices in early sepsis prediction but its low sensitivity at the usual cut-off point requires further modification for sepsis screening.

关键词： Sepsis Emergency department Clinical prediction rule Early warning score Shock index

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T lymphocyte proportion in Alzheimer’s disease prognosis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第26期12卷 6001-6003页

作者： matthew Willman Gopi Patel Brandon Lucke-Wold College of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States

Bai et al investigate the predictive value of T lymphocyte proportion in Alzheimer's disease(AD)*** a retrospective study involving 62 AD patients,they found that a decrease in T lymphocyte proportion correlated with a poorer prognosis,as indicated by higher modified Rankin scale *** the study highlights the potential of T lymphocyte proportion as a prognostic marker,it suggests the need for larger,multicenter studies to enhance generalizability and ***,future research could use cognitive exams when evaluating prognosis and delve into immune mechanisms underlying AD *** limitations inherent in retrospective designs,Bai et al's work contributes to understanding the immune system's role in AD prognosis,paving the way for further exploration in this under-researched area.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease T lymphocyte T lymphocyte proportion Alzheimer's disease prognosis Modified rankin scale Immune cell count Electroencephalogram Immune function