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A plant growth chamber system equipped with aerosol generators for studying aerosol-vegetation interactions

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 122-132页

作者： masao Gen Seiji Ikawa Masahiro Yamaguchi Fong Zyin Lim Takeshi Izuta I.Wuled Lenggoro Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki852-8521Japan Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509 Japan Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan

Understanding aerosol-vegetation interactions is vital in ***,the interactions remain elusive partly due to the lack of suitable plant growth chamber ***,deposition of submicron particles on leaf surfaces is challenging due to its low deposition velocities compared to larger *** this work,we present a plant-growth chamber that was used to study the effect of sub-micron black carbon(BC)particles on the growth and photosynthesis of *** chamber system simultaneously enables the growth of multiple plants in pots and the deposition of submicron particles onto *** spraying methods assisted by ultrasonic and electrostatic forces were employed as aerosol generators to realize the particle *** flow regime inside the chamber was numeri-cally calculated to predict the transportation of aerosol particles,suggesting the optimal operating conditions of the *** gas-phase particle size distribution measurements showed that gener-ated BC particles were suspended in submicron diameter *** aerosol generators were examined in the chamber using three conductor and insulator substrates as a model of plant *** observations and spectroscopic analysis ascertained that submicron BC particles generated from our generators were deposited on all substrate *** the developed chamber system,systematic studies can be performed to advance the fundamental understanding of aerosol-vegetation interactions.

关键词： Aerosol Exposure chamber Spray drying Black carbon

Achievable hole concentration at room temperature as a function of Mg concentration for MOCVD-grown p-GaN after sufficient annealing

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第8期45卷 67-73页

作者： Siyi Huang masao Ikeda Feng Zhang Minglong Zhang Jianjun Zhu Shuming Zhang Jianping Liu School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China

Relationship between the hole concentration at room temperature and the Mg doping concentration in p-GaN grown by MOCVD after sufficient annealing was studied in this *** annealing conditions were applied to obtain sufficient activation for p-GaN samples with different Mg doping *** concentration,resistivity and mobility were characterized by room-temperature Hall *** Mg doping concentration and the residual impurities such as H,C,O and Si were measured by secondary ion mass spectroscopy,confirming negligible compensations by the *** hole concentration,resistivity and mobility data are presented as a function of Mg concentration,and are compared with literature *** appropriate curve relating the Mg doping concentration to the hole concentration is derived using a charge neutrality equation and the ionized-acceptor-density[N-(A)^(-)](cm^(−3))dependent ionization energy of Mg acceptor was determined asE_(A)^(Mg)=184−2.66×10^(−5)×[N_(A)^(-)]1/3 meV.

关键词： p-GaN hole concentration electrical properties annealing ionization energy

Effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for acute esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with band ligation: A large observational study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 238-251页

作者： Chikamasa Ichita Sayuri Shimizu Tadahiro Goto Uojima Haruki Naoya Itoh masao Iwagami Akiko Sasaki Gastroenterology Medicine Center Shonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakura 247-8533KanagawaJapan Department of Health Data Science Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0027KanagawaJapan TXP Research TXP Medical Co.Ltd.Chiyoda-ku 101-0042TokyoJapan Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics School of Public HealthThe University of TokyoBunkyo-ku 113-0033TokyoJapan Department of Genome Medical Sciences Project Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineIchikawa 272-8516ChibaJapan Division of Infectious Diseases Aichi Cancer CenterNagoya 464-8681AichiJapan Department of Health Services Research Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8575IbarakiJapan

BACKGROUND Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication associated with liver cirrhosis and typically necessitates endoscopic *** current standard treatment is endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL),and Western guidelines recom-mend antibiotic prophylaxis following ***,given the impro-vements in prognosis for variceal bleeding due to advancements in the management of bleeding and treatments of liver cirrhosis and the global concerns regarding the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria,there is a need to reassess the use of routine antibiotic prophylaxis after *** To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients treated for *** We conducted a 13-year observational study using the Tokushukai medical database across 46 *** were divided into the prophylaxis group(received antibiotics on admission or the next day)and the non-prophylaxis group(did not receive antibiotics within one day of admission).The primary outcome was composed of 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,and 4-wk spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP).The secondary outcomes were each individual result and in-hospital mortality.A logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used.A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the Child-Pugh classification to determine its influence on the primary outcome measures,while sensitivity analyses for antibiotic type and duration were also *** Among 980 patients,790 were included(prophylaxis:232,non-prophylaxis:558).Most patients were males under the age of 65 years with a median Child-Pugh score of *** composite primary outcomes occurred in 11.2%of patients in the prophylaxis group and 9.5%in the non-prophylaxis *** significant differences in outcomes were observed between the groups(adjusted odds ratio,1.11;95%confidence interval,0.61-1.99;P=0.74).Individual outcomes such as 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,4-wk onset of SBP,and in-hospital mo

