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A Techno-Economical Characterization of solar PV Power Generation in Rwanda:The Role of subsidies and incentives

Energy Engineering 2023年第9期120卷 2155-2175页

作者： Morris Kayitare Gace Athanase Dalson Al-mas sendegeyad African Center of Excellence in Energy for sustainable Development University of RwandaKigaliRwanda African Center of Excellence for sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain University of RwandaKigaliRwanda Department of Agricultural Mechanization School of Agriculture EngineeringUniversity of RwandaNyagatareRwanda Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kyambogo UniversityKampalaUganda

standalone solar PV systems have been vital in the improvement of access to energy in many ***,given the large cost of solar PV plants’components,in developing countries,there is a dear need for such components to be subsidised and incentivised for the consumers to afford the produced ***,there is a need for optimal sizing of the solar PV plants taking into account the solar information,energy requirement for various activities,and economic conditions in the off-grid regions in *** study aims to develop optimally sized solar PV plants suited to rural communities in ***,it aims at characterizing the impacts of subsidies and incentives on the profitability and affordability of solar PV plants’energy in *** the study,we have developed a model on basis of which the plant power(peak power)and costs of energy can be predicted given the load requirements using *** model was validated using data corrected at eight different *** generalized predictive model’s results matched the results obtained using field measurement data as *** models have been able to replicate with a by degree of accuracy the peak powers and the plants’costs for different loads and were used to evaluate the economic viability of solar PV plants in *** was found that with incentives and subsidies of 20%,the solar PV systems’costs,the Levelised Cost of Energy would drop from a maximum of 0.098 Euro to a minimum of 0.072 Euro,the payback period was reduced from a maximum of 7.5 years to a minimum of 6.0 years while the return on investments was seen to vary between 425.72 and 615.32 per cent over the plants’lifetime of 25 *** our findings underscore the importance of government subsidies and incentives for solar PV energy generation projects to be significantly profitable.

关键词： Techno-economical characterization solar PV plants solar-energy economy PV energy generation energy in Rwanda

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scientific geodata infrastructures: challenges, approaches and directions

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international Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第7期7卷 613-633页

作者： Lars Bernard stephan mas Matthias Muller Christin Henzen Johannes Brauner Department of Geosciences Faculty of Environmental SciencesTechnische Universitat DresdenDresdenGermany

Based on various experiences in developing Geodata infrastructures(GDis)for scientific applications,this article proposes the concept of a scientific GDi that can be used by scientists in environmental and earth sciences to share and disseminate their research results and related analysis *** GDi is understood as an approach to tackle the science case in Digital Earth and to further enhance e-science for environmental *** scientific GDi to support the research community in efficiently exchanging data and methods related to the various scientific disciplines forming the basis of environmental studies poses numerous challenges on today’s GDi *** paper summarizes requirements and recommendations on the publication of scientific geospatial data and on functionalities to be provided in scientific *** practices and open issues for governance and policies of a scientific GDi are discussed and are concluded by deriving a research agenda for the next decade.

关键词： scientific geodata infrastructure sharing environmental models geospatial cyberinfrastructure e-science spatial data infrastructure

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Land cover mapping applications with MODis:a literature review

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international Journal of Digital Earth 2012年第1期5卷 63-87页

作者： Tziztiki J.Garcıa-Mora Jean-Francois mas Everett A.Hinkley Centro de investigaciones en Geografı´a Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)Antigua Carretera a Patzcuaro No.8701Col.Ex-Hacienda de San Josede La HuertaC.P.58190MoreliaMichoacanMexico National Remote sensing Program Manager USDA Forest Service1601 N.Kent Street/Suite 500ArlingtonVA 22209USA

Land use/land cover monitoring and mapping is crucial to efficient management of the land and its *** the late 1980s increased attention has been paid to the use of coarse resolution optical *** Moderate Resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODis)has features,which make it particularly suitable to earth characterization *** has 10 products dedicated mainly to land cover characterization and provides three kinds of data:angular,spectral and *** data also includes information about the data quality through the‘Quality Assessment’*** this paper,we review how MODis data are used to map land cover including the preferred MODis products,the preprocessing and classification approaches,the accuracy assessment,and the results obtained.

