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Improving penaeid-trawl efficiencies via ground gear with tickler chains

Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第3期6卷 321-329页

作者： matt k.broadhurst NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentreSouthern Cross University2 Bay DriveCoffs HarbourNSW2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia

Penaeid trawls often have poor ecological efficiencies measured as unwanted bycatches(with high discard mortality)and<100%effectiveness for all penaeids interacting with the ground gear(with some escape mortality).Thi... 详细信息

Penaeid trawls often have poor ecological efficiencies measured as unwanted bycatches(with high discard mortality)andkler chain(4-mmØ)for improving efficiencies an Australian fishery diurnally targeting school,Metapenaeus macleayi and eastern king prawns,Penaeus *** were no treatment effects on wing-end spread and therefore areas *** of the tickler chain,increasing the ground-chainØreduced catches of total penaeids(by 14%)and jellyfish,Catostylus mosaicus(by 39%)-results speculatively attributed to variation in ground contact and/or a slightly higher footrope in trawls with the 10-mmØ*** comparison,installing the tickler chain had no effect on eastern king prawns,but increased catches of school prawns(by 1.13×)and bycatches of blue swimmer crabs,Portunus armatus(1.52×;a species with a low discard mortality)and jellyfish(1.23×),while reducing bycatches of two species with high discard mortalities:southern herring,Herklotsichthys castelnaui(by 38%)and squid,Uroteuthis sp.(37%).The results were attributed to the tickler chain producing(1)mechanical stimuli that augmented the capture of benthic-orientated school prawns(but not eastern king prawns owing to diel variations in emergence from the substrata),blue swimmer crabs and jellyfish;and(2)visual stimuli that possibly enabled some southern herring and squid to detect the trawl and *** data show tickler chains can improve trawl efficiency for penaeids with at least some positive effects on bycatch that should be rationalised in terms of species-specific vulnerabilities to unaccounted fishing mortality.

关键词： Ground-gear Penaeid Selectivity Tickler chain Trawling

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Refining tickler chains for penaeid trawls

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第1期7卷 80-88页

Tickler chains are simple additions to the ground gears of benthic trawls that can improve the catches of some target species,albeit with considerable *** purpose of this study was to decipher some of the technical variability associated with tickler chains used with generic,paired trawls targeting school prawns,Metapenaeus *** the first of two experiments,single tickler chains were either attached between the trawl otter boards or the wing ends and compared against each other and a control trawl(no tickler chain).Attaching the tickler chain to the otter boards significantly reduced wing-end spread and the trawled area without significantly affecting catches of school *** comparison,attaching the tickler chain to the wing ends maintained spread and resulted in significantly more school prawns being caught(by 1.11×)than in the control trawl,and also fewer numbers of one teleost species,pink-breasted siphonfish,Siphamia *** experiment two,a single tickler chain was compared against one with multiple chains and one with a double chain;all attached at the wing *** with the multiple-and double-tickler chains had the same wing-end spread as those with the single tickler chain,while retaining up to 1.17×more school prawns,and for the double-chain tickler,45%fewer southern herring,Herklotsichthys *** results are attributed to mechanical and visual stimuli affecting school prawns and some fish,respectively,and support maximising the surface area of tickler chains within the wing ends as a means for improving penaeid-trawl species selectivity without affecting swept area.

关键词： Ground gear Penaeid Selectivity Tickler chain Trawling

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Effects of twine material on the marine debris and relative ghost fishing of portunid hoop (tangle) nets

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第2期5卷 99-104页

作者： matt k.broadhurst Russell B.Millar NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentreCoffs Harbour2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia Department of Statistics The University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland1142New Zealand

Portunids are important to recreational fisheries in Australia and typically are harvested by baited *** of these baited gears are considered environmentally benign,although small conical hoop(tangle)nets fished in southeastern Australia sometimes are damaged and lose twine,which becomes marine *** conventional multifilament polyamide(PA)twine with alternative multi-monofilament and monofilament PA twines in hoop nets can dramatically reduce marine debris,but there remain unanswered questions concerning the relative fishing power of alternative twines among derelict hoop *** study addresses the shortfall in data by comparing the efficiencies and damage to replicate hoop nets made from the three twines and left to fish for short(one and two days),medium(three to five days)and long(ten and fourteen days)*** of twine material or soak time,all hoop nets entangled the same numbers of giant mud crabs,Scylla serrata implying catch saturation within two *** four other animals were caught(all yellowfin bream,Acanthopagrus australis)and all *** least some replicates of all hoop nets were damaged and lost twine,but this was greatest among the multifilament(up to a maximum of 9.3m hoop-net deployment−1),followed by the multi-monofilament(up to 7.4m hoop-net deployment−1)and monofilament hoop nets(1.4m hoop-net deployment−1).Replacing the existing multifilament twine in hoop nets with monofilament when targeting *** would maintain catches and minimise marine debris during conventional soaks,without increasing ghost fishing over the short term.

