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Histopathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15539-15548页

作者： Yoshihisa takahashi Toshio Fukusato Department of Pathology Teikyo University School of Medicine

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is the most common chronic liver disease, and the prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), the severe form of NAFLD, can progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Although noninvasive clinical scores and image-based diagnosis for NAFLD have improved, histopathological evaluation of biopsy specimens remains the gold standard for diagnosing NAFLD/NASH. Steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning are all necessary components for the diagnosis of NASH; fibrosis is also typically observed. Other histopathological abnormalities commonly observed in NASH include hepatocellular glycogenated nuclei, lipogranulomas, and acidophil bodies. The characteristics of pediatric NAFLD/NASH differ from adult NAFLD/NASH. Specifically, steatosis and portal inflammation are more severe in pediatric NAFLD, while intralobular inflammation and perisinusoidal fibrosis are milder. Although interobserver agreement for evaluating the extent of steatosis and fibrosis is high, agreement is low for intralobular and portal inflammation. A recently reported histological variant of HCC, steatohepatitic HCC(SH-HCC), showsfeatures that resemble non-neoplastic steatohepatitis,and is thought to be strongly associated with underlying *** this report,we review the histopathological features of NAFLD/NASH.

关键词： Histopathology Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Pediatric Interobserver variation

Slip Flow on Graphene:Current Status and Perspective

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第4期31卷 1115-1134页

作者： CHEN Kuan-Ting LI Qin-Yi takahashi Koji Department ofAeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research(WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan

Fast fluid transport on graphene has attracted a growing body of research due to a wide range of potential applications including thermal management,water desalination,energy harvesting,and ***,we critically review the theoretical,simulational,and experimental progress regarding the fluid slippage on *** on the summary of the past studies,we give perspectives on future research directions towards complete understanding and practical applications of slip flow on graphene.

关键词： slip flow graphene nanochannel simulation experiment

Comparison of magnitude and summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism vector according to incision site after phakic intraocular lens implantation

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Eye and Vision 2021年第6期8卷 317-323页

作者： Kazutaka Kamiya Wakako Ando Masahide takahashi Nobuyuki Shoji Visual Physiology School of Allied Health SciencesKitasato University1‑15‑1 KitasatoMinamiSagamiharaKanagawa 252‑0373Japan Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineKitasato UniversitySagamiharaJapan

Background:To compare the arithmetic mean(M-SIA)and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism(SVM-SIA)according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens(Visian implantable collamer lens(ICL),STAAR Surgical)***:This study comprised 121 eyes of 121 consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery through a 3.0-mm temporal or superior clear corneal *** magnitude and the axis of corneal astigmatism preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were measured using an automated *** M-SIA and the SVM-SIA were determined according to the incision ***:The magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 1.23±0.59 D preoperatively to 1.46±0.72 D postoperatively in the temporal incision group(Wilcoxon signed-rank test,P<0.001),but it significantly decreased from 1.09±0.36 D preoperatively to 0.86±0.41 D postoperatively in the superior incision group(P<0.001).The M-SIA was 0.48±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.23±0.52 D at a meridian of 82°in the temporal incision *** M-SIA was 0.57±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.47±0.45 D at a meridian of 1°in the superior incision ***:ICL implantation induces the M-SIA by approximately 0.5 D,but the SVM-SIA decreased to 50%and 80%of the M-SIA in magnitude through temporal and superior incisions,*** direction of the SVM-SIA showed a tendency toward corneal flattening to the incisional *** should be noted that the M-SIA is somewhat different from the SVM-SIA according to the incision site.

关键词： Surgically induced astigmatism Corneal astigmatism Mean Summated vector mean Centroid Vector analysis Temporal incision Superior incision ICL implantation

CREB-binding proteins (CBP) as a transcriptional coactivator of GATA-2

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 191-198页

作者： TOMOMI takahashi TORU Nakano Department of Pathology Medical School and Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences Osaka University Yamada-oka 2-2 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan

