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The mediatory role of water quality on the association between extreme precipitation events and infectious diarrhea in the Yangtze River Basin,China

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 495-504页

作者： Junfeng Yu Liang Zhao Xin-Zhong Liang Hung Chak Ho masahiro hashizume Cunrui Huang School of Public Health Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China The State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Department of Public and International Affairs City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Healthy China Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Extreme precipitation is exacerbating the burden of infectious diarrhea in the context of climate change,it is necessary to identify the critical and easy-to-intervene intermediate factors for public health *** quality may be the most important mediator,while relevant empirical evidence is *** study aimed to examine the role of water quality in the process of infectious diarrhea caused by extreme *** infectious diarrhea cases,meteorological factors and water quality data in Yangtze River Basin in China between October 29,2007 to February 19,2017 were ***-stage statistical models were used to estimate city-specific extreme precipitation,water quality and infectious diarrhea relationships that were pooled to derive regional estimates.A causal mediation analysis was used to assess the mediation effect of water *** Yangtze River Basin,extreme precipitation events had a significant impact on infectious diarrhea(Incidence Rate Ratios[IRR]:1.027,95%Confidence Interval[CI]:1.013~1.041).After extreme precipitation events,the dissolved oxygen(DO)in surface water decreased(-0.123 mg/L,95%CI:-0.159 mg/L~-0.086 mg/L),while the un-ionized ammonia(NH(3)-N)increased(0.004 mg/L,95%CI:0.001 mg/L~0.006 mg/L).The combined overall effect of DO and NH(3)-N on infectious diarrhea showed that both low and high concentrations were associated with an increased risk of infectious *** causal mediation analysis showed that the mediation proportion of the two water quality indexes(DO and NH(3)-N)is 70.54%(P<0.001).To reduce the health effects of extreme precipitation,in contrast to current population-oriented health strategies,those that take into account more direct and easy-to-intervene water quality indicators should be encouraged by future policies.

关键词： Extreme precipitation Infectious diarrhea Water quality Dissolved oxygen Un-ionized ammonia Mediation analysis

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Decreased incidence followed by comeback of pediatric infections during the COVID‑19 pandemic in Japan

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第8期18卷 564-567页

作者： Cyrus Ghaznavi Haruka Sakamoto Takayuki Kawashima Sayaka Horiuchi masahiro Ishikane Sarah Krull Abe Daisuke Yoneoka Akifumi Eguchi Yuta Tanoue masahiro hashizume Shuhei Nomura Department of Health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio University35 ShinanomachiShinjuku-kuTokyo 160-8582Japan Medical Education Program Washington University School of Medicine in St.LouisSaint LouisUSA Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research TokyoJapan Department of Hygiene and Public Health Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Mathematical and Computing Science Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyoJapan Center for Birth Cohort Studies University of YamanashiYamanashiJapan Disease Control and Prevention Center National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan Division of Prevention National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer ControlTokyoJapan Infectious Disease Surveillance Center National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan Department of Sustainable Health Science Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan Institute for Business and Finance Waseda UniversityTokyoJapan

During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the Japanese government implemented several infection control measures,such as states of emergency(SoE)and school closures,and encouraged universal masking and hand *** activity restrictions and improved hygiene were found to be associated with declines in the incidence of infuenza during the 2019–2020 winter season[1].Prior studies have found that the incidence of seven pediatric infections,such as pharyngoconjunctivitis and varicella,decreased during and after the school closures in Japan[2].As activity restrictions continue to be lifted,there is growing concern that pediatric infections may suddenly return given that the pool of susceptible children increased during the pandemic[3].In this study,we use national infectious disease sentinel data from January 2012 to October 2021 to assess changes in the reported number of pediatric infections in Japan during the COVID-19 *** hypothesize that the reporting of many infectious diseases decreased during the early stages of the pandemic but ultimately returned to normal when activity restrictions were lifted.

关键词： closure return suddenly

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Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe

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The Innovation 2022年第2期3卷 65-72页

