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Characteristic Duties of Critical Care Nurses in Japan: A Time-Study Comparison with Neurology Ward Nurses

Open Journal of Nursing 2016年第12期6卷 1038-1051页

作者： Yumiko Yatomi Tomoko Inoue Yuko kawamoto Department of Critical Invasive-Palliative Care Nursing Graduate School of Health Care Science Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan National College of Nursing Japan Tokyo Japan

Background: The importance of the acute phase in hospitals has been increasing. While administering high-level critical care, the working styles of critical care nurses, the types of clinical care they provide, and the way in which they prioritize tasks, remain unclear. Aim of this study was to elucidate the characteristic duties of critical care nurses through a comparison with neurological ward nurses. Methods: We recorded the duties of critical care nurses and neurology ward nurses (10 each) using a time-study design. Duties were measured separately by action, classified using a classification table, and differences between the two groups were compared. Results: No differences in the number of actions were observed between the two groups. The top five items that required the most time for critical care nurses were, “Movement”, “Administration and oxygen management”, “Handover process/Doctor’s rounds”, “Preparation for entry and exit management of patients”, and “Bed bathing (for bedbound patients)”. Of the 195 items, significant differences between the groups were noted for 34 items, while the duties of critical care nurses were best characterized by bed bathing (for bedbound patients), changing position, confirmation of infusion tubes, handover process/doctor’s rounds, and preparation for entry and exit management of patients. Conclusion: A characteristic of critical care nurses is that they must remain near patients and perform tasks while moving only a short distance. Moreover, the promotion of tasks while communicating with physicians is presumed to play a role in the promotion of team medicine. Furthermore, much time was spent caring for patients in bed, and a lot of time was devoted to the preparation and finalizing of treatments and care, suggesting the possibility that more time can be spent on caring for patients through a revision of duties.

关键词： Critical Care Nurse Time-Study Neurology Ward Nurse

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Intestinal ascariasis at pediatric emergency room in a developed country

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第38期20卷 14058-14062页

作者： Shuichiro Umetsu Tsuyoshi Sogo Kentaro Iwasawa Takeo Kondo Tomoyuki Tsunoda Manari Oikawa-kawamoto Haruki Komatsu Ayano Inui Tomoo Fujisawa Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital Department of Pediatrics Toho University Medical CenterSakura Hospital

Ascaris lumbricoides infection is rare among children in developed *** large numbers of adult Ascaris in the small intestine can cause various abdominal symptoms,this infection remains asymptomatic until the number of worms in the intestine considerably increases in most *** causing bilious vomiting suggesting ileus is rare,especially in developed countries.A 6-year-old boy who lived in Japan,presented with abdominal colic,bilious vomiting at the pediatric emergency *** appeared pale,and had no abdominal distention,tenderness,palpable abdominal mass,or findings of *** experienced bilious vomiting again during a physical *** tests showed mild elevation of white blood cells and C-reactive protein *** of adenovirus,rotavirus,and norovirus were not detected from his stool,and stool culture showed normal *** showed multiple,round-shaped structures within the small intestine,and a tubular structure in a longitudinal scan of the small *** endoscopy showed a moving worm of Ascaris in the *** ascariasis should be considered as a cause of bilious vomiting in children,even at the emergency room in industrial *** examination and capsule endoscopy are useful for diagnosis of pediatric intestinal ascariasis.

关键词： Ascaris lumbricoides Paralytic ileus Capsule endoscopy Ultrasound Bilious vomiting

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High-pressure phase transitions of anorthosite crust in the Earth's deep mantle

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1859-1870页

作者： masayuki Nishi Steeve Gréaux Shigehiko Tateno Yasuhiro Kuwayama Kenji Kawai Tetsuo Irifune Shigenori Maruyama Geodynamics Research Centre Ehime UniversityEhime 790-8577Japan Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 152-8550Japan Institute for Planetary Materials Okayama UniversityMisasaTottori 682-0193Japan Department of Earth Planetary Science School of ScienceUniversity of Tokyo113-0033 Hongo 7-3-1BunkyoTokyoJapan Novosibirsk State University Pirogova 1630090Russia

We investigated phase relations, mineral chemistry, and density of lunar highland anorthosite at conditions up to 125 GPa and 2000 K. We used a multi-anvil apparatus and a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell for this purpose. In-situ X-ray diffraction measurements at high pressures and composition analysis of recovered samples using an analytical transmission electron microscope showed that anorthosite consists of garnet,CaAl_4Si_2O_(11)-rich phase(CAS phase), and SiO_2 phases in the upper mantle and the mantle transition *** lower mantle conditions, these minerals transform to the assemblage of bridgmanite, Ca-perovskite,corundum, stishovite, and calcium ferrite-type aluminous phase through the decomposition of garnet and CAS phase at around 700 km depth. Anorthosite has a higher density than PREM and pyrolite in the upper mantle, while its density becomes comparable or lower under lower mantle conditions. Our results suggest that ancient anorthosite crust subducted down to the deep mantle was likely to have accumulated at660-720 km in depth without coming back to the Earth's surface. Some portions of the anorthosite crust might have circulated continuously in the Earth's deep interior by mantle convection and potentially subducted to the bottom of the lower mantle when carried within layers of dense basaltic rocks.