关键词： Esophageal varices Endoscopic hemostasis Antibiotic prophylaxis Liver cirrhosis Inverse probability of treatment weighting

Inverse relationship between platelet Akt activity and hippocampal atrophy:A pilot case-control study in patients with diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 302-313页

作者： Haruhiko tokuda Takamitsu Hori Daisuke Mizutani Tomoyuki Hioki Kumi Kojima Takashi Onuma Yukiko Enomoto Tomoaki Doi Rie Matsushima-Nishiwaki Shinji Ogura Hiroki Iida Toru Iwama Takashi Sakurai Osamu Kozawa Department of Metabolic Research Research InstituteNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObu 474-8511Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory National Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObu 474-8511Japan Department of Pharmacology Gifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifu 501-1194Japan Department of Neurosurgery Gifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifu 501-1194Japan Department of Dermatology Central Japan International Medical CenterMinokamo 505-8510Japan Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifu 501-1194Japan Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ToyamaToyama 930-0194Japan Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifu 501-1194Japan Research Institute National Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObu 474-8511Japan

BACKGROUND Akt plays diverse roles in *** is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),which is caused by insulin *** also plays a vital role in human platelet ***,the hippocampus is closely associated with memory and learning,and a decrease in hippocampal volume is reportedly associated with an insulin-resistant phenotype in T2DM patients without *** To investigate the relationship between Akt phosphorylation in unstimulated platelets and the hippocampal volume in T2DM *** Platelet-rich plasma(PRP)was prepared from the venous blood of patients with T2DM or age-matched *** pellet lysate of the centrifuged PRP was subjected to western blotting to analyse the phosphorylation of Akt,p38 mitogen-activated protein(MAP)kinase and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Phosphorylation levels were quantified by densitometric *** volume was analysed using a voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer’s disease on magnetic resonance imaging,which proposes the Z-score as a parameter that reflects hippocampal *** The levels of phosphorylated Akt corrected with phosphorylated p38 MAP kinase were inversely correlated with the Z-scores in the T2DM subjects,whereas the levels of phosphorylated Akt corrected with GAPDH were ***,this relationship was not observed in the control *** These results suggest that an inverse relationship may exist between platelet Akt activation and hippocampal atrophy in T2DM *** findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying T2DM hippocampal atrophy.

关键词： Akt Platelet Hippocampal atrophy Magnetic resonance imaging Diabetes mellitus

No-touch isolation technique in emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy for neoplastic hemorrhage: Two case reports and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1910-1917页

作者： Akihiro Cho Satoshi Katagiri masao Ota Shunsuke Onizawa Ryota Higuchi Toshiya Sugishita Yukiko Niwa Takeshi Ishita Toshihiko Mouri Akita Kato Moe Iwata Division of Gastroenterological Surgery Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityYachiyo Medical CenterChiba 276-8524Japan

BACKGROUND Emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy(EPD)is a rare event for complex periam-pullary *** intraoperative blood loss is correlated with poor post-operative *** SUMMARY Two patients underwent EPD using a no-touch isolation technique,in which all arteries supplying the pancreatic head region were ligated and divided before manipulation of the pancreatic head and *** operative times were 220 and 239 min,and the blood loss was 70 and 270 g,*** patients were discharged on the 14^(th) and 10^(th) postoperative day,***-two patients underwent EPD for the treatment of neoplastic *** mean operative time was 361.6 min,and the mean blood loss was 747.3 *** comp-lication rate was 37.5%.The in-hospital mortality rate was 9.38%.CONCLUSION The no-touch isolation technique is feasible,safe,and effective for reducing intraoperative blood loss in EPD.