作者： Yao Wu Bo Wen Shanshan Li Antonio Gasparrini Shilu Tong Ala Overcenco Ales Urban Alexandra Schneider Alireza Entezari Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera Antonella Zanobetti Antonis Analitis Ariana Zeka Aurelio Tobias Barrak Alahmad Ben Armstrong Bertil Forsberg CarmenÍñiguez Caroline Ameling César De la Cruz Valencia ChristoferÅström Danny Houthuijs Do Van Dung Dominic Royé Ene Indermitte Eric Lavigne Fatemeh Mayvaneh Fiorella Acquaotta Francesca de’Donato Francesco Sera Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar Haidong Kan Hans Orru Ho Kim Iulian-Horia Holobaca Jan Kyselý Joana Madureira Joel Schwartz Klea Katsouyanni Magali Hurtado-Diaz Martina SRagettli masahiro hashizume Mathilde Pascal Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho Noah Scovronick Paola Michelozzi Patrick Goodman Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Rosana Abrutzky Samuel Osorio Tran Ngoc Dang Valentina Colistro Veronika Huber Whanhee Lee Xerxes Seposo Yasushi Honda Michelle L.Bell Yuming Guo Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Climate Air Quality Research UnitSchool of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Department of Public Health Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Centre for Statistical Methodology London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Centre on Climate Change&Planetary Health London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Shanghai Children’s Medical Centre Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China School of Public Health Institute of Environment and Human HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Center for Global Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane 4000Australia National Agency for Public Health of the Ministry of Health Labour and Social Protection of the Republic of MoldovaChisinau MD-2009Republic of Moldova Institute of Atmospheric Physics Czech Academy of SciencesPrague 14100Czech Republic Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life SciencesPrague 16500Czech Republic Institute of Epidemiology Helmholtz Zentrum M€unchen-German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg 85747Germany Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences Hakim Sabzevari UniversitySabzevar ***Iran Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthHarvard UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Hygiene Epidemiology and Medical StatisticsNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Institute for Environment Healthand SocietiesBrunel University LondonLondon UB83PNUK Institute of Environmental Assessment and

Studies have investigated the effects of heat and temperature variability(TV)on ***,few assessed whether TV modifies the heat-mortality *** on daily temperature and mortality in the warm season were collected from 717 locations across 36 *** was calculated as the standard deviation of the average of the same and previous days’minimum and maximum temperatures.

关键词： deviation modif heat

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A Parallel Circuit Simulator for Iterative Power Grids Optimization System

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Circuits and Systems 2012年第2期3卷 153-160页

作者： Taiki hashizume Masaya Yoshikawa masahiro Fukui Department of Information Engineering Meijo University Nagoya Japan Department of VLSI System Design Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Japan

This paper discusses a high efficient parallel circuit simulator for iterative power grid optimization. The simulator is implemented by FPGA. We focus particularly on the following points: 1) Selection of the analysis method for power grid optimization, the proposed simulator introduces hardware-oriented fixed point arithmetic instead of floating point arithmetic. It accomplishes the high accuracy by selecting appropriate time step of the simulation;2) The simulator achieves high speed simulation by developing dedicated hardware and adopting parallel processing. Experiments prove that the proposed simulator using 80 MHz FPGA and eight parallel processing achieves 35 times faster simulation than software processing with 2.8 GHz CPU while maintaining almost same accuracy in comparison with SPICE simulation.

关键词： Dedicated Hardware Accelerator Power Grids Optimization Parallel Circuit Simulator

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An extremely rare case of pancreatic metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第2期20卷 593-597页

作者： Hiroshi Okamoto Yasuyuki Hara masahiro Chin Motohisa Hagiwara Yuji Onodera Shinichiro Horii Yasuhiro Shirahata Takashi Kamei Eiji hashizume Noriaki Ohuchi Department of Surgery Nihonkai General HospitalSakata 998-8501Japan Division of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8574Japan

We report a rare case of a 68-year-old male with metachronous pancreatic metastasis that was resected2 years after salvage esophagectomy for local recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Two years and 8 mo ago,he had undergone definitive chemoradiotherapy for the lower thoracic ESCC and achieved a complete *** used the protocol of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group trial *** 8 mo later,he developed a local recurrence of the ESCC and underwent thoracoscopic salvage esophagectomy followed by reconstruction with a conduit colon graft via a subcutaneous ***,a tumor of the pancreatic body was found on routine follow-up computed tomography(CT).The tumor diameter was 15 mm on CT,and the maximum standardized uptake value of the lesion was 5.49at 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron-emission tomography,strongly suggesting pancreatic *** addition,all tumor markers were within the reference ***,distal pancreatectomy was performed with the resultant histological diagnosis being confirmed as pancreatic metastasis of the *** was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy,and there has been no evidence of recurrence 9 mo after the *** of pancreatic metastasis offers a good prognosis and should be considered for solitary ESCC metastasis.