关键词： Anorthosite Phase transformation Multi-anvil apparatus Diamond-anvil cell Mantle dynamics

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Modified Ramsey Rule and Optimal Carbon Tax

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2016年第2期6卷 267-272页

作者： masayuki Otaki Institute of Social Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

The Ramsey rule is regarded as a convenient vehicle for estimating the social discount rate in general. Carbon pricing is treated as another theory of environmental economics. This study clarifies the theoretical relationship between the Ramsey rule and optimal carbon price, which has been overlooked in the existing research. It succeeds in deriving the optimal carbon price from the modified Ramsey rule in stationary state. Since the Ramsey rule decides the dynamics of an economy and a stationary state is its destination, by using the optimization condition of individual who are assumed to live infinitesimally short life, we can solve the optimal carbon price at stationary state.

关键词： Modified Ramsey Rule Optimal Carbon Price Social Discount Rate Carbon Cycle

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Mycotoxins are conventional and novel risk biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第17期19卷 2587-2590页

作者： Yasunobu Matsuda Toshifumi Wakai masayuki Kubota Mami Osawa Ayumi Sanpei Shun Fujimaki Department of Medical Technology Niigata University Graduate Schoo of Health Sciences Division of Digestive and General Surgery Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Division of Pediatric Surgery Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant disease with poor prognosis. To improve the clinical outcome, early diagnosis of HCC arising from nonviral agents and hepatitis virus is important. Among several etiological factors, mycotoxins defined as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) might be one of the critical risk factors for nonviral HCC. Aflatoxin B1 is the most well-known carcinogenic mycotoxin for HCC, but the role of the other types of mycotoxin remains unclear. Several studies have reported that a chromatographic separation technique based on high-performance liquid chromatography can successfully detect the concentration of mycotoxins in plasma. Recently, serum level of ochratoxin A (OTA), a widely distributed mycotoxin classified as Group 2B by IARC, was evaluated in HCC patients in Egypt. The results suggested that serum OTA levels might be a good biomarker for HCC. In this article, we review recent studies of OTA, and discuss its possible significance as a biomarker of HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Mycotoxin Aflatoxin Ochratoxin High-performance liquid chromatography

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Benefits and limitations of middle bile duct segmental resection for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第2期19卷 147-152页

作者： masayuki Akita Tetsuo Ajiki Kimihiko Ueno Daisuke Tsugawa Motofumi Tanaka Masahiro Kido Hirochika Toyama Takumi Fukumoto Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobe650-0017Japan

Background:Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)is a standardized strategy for patients with middle and distal bile duct *** aim of this study was to compare clinicopathological features of bile duct segmen-tal resection(BDR)with PD in patients with extrahepatic ***:Consecutive cases with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who underwent BDR(n=21)or PD(n=84)with achievement of R0 or R1 resection in Kobe University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2016 were enrolled in the present ***:Patients who underwent PD were significantly younger than those receiving *** frequency of preoperative jaundice,biliary drainage and cholangitis was not significantly different between the two *** duration of surgery was longer and there was more intraoperative bleeding in the PD than in the BDR group(553 vs.421 min,and 770 vs.402 mL;both PClavien-DindoⅢa)were observed in the PD group(46%vs.10%,P<0.01).Postoperative hospital stay was also longer in that group(30 vs.19 days,P=0.02).Pathological assessment revealed that tumors were less advanced in the BDR group but the rate of lymph node metastasis was similar in both groups(33%in BDR and 48%in PD,P=0.24).The rate of R0 resection was significantly higher in the PD group(80%vs.38%,P<0.01).Adjuvant chemotherapy was more frequently administered to patients in the BDR group(62%vs.38%,P=0.04).Although 5-year overall survival rates were similar in both groups(44%for BDR and 51%for PD,P=0.72),in patients with T1 and T2,the BDR group tended to have poorer prognosis(44%vs.68%at 5-year,P=0.09).Conclusions:BDR was comparable in prognosis to PD in middle bile duct *** invasiveness and lower morbidity of BDR justified this technique for selected patients in a poor general condition.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Middle bile duct resection Pancreaticoduodenectomy

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How Can We Train Beginner Therapists？—Through the Therapist Centered Training for Beginner Therapists

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Psychology Research 2017年第8期7卷 463-470页