关键词： MODis mapping image processing classification,accuracy land use/land cover

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The improvement of an object-oriented classification using multi-temporal MODis EVi satellite data

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international Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第3期2卷 219-236页

作者： Y.Gao J.-F.mas A.Navarrete Centro de investigaciones en Ecosistemas-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM) Antigua Carretera a Pa tzcuaro No.8701Col.Ex Hacienda de San Jose de la Huerta C.P.58190 MoreliaMichoacanMexico Centro de investigaciones en Geografıa Ambiental-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM) Antigua Carretera a Pa tzcuaro No.8701Col.Ex Hacienda de San Jose de la Huerta C.P.58190 MoreliaMichoacanMexico

This paper investigates the contribution of multi-temporal enhanced vegetation index(EVi)data to the improvement of object-based classification accuracy using multi-spectral moderate resolution imaging spectral-radiometer(MODis)*** object-oriented classification,similar pixels are firstly grouped together and then classified;the produced result does not suffer the speckled appearance and closer to human *** data are from the MODis sensor aboard Terra spacecraft.69 EVi data(scenes)were collected during the period of three years(20012003)in a mountainous vegetated *** data sets were used to study the phenology of the land cover *** land cover types show distinct fluctuations over time in EVi values and this information might be used to improve object-oriented land cover *** experiments were carried out:one was only with single date MODis multispectral data,and the other one including also the 69 EVi *** classes were distinguished:temperate forest,tropical dry forest,grassland,irrigated agriculture,rain-fed agriculture,orchards,lava flows and human *** two classifications were evaluated with independent verification data,and the results showed that with multitemporal EVi data,the classification accuracy was improved 5.2%.Evaluated by McNemar’s test,this improved was significant,with significance level p=0.01.

关键词： enhanced vegetation index(EVi) moderate resolution imaging spectral-radiometer(MODis) phenology object-based image classification

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Determination of functional fitness age in women aged 50 and older

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Journal of sport and Health science 2019年第3期8卷 267-272页

作者： Edgar Johani Latorre-Rojas Joan Antoni Prat-subirana Xavier Peirau-Terés sebastià mas-Alòs José Vicente Beltrán-Garrido Antoni Planas-Anzano National institute of Physical Education of Catalonia University of Lleida Physical Fitness Sport and Recreation Department Floridablanca Campus University Santo Tomas Aquino Department of Nursery and Physiotherapy University of Lleida EUsEs TE Health and Sport Science School Rovira i Virgili University

Background: The construction of useful and attainable indicators of fitness assessment deserves special attention in clinical practice. We aimed to construct an indicator of the functional fitness age(FFA) of women aged 50 and older by an equation using fitness outcomes and its correlation with chronological age(CA) and to analyze the external validity of our results by comparing our sample to ***: Participants(n=459, age: 70.3 ± 7.9 years, mean ± sD) were evaluated using the senior Fitness Test battery. We applied a multiple regression and a subsequent Holt's exponential smoothing to analyze the ***: We obtained a statistically significant expression of F(6, 452) = 328.384; p in which the coefficients of the equation explain81% of variability(R_(corrected)~2 = 0.813). The equation correlates fitness assessment in women aged 50 and over with regards to CA:FFA = 40.146 + 0.350 X Cs(stand)-0.714 X AC(rep)-0.110 X sT(step)-0.177 X CsR(cm)-0.101 X Bs(cm) + 8.835 X FUG(s) where Cs means chair stand test, AC. means arm curl test, sT means 2-min step test, CsR means chair sit-and-reach test, Bs means back scratch test, FUG means 8-foot up-and-go test. We compared this index with percentiles distribution from our sample and from other ***: We suggest the use of FFA as a valid indicator of fitness in adult and senior women as well as a useful motivational tool to undertake exercise programs.