关键词： Bycatch Decapods Discard mortality Unaccounted fishing mortality

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Environmental variables affecting the gillnet catches and condition of Labiobarbus festivus and Osteochilus hasseltii in northern Malaysia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第6期7卷 675-682页

作者： Mustafizur M.Rahman Ahmad Fathi matt k.broadhurst Department of Marine Science International Islamic University Malaysia(IIUM)Jalan Sultan Ahmad ShahKuantanPahang25200Malaysia Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies IIUMKg.Cherok PalohKuantanPahang26160Malaysia Department of Biotechnology IIUMJalan Sultan Ahmad ShahKuantanPahang25200Malaysia NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentreSouthern Cross University2 Bay DriveCoffsHarbour2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia

The influences of technical factors on the catching efficiencies of gillnets are well understood,but less is known about the importance of environmental factors and how these might concurrently affect target-species *** we address this deficit for two economically important southeast Asian cyprinids(Labiobarbus festivus and Osteochilus hasseltii)during a one-year study at a key fishing location in Lake kenyir,*** gillnets(each 200 m long,2 m deep and comprising either 38-,51-,or 76-mm mesh)were deployed each month concurrent with sampling of benthic macroinvertebrates and various environmental *** multivariate analyses(detrended correspondence analysis,redundancy analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance)were used to explore potential relationships between the extrinsic variables(mesh size,sampling season,water quality and,based on known prey items,benthic macroinvertebrates)and gillnet catches and the biological condition(growth co-efficient and hepatosomatic index)of the target *** of ***(the most abundant species)were positively influenced by water turbidity without seasonal effects,while their biological condition was positively influenced by benthic macroinvertebrates(mostly Trichoptera)and the concentrations of DO and phosphate,and negatively influenced by water *** comparison,seasonal influences on the catches and biology of *** were somewhat size specific with positive and negative effects of the monsoon on small and large fish,*** abundance of phytoplankton also positively affected the catches of ***,while their biological condition was positively influenced by water temperature,but negatively influenced by water *** species-specific differences were attributed to life histories,and although the more abundant *** might be best sought during any period of turbidity,effort should be focused during the monsoon when individuals

关键词： Redundancy analysis PERMANOVA Growth co-efficient Water turbidity Phytoplankton abundance Benthos Lake kenyir

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Utility of gillnets for selectively targeting penaeids off Iran

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第1期7卷 74-79页

作者： Aref Hout Seyed Yousef Paighambari Morteza Eighani matt k.broadhurst Shannon M.Bayse Fisheries Department Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural ResourcesGorgan517212Iran New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentreSouthern Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSW2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia Fisheries and Marine Institute Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNLA1C 5R3Canada

In response to concerns over the mortality of discards and other negative environmental impacts of otter trawling for penaeids,the utility of bottom-set gillnets deployed by artisanal vessels to target Penaeus monodon,Metapenaeus affinis and other retained species by-product was assessed in the Sea of *** gillnets(each comprising several 80-m panels for total lengths of up to 1.3 km)were diurnally fished at two locations(off Beris and Govater,eastern Iran)within established penaeid fishing *** 30 days,the total catch was 2721 kg,comprising penaeids(981 kg),eight retained by-product species(598 kg and mostly Otolithes ruber,Cynoglossus bilinearus and Carangoides talamparoides)and 19 discarded species(1142 kg).The catch-per-unit-of-effort(CPUE,kg/gillnet-panel⋅hour-fished)of targeted penaeids and by-product varied significantly between areas(0.5-1.0 kg),but nevertheless reached economically viable *** CPUEs of total bycatch were similar at both sites(kg)and no marine turtles were *** concomitant ratios of retained-catches-to-bycatch were considerably less than those for regional penaeid-trawl ***,while gillnet selectivity was satisfactory for ***,most of the *** were smaller than their carapace length at maturity at both fished *** results support using gillnets to target penaeids and by-product species as an alternative to otter trawling in the Sea of Oman;albeit with ongoing assessments of modifications to maximise selectivity.

关键词： Shrimp Gillnet Catch rate Bycatch Small-scale fisheries

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Optimising mesh size with escape gaps in a dual-species portunid-trap fishery

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第6期5卷 308-316页

作者： matt k.broadhurst Daniel J.Tolhurst Brian Hughes Vincent Raoult Timothy M.Smith Troy F.Gaston NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentrePO Box 4321Coffs HarbourNSW2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary Studies University of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH259RGUnited Kingdom Hunter Local Land Services PO Box 440TareeNSW2430Australia School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of NewcastleOurimbahNSW2258Australia