The GATA family consists of six members, GATA 1-6. In this study, we focused on GATA-2, which is expressed predominantly in hematopoietic progenitor cells and plays the key role in keeping these cells in the undifferentiated status. CREB-binding proteins (CBP) are essential transcriptional coacti- vators for a large number of regulated DNA-binding transcription factors, including GATA-1. But there have been no reports on whether CBP is still a co-activator of GATA-2. Here, we used the immunopre- cipitation and pull-down experiments to show that the GATA-2 and CBP were physically binding to- gether, and clarified the binding sites CH1, CH3 , CH452 and CT1430 in CBP and N-finger, C-finger and N-C-finger in GATA-2. Luciferase assay results in our experiment indicated that CBP could increase GATA-2 transcriptional activity in the dose-dependent manner. GATA-1 is mainly expressed in differen- tiated hematopoietic cells, but still has overlap expression with GATA-2. CBP is a coactivator of GATA-2 and GATA-1. The investigation on the mechanism that could decide whether CBP binds to GATA-2 to keep hematopoietic cells in the progenitor status or to GATA-1 to start differentiation will be a very in- teresting and very meaningful project in the near future.

关键词： CBP TATA-2 coactivator hematopoietic cells

Effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis and leaf traits in saplings of two evergreen conifers,Abies veitchii and ***

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 460-469页

作者： Rina Suzuki Koichi takahashi Department of Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceShinshu UniversityMatsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Mountain Ecosystem Institute for Mountain ScienceShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan

Aims Subalpine coniferous species are distributed over a wide range of elevations in which they must contend with stressful conditions,such as high elevations and extended periods of *** evergreen coniferous species,Abies veitchii and Abies mariesii,dominate at low and high elevations,respectively,in the subalpine zone,central *** aim of this study is to examine the effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthetic rates through changes in morphological and physiological leaf traits in the two *** We here examined effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis,and leaf traits in *** and *** of the two conifers were sampled in the understory and canopy gaps at their lower(1600 m)and upper(2300 m)distribution *** Findings The two species showed similar responses to leaf age and different responses to elevation and light conditions in photosynthesis and leaf *** maximum photosynthetic rate of *** is correlated negatively with leaf mass per area(LMA)and non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)*** increased at high elevations in the two species,whereas NSC concentrations increased only in ***,the maximum photosynthetic rate of *** decreased at high ***,maximum photosynthetic rates correlate positively with nitrogen concentration in both *** the understory,leaf nitrogen concentrations decreased and increased in *** and ***,*** decreased and the chlorophyll-to-nitrogen ratio increased in understory conditions only for ***,suggesting it has a higher light-capture efficiency in dark conditions than does *** study concluded that *** has more shade-tolerant photosynthetic and leaf traits and its photosynthetic rate is less affected by elevation compared with ***,allowing *** to survive in the understory and to dominate at high elevations.

关键词： leaf chlorophyll leaf mass per area leaf nitrogen non-structural carbohydrate concentration stable carbon–isotope ratio

BIOLOGICAL TREATING TECHNOLOGY TO REMOVE PHENOLS IN FCCU EFFLUENT

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石油学报（石油加工） 2001年第1期17卷 81-84页

作者： takahashi, Takashi Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp. Tech. G. Overseas Business Dept. Minato-ku Tokyo 108-0074 18-10 2-Chome Takanaua Japan

Baesd on the survey in 1997 fiscal year, we have been making a further survey and study together with 中国石油(Petro China) at Liaohe Refinery since 1998 fiscal year, aiming at the transfer of Japanese waste water treating technologies to China.　　Scope is as follows:　　（1） Demonstration of a new waste water treating technology, a kind of biological treating methods (Fluidized bed biological treatment), to eliminate phenols in FCCU effluent.　　（2） Recommendation of eliminating pollutant and reducing total effluent by improving the operation.　　1　Fluidized bed biological treatment1.1　What is fluidized bed biological treatment　　Fluidized bed biological treatment is the process to treat waste water as follows:　　(1) To put biologically inert granular matters (fluidized carrier) into an aeration tank;　　(2) Homogeneously and entirely to fluidize the particles in the tank to form highly active biofilm on the surface of each particle;　　(3) To contact organic substances with these microorganisms to purify the waste water.　　The surface area of the particle per unit volume is about ten times as large as that in conventional biofilm treatment process. In addition, no blockade of the filler (carrier) may be caused. Accordingly, volumetric loading of the aeration tank can be improved to attain highly efficient treatment.