关键词： No-touch isolation technique Pancreaticoduodenectomy Emergency pancre-aticoduodenectomy Neoplastic bleeding Superior mesenteric artery first approach Case report

Controllable step-flow growth of GaN on patterned freestanding substrate

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第2期45卷 46-50页

作者： Peng Wu Jianping Liu Lei Hu Xiaoyu Ren Aiqin Tian Wei Zhou Fan Zhang Xuan Li masao Ikeda Hui Yang Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A new kind of step-flow growth mode is proposed,which adopts sidewall as step source on patterned GaN *** terrace width of steps originated from the sidewall was found to change with the growth temperature and ammonia *** growth mechanism is explained and simulated based on step motion *** work helps better understand the behaviors of step advancement and puts forward a method of precisely modulating atomic steps.

关键词： step-flow growth GaN terrace width step motion

Flow Behavior in Z-Path Fluidized-Moving Bed with Inclined Perforated Plate

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2002年第1期9卷 19-24页

作者： GUO Zhan-cheng tokuda Masanori Institute of Process Engineering CAS Center for Northeast Asia Studies Tohoku University

Much researches on the operation and structure of tundish were carried out at Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co Ltd to increase the yield of grade 20 carbon steel on the continuous casting production line. Through analyzing formation mechanism of pinholes and non metallic inclusions in billets and describing pattern of the flow of molten steel in tundish by a mathematic model, it was shown that the structure and operation of tundishes play an important part in product quality. So some measures were taken as follows: (1) Optimizing the tundish construction to decrease the impact of liquid steel and lengthening the residence time of liquid steel for homogenization of liquid steel; (2) Improving the influent and effluent operation of liquid steel to avoid the contact of liquid steel with air in order to decrease reoxidation; (3) Reducing over heat during continuous casting. After above measures being taken, the yield of grade 20 carbon steel and the service life of equipment were improved remarkably.

关键词： carbon steel continuous casting quality tundish

Onsager principle as a tool for approximation

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第2期24卷 1-6页

作者： masao Doi Center of Soft Matter Physics and Its Applications Beihang University

Onsager principle is the variational principle proposed by Onsager in his celebrated paper on the reciprocal *** principle has been shown to be useful in deriving many evolution equations in soft matter *** the principle is shown to be useful in solving such equations *** examples are discussed：the diffusion dynamics and gel *** examples show that the present method is novel and gives new results which capture the essential dynamics in the system.

关键词： reciprocal relation dissipation function Rayleighian slow variable diffusion dynamics gel dynamics

Distribution characteristics and source identification of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans,and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in the waters from River Kanzaki,running through Osaka urban area,Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第3期25卷 441-451页

作者： masao Kishida Research Institute of Environment Agricultureand FisheriesOsaka Prefecture1-3-62 NakamichiHigashinari-kuOsaka 537-0025Japan Commerce and Industry Promotion Office Department of CommerceIndustry and LaborOsaka Prefectural GovernmentSakishima Building1-14-16 NankohkitaSuminoe-kuOsaka 559-8555Japan

This is the first to elucidate the distribution and sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans （PCDD/PCDFs）,and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in the waters from Kanzaki River,which is one of the most heavily polluted rivers in *** World Health Organization （WHO）-toxic equivalent quantities （TEQs） in waters from the mainstream exceeded the Japanese environmental standard （1.0 pg-TEQ/L）.The PCDD/PCDFs were dominated by highly chlorinated DFs,which predominantly contributed to the WHO-TEQs,suggesting that the main causes would be the incineration-related *** find the sources,the dioxin congener concentrations in water and sediment samples from its tributary small waterways were *** high WHO-TEQs were detected in a water （50 pg-TEQ/L） and a sediment sample （41,000 ng-TEQ/kg dry weight） near the industrial solid waste incinerators （ISWIs）.The PCDD/PCDF characteristics agreed well with those of the incinerator-related wastes as seen in the *** facts indicate that the dioxin pollution in the mainstream could be largely related to the industrial wastes from the ***,a TEQ apportionment method was used to understand the contribution of the pyrogenic sources to the *** average contribution ratios of the pyrogenic sources to WHO-TEQs were more than 80% for river waters from the mainstream,indicating that the elevated WHO-TEQs in the mainstream had been largely caused by the ISWIs.

关键词： incinerator-related wastes Kanzaki River Basin river water sediment source identification