In south-eastern Australia,the same baited,round traps(comprising 50–57-mm mesh netting)are used to target giant mud,Scylla serrata and blue swimmer crabs,Portunus armatus in spatially separated *** fisheries are characterised by the common,problematic discarding of undersized portunids(<85 and 65 mm carapace length;CL for *** and ***)and fish(yellowfin bream,Acanthopagrus australis).This poor selectivity was addressed here in two experiments assessing the utility of(1)traps partially or completely covered in larger mesh(91 mm to match the minimum legal size of the smaller ***),and then(2)any cumulative benefits of fitting species-specific escape *** experiment 1,there were no differences among catches of legal-sized portunids associated with either partial,or complete trap coverage with larger *** of mesh coverage,both designs of 91-mm traps also retained significantly fewer(by up to 42%)undersized *** and *** experiment 2,replicate traps completely covered in 91-mm mesh were tested against conventional traps comprising 56-mm mesh,and traps with the same mesh sizes,but also three escape gaps configured for either ***(46×120 mm)or ***(36×120 mm)(*** treatments in total).All modified traps maintained catches of legal-sized ***,and only the 91-mm traps with escape gaps caught fewer legal-sized *** undersized ***,*** and ***(mean catches reduced by up to 49%)were retained in all larger-meshed than small-meshed traps,and in all of those traps with escape gaps(by up to 95%)than *** there were no significant cumulative benefits of escape gaps in largermeshed traps(measured by a statistical interaction),there was a trend of fewer unwanted catches *** data support configuring portunid traps with mesh sizes matching the morphology of the smallest legal-sized target ***,simply retroactively fitting escape gaps in existing,smaller-m

关键词： Bycatch Escape gap Mesh size Portunid

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Fitness Sharing Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization (FSCPSO): A Metaheuristic Approach for Allocating Dynamic Virtual Machine (VM) in Fog Computing Architecture

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2557-2578页

作者： Prasanna kumar kannughatta Ranganna Siddesh Gaddadevara matt Chin-Ling Chen Ananda Babu Jayachandra Yong-Yuan Deng Department of Computer Science&Engineering Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India Department of Artificial Intelligence&Data Science Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India School of Information Engineering Changchun Sci-Tech UniversityChangchun130600China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan Department of Information Science and Engineering Malnad College of EngineeringHassan573202India

In recent decades,fog computing has played a vital role in executing parallel computational tasks,specifically,scientific workflow *** cloud data centers,fog computing takes more time to run workflow ***,it is essential to develop effective models for Virtual Machine(VM)allocation and task scheduling in fog computing *** task scheduling,VM migration,and allocation,altogether optimize the use of computational resources across different fog *** process ensures that the tasks are executed with minimal energy consumption,which reduces the chances of resource *** this manuscript,the proposed framework comprises two phases:(i)effective task scheduling using a fractional selectivity approach and(ii)VM allocation by proposing an algorithm by the name of Fitness Sharing Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization(FSCPSO).The proposed FSCPSO algorithm integrates the concepts of chaos theory and fitness sharing that effectively balance both global exploration and local *** balance enables the use of a wide range of solutions that leads to minimal total cost and makespan,in comparison to other traditional optimization *** FSCPSO algorithm’s performance is analyzed using six evaluation measures namely,Load Balancing Level(LBL),Average Resource Utilization(ARU),total cost,makespan,energy consumption,and response *** relation to the conventional optimization algorithms,the FSCPSO algorithm achieves a higher LBL of 39.12%,ARU of 58.15%,a minimal total cost of 1175,and a makespan of 85.87 ms,particularly when evaluated for 50 tasks.

关键词： Fog computing fractional selectivity approach particle swarm optimization algorithm task scheduling virtual machine allocation

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Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： Ross Tucker matt Cross keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon kemp Stephen West Martin Raftery Eanna Falvey James Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa World Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Uk Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(UkCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTP may be ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).Worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP *** may guide a more conservative approach to RTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko matt N.krosch Francesca Strutt karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark k.Schutze Mark J.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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Using tickler chains to promote more environmentally benign trawls in an Australian penaeid fishery

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第3期8卷 316-322页

作者： matt.k.broadhurst Daniel J.Tolhurst NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentreSouthern Cross University2 Bay DriveCoffs HarbourNSW2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary Studies University of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH259RGUnited Kingdom

There has been an increasing emphasis on reducing the environmental impacts of penaeid trawls by modifying their anterior *** one Australian estuary,this approach has culminated in a new generic trawl comprising a slightly smaller mesh size,and steeper and shorter side panels than traditional trawls,combined with a top panel extending forwards of the bottom panel(termed‘lead-ahead’)and no headline *** study sought to investigate if an additional simple,cumulative modification(tickler chain)might help promote adoption of the new trawl,via improved penaeid *** volunteer fishers towing pairs of either the traditional or new trawls in double rigs were asked if an observer could accompany fishing trips,and alternately attach a light tickler chain(~3 kg)anterior to the ground gear of one *** of the trawl design,the tickler chains significantly increased the catch weights of penaeids,but relatively more so in the new trawls(by 1.11×vs 1.08×).The tickler chains also significantly increased the number and weight of total bycatch in the traditional trawls(by up to 1.22×),but not in the new trawls-although there were variable species-specific *** terms of total effects,the data support using tickler chains to increase the efficiency of the new trawls and their cumulative benefits,and could be promoted to facilitate broader inter-and intra-fleet adoption.

关键词： Ground-gear Penaeid Selectivity Tickler chain Trawling

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