关键词：流化床生态实验 FCCU 炼油工艺

On improving strigolactone mimics for induction of suicidal germination of the root parasitic plant Striga hermonthica

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aBIOTECH 2021年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Ikuo takahashi Kosuke Fukui Tadao Asami Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8657Japan

Strigolactones(SLs)are plant hormones that regulate the branching of plants and seed germination stimulants of root parasitic *** root parasites are a great threat to agricultural production,the use of SL agonists could be anticipated to provide an efficient method for regulating root parasites as suicidal germination inducers.A series of phenoxyfuranone-type SL mimics,termed debranones,has been reported to show potent bioactivities,including reduction of the tiller number on rice,and stimulation of seed germination in the root parasite Striga *** exert both activities,two substituents on the phenyl ring of the molecules were important but at least a substituent at the 2-position must be an electron-withdrawing ***,little is known about the effect of the properties of the substituents at the 2-position on ***,we found that different substituents at the 2-position give different preferences for *** debranones were more effective than the others and SL agonist GR24 for inhibiting rice tiller but far less effective in the induction of *** ***,nitrile and methyl derivatives clearly stimulated the germination of *** *** their IC_(50) values were 100 times higher than that of GR24 in the receptor competitive binding assay,their physiological activities were approximately 1/10 of *** differences could be due to their uptake in plants and/or their physicochemical stability under our experimental *** findings could support the design of more potent and selective SL agonists that could contribute to solving big agricultural issues.

关键词： Agonist Rice Root parasitic weed Seed germination Strigolactone Tillering

Tunable deconfined quantum criticality and interplay of different valence-bond solid phases

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第5期29卷 52-65页

作者： Bowen Zhao Jun takahashi Anders W.Sandvik Department of Physics Boston University590 Commonwealth AvenueBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We use quantum Monte Carlo simulations to study an S = 1/2 spin model with competing multi-spin interactions. We find a quantum phase transition between a columnar valence-bond solid(cVBS) and a Néel antiferromagnet(AFM), as in the scenario of deconfined quantum-critical points, as well as a transition between the AFM and a staggered valence-bond solid(sVBS). By continuously varying a parameter, the sVBS–AFM and AFM–cVBS boundaries merge into a direct sVBS–cVBS transition. Unlike previous models with putative deconfined AFM–cVBS transitions, e.g., the standard J–Q model,in our extended J–Q model with competing cVBS and sVBS inducing terms the transition can be tuned from continuous to first-order. We find the expected emergent U(1) symmetry of the microscopically Z4 symmetric cVBS order parameter when the transition is continuous. In contrast, when the transition changes to first-order, the clock-like Z4 fluctuations are absent and there is no emergent higher symmetry. We argue that the confined spinons in the sVBS phase are *** also present results for an SU(3) symmetric model with a similar phase diagram. The new family of models can serve as a useful tool for further investigating open questions related to deconfined quantum criticality and its associated emergent symmetries.

关键词： quantum phase transitions deconfined quantum criticality quantum spin systems quantum Monte Carlo simulations

Application of Simple Adaptive Control to Water Hydraulic Servo Cylinder System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第5期25卷 882-888页

作者： ITO Kazuhisa YAMADA Tsuyoshi IKEO Shigeru takahashi Koji College of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Saitama 3378570 Japan Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering Tottori UniversityTottori 6808552 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Sophia UniversityTokyo 1028554 Japan

Although conventional model reference adaptive control （MRAC） achieves good tracking performance for cylinder control, the controller structure is much more complicated and has less robustness to disturbance in real applications. This paper discusses the use of simple adaptive control （SAC） for positioning a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. Compared with MRAC, SAC has a simpler and lower order structure, i.e., higher feasibility. The control performance of SAC is examined and evaluated on a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. With the recent increased concerns over global environmental problems, the water hydraulic technique using pure tap water as a pressure medium has become a new drive source comparable to electric, oil hydraulic, and pneumatic drive systems. This technique is also preferred because of its high power density, high safety against fire hazards in production plants, and easy availability. However, the main problems for precise control in a water hydraulic system are steady state errors and overshoot due to its large friction torque and considerable leakage flow. MRAC has been already applied to compensate for these effects, and better control performances have been obtained. However, there have been no reports on the application of SAC for water hydraulics. To make clear the merits of SAC, the tracking control performance and robustness are discussed based on experimental results. SAC is confirmed to give better tracking performance compared with PI control, and a control precision comparable to MRAC （within 10 μm of the reference position） and higher robustness to parameter change, despite the simple controller. The research results ensure a wider application of simple adaptive control in real mechanical systems.

关键词： water hydraulics servo cylinder system positioning control simple adaptive control