作者： Masahiro Shirai Yoshino Matsumoto Mihoko kawamoto Shigakukan University Kagoshima Japan Free-lance Psychotherapist Kagoshima University Graduate School Kagoshima Japan

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Fast Face Detection with Multi-Scale Window Search Free from Image Resizing Using SGI Features

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2016年第10期4卷 22-29页

作者： masayuki Miyama Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan

Face detection is applied to many tasks such as auto focus control, surveillance, user interface, and face recognition. Processing speed and detection accuracy of the face detection have been improved continuously. This paper describes a novel method of fast face detection with multi-scale window search free from image resizing. We adopt statistics of gradient images (SGI) as image features and append an overlapping cell array to improve detection accuracy. The SGI feature is scale invariant and insensitive to small difference of pixel value. These characteristics enable the multi-scale window search without image resizing. Experimental results show that processing speed of our method is 3.66 times faster than a conventional method, adopting HOG features combined to an SVM classifier, without accuracy degradation.

关键词： Face Detection Multi-Scale Window Search Resizing Free SGI Feature

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Antithrombin reduces reperfusion-induced hepatic metastasis of colon cancer cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第1期12卷 60-65页

作者： Masanao Kurata Kenji Okajima Toru kawamoto Mitsuhiro Uchiba Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Department of Surgery Functional and Regulatory Medical SciencesGraduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity ofTsukubaTsukubaJapan Department of Biodefense Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya City UniversityNagoyaJapan Department of Diagnostic Medicine Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan

AIM： To examine whether antithrombin （AT） could prevent hepatic ischemia/reperfusion （I/R）-induced hepatic metastasis by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α-induced expression of E-selectin in rats. METHODS： Hepatic I/R was induced in rats and mice by clamping the left branches of the portal vein and the hepatic artery. Cancer cells were injected intrasplenically. The number of metastatic nodules was counted on day 7 after I/R. TNF-α and E-selectin mRNA in hepatic tissue, serum fibrinogen degradation products and hepatic tissue levels of 6-keto-PGF1α, a stable metabolite of PGI2, were measured. RESULTS： AT inhibited increases in hepatic metastasis of tumor cells and hepatic tissue mRNA levels of TNF-α and E-selectin in animals subjected to hepatic I/R. Argatroban, a thrombin inhibitor, did not suppress any of these changes. Both AT and argatroban inhibited I/R-induced coagulation abnormalities. I/R-induced increases of hepatic tissue levels of 6-keto-PGF1α were significantly enhanced by AT. Pretreatment with indomethacin completely reversed the effects of AT. Administration of OP-2507, a stable PGI2 analog, showed effects similar to those of AT in this model. Hepatic metastasis in congenital AT-deficient mice subjected to hepatic I/R was significantly increased compared to that observed in wild-type mice. Administration of AT significantly reduced the number of hepatic metastases in congenital AT-deficient mice. CONCLUSION： AT might reduce I/R-induced hepatic metastasis of colon cancer cells by inhibiting TNF-α-induced expression of E-selectin through an increase in the endothelial production of PGI2. These findings also raise the possibility that AT might prevent hepatic metastasis of tumor cells if administered during the resection of liver tumors.

关键词： Antithrombin,reperfusion Metastasis factor-aE-selectin Hepatic ischemia/Prostacyclin Tumor necrosis factor-α

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Easy MPE:Extraction of Quality Microplot Images for UAV-Based High-Throughput Field Phenotyping

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Plant Phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 30-38页

作者： Léa Tresch Yue Mu Atsushi Itoh Akito Kaga Kazunori Taguchi masayuki Hirafuji Seishi Ninomiya Wei Guo International Field Phenomics Research Laboratory Institute for Sustainable Agro-Ecosystem ServicesGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan 2Montpellier SupAgroMontpellierFrance 3Plant Phenomics Research CenterNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina 4Memuro Upland Farming Research StationHokkaido Agricultural Research CenterNational Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationHokkaidoJapan 5Institute of Crop ScienceNational Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba CityIbarakiJapan

Microplot extraction(PE)is a necessary image processing step in unmanned aerial vehicle-(UAV-)based research on breeding *** present,it is manually using ArcGIS,QGIS,or other GIS-based software,but achieving the desired accuracy is *** therefore developed an intuitive,easy-to-use semiautomatic program for MPE called Easy MPE to enable researchers and others to access reliable plot data UAV images of whole fields under variable field *** program uses four major steps:(1)binary segmentation,(2)microplot extraction,(3)production of∗.shp files to enable further file manipulation,and(4)projection of individual microplots generated from the orthomosaic back onto the raw aerial UAV images to preserve the image *** rows were successfully identified in all trial *** performance of the proposed method was evaluated by calculating the intersection-over-union(IOU)ratio between microplots determined manually and by Easy MPE:the average IOU(±SD)of all trials was 91%(±3).

关键词： enable image union

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