关键词： Metachronous pancreatic metastasis Esophagus Squamous cell carcinoma Pancreatectomy Salvage esophagectomy Definitive chemoradiotherapy

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Modified simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy for an unresectable huge refractory pelvic tumor diagnosed as a rectal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18480-18486页

作者： Takuma Nomiya Hiroko Akamatsu Mayumi Harada Ibuki Ota Yasuhito Hagiwara Mayumi Ichikawa Misako Miwa Shouhei Kawashiro Motohisa Hagiwara masahiro Chin Eiji hashizume Kenji Nemoto Department of Radiation Oncology National Institute of Radiological Sciences Chiba 263-8555 Japan Department of Radiation Oncology Yamagata University Hospital Yamagata 990-8560 Japan Department of Surgery Nihonkai General Hospital Yamagata 990-8560 Japan

A clinical trial of radiotherapy with modified simultaneous integrated boost(SIB)technique against huge tumors was conducted.A 58-year-old male patient who had a huge pelvic tumor diagnosed as a rectal adenocarcinoma due to familial adenomatous polyposis was enrolled in this *** total dose of 77 Gy(equivalent dose in 2Gy/fraction)and 64.5 Gy was delivered to the center of the tumor and the surrounding area respectively,andapproximately 20%dose escalation was achieved with the modified SIB *** tumor with an initial maximum size of 15 cm disappeared 120 d after the start of the *** status of the patient improved from 4 to *** with modified SIB may be effective for patients with a huge tumor in terms of tumor shrinkage/disappearance,improvement of QOL,and prolongation of survival.

关键词： Clinical trial Image-guided radiotherapy Rectal neoplasms Quality of life Neoplasm recurrence

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High accurate blasting machine for geotomography

High accurate blasting machine for geotomography

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International Symposium on New Development in Rock Mechanics and Engineering

作者： Kunihisa KATSUYAMA Yuji OGATA masahiro SETO Kiyoshi hashizume National Institute for Resources & Environment TsukubaIbarakiJapan Nippon Kayaku Co.Ltd Chiyoda-kuTokyoJapan

It is very important to foresee the geological condition of rock and rock mass in order to develop the underground space safely and *** high accurate blasting machine which is designed by NIRE and produced by Nippon Kayaku *** has a controller and a DC power *** first,to examine the accuracy of this blasting machine,high speed photographs of the bridge wire explosion were taken with 1.0×10 frames/*** seismic tomography using this high accurate blasting machine has been carried out at the CAES(Compressed Air Energy Storage)experiment field in a metal mine.

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大气二氧化氮与每日总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的短期关联:398个城市的多中心分析

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英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第8期24卷 435-442页

作者：孟夏刘聪(校) 陈仁杰郑湃(译) 阚海东(校) Francesco Sera Ana Vicedo-Cabrera Ai Milojevic Maria Guo Yuming Tong Shilu Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelh Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Eric Lavigne Patricia Matus Correa Nicolas Valdes Ortega Samuel Osorio Garcia Jan Kysely Ales Urban Hans Orru Marek Maasikmets Jouni J K Jaakkola Niilo Ryti Veronika Huber Alexandra Schneider Klea Katsouyanni Antonis Analitis masahiro hashizume Yasushi Honda Chris Fook Sheng Ng Baltazar Nunes João Paulo Teixeira Iulian Horia Holobaca Simona Fratianni Ho Kim Aurelio Tobias Carmeníniguez Bertil Forsberg ChristoferÅström Martina S Ragettli Yue-Liang Leon Guo Shih-Chun Pan Shanshan Li Michelle L Bell Antonella Zanobetti Joel Schwartz Tangchun Wu Antonio Gasparrini 复旦大学公共卫生学院、公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室(复旦大学)、卫生部卫生技术评估重点实验室(复旦大学) 中国上海北京大学公共卫生学院复旦大学公共卫生学院不详

目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高... 详细信息

目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高收入国家/地区的398个城市。主要结局指标:1973—2018年逐日总死亡人数(6280万人)、心血管疾病死亡人数(1970万人)和呼吸系统疾病死亡人数(550万人)。结果:平均而言,NO_(2)浓度在滞后1天(前1天)每增加10μg/m^(3),会导致总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别增加0.46%(95%可信区间0.36%~0.57%)、0.37%(0.22%~0.51%)、0.47%(0.21%~0.72%)。在对共污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、臭氧、二氧化硫和一氧化碳)进行调整后,这些关联仍然很稳定。所有3种死因的暴露-反应曲线几乎是线性的,没有明显的阈值。在398个城市中,可归因于高过假定零水平的NO_(2)浓度造成的死亡比例为1.23%(95%可信区间0.96%~1.51%)。结论:这项多中心研究提供了关于NO_(2)短期暴露与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统死亡风险之间的独立和线性关联的关键证据,说明通过加强NO_(2)的控制和监管限制标准,可获得人群水平的健康收益。

关键词：总死亡率 meta分析总死亡人数死亡风险广义线性模型二氧化氮高收入国家结局指标

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