关键词： Disability Elderly Exercise Fitness assessment Health outcomes senior Fitness Test

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Plant-herbivore assemblages under natural conditions are driven by plant size,not chemical defenses

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 1012-1021页

作者： Eva Castells Maria Morante sandra saura-mas Anabel Blasco-Moreno Departament de Farmacologia Terapèutica i ToxicologiaUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain Department de Biologia Animal Vegetal i EcologiaUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain servei d’Estadística Aplicada Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del Vallès 08193Spain

Aims Plant secondary metabolites have been traditionally recognized as key traits regulating plant-herbivore ***,the ecological relevance of secondary metabolites as resistance mecha-nisms in comparison to other plant attributes,including physical,morphological or ecological traits,has been recently *** aim to evaluate the role of chemical defenses,plant size and the presence of insect competitors on driving the differences in her-bivory damage under natural *** We performed a replicated field study on the herbivore commu-nity associated with four senecio species(***,***,*** and ***)during a full-reproductive season in Montseny Natural Park(catalonia,NE spain).Pyrrolizidine alka-loids(PAs),the most characteristic chemical defenses of senecio due to their toxic effects on herbivores,were analyzed by gas *** plant size was estimated by the number of flower heads produced over the entire reproductive *** used linear mixed models to explore the relationships between total PA concentrations,plant size and herbivory *** Findings PA concentrations were not related to the natural guild of herbivores within any plant species or insect ***,no significant interactions were found between insect species sharing the same host *** contrast,herbivore abundance was positively related to plant size in ***,*** and *** found no evidence that PAs confer an increased plant resistance against herbivores in *** study supports the hypothesis that plant chemical defenses have a secondary role in determining plant-her-bivore assemblages in comparison to other plant traits under the complexity of natural conditions.

关键词： senecio herbivory chemical defenses pyrrolizidine alkaloids plant traits

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Novel Design of Ring Resonator Based Temperature sensor Using Photonics Technology

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Photonic sensors 2017年第4期7卷 311-316页

作者： mas soudi RADHOUENE Mayur Kumar CHHiPA Monia NAJJAR s. ROBiNsON Bhuvneshwer sUTHAR University of Tunis El Manar National Engineering School of Tunis Communications Systems LR-99-ES21(LR-Sys'Com-ENIT) Tunis 1002 Tunisia Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering K L University Guntur Andhra Pradesh 522502 India University of Tunis El Manar Higher Institute of Computer Ariana 2080 Tunisia Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Mount Zion College of Engineering and TechnologyPudukkottai Tamil Nadu 622507 India Department of Physics Govt. Engineering College Bikaner Rajasthan 334004 India

in the present paper, we study the transmission of the two-dimensional photonic crystal （PC） superellipse ring resonator. The fast growing applications of optomechanical systems lead to strong demands in new sensing mechanism in order to design the sensing elements to nanometer scale. The photonic crystal based resonator has been investigated as promising solutions because the band gap structure and resonator characteristics are extremely sensitive to the deformation and position shift of rod/cavity in PC resonators. This structure opens a single channel filter. The study is extended for tuning of channel filter＇s wavelength with a temperature of this structure. The transmission of the channel filter shows a red shift with temperature linearly. This wavelength shift of the channel filter is used for the sensor application. The sensitivity for the proposed structure is found to be 65.3pm/℃. The outstanding sensing capability renders PC resonators as a promising optomechanical sensing element to be integrated into various transducers for temperature sensing applications.

关键词： Photonic crystal ring resonator temperature sensor finite difference time domain PWE method

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Driving research on eco-innovation systems:Crossing the boundaries of innovation systems

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international Journal of innovation studies 2023年第3期7卷 236-247页

作者： Nuria Chaparro-Banegas Alicia mas-Tur Norat Roig-Tierno Universitat Politecnica de Valencia Cami de VeraS/n46022ValenciaSpain Universitat de Valencia Av.dels TarongersS/n46022ValenciaSpain

sustainability is now a part of all areas of today's society and has become a cornerstone of economic,social,and environmental *** pivotal role means that sustainability has also influenced the innovation *** the last few decades,new innovationrelated concepts linked to sustainable development have emerged in the form of environmental,green,sustainable,and eco-innovations;nevertheless,technological and innovation developments still occur within the boundaries of an innovation *** systems possess unique characteristics that shape activities,actions,and *** separate bodies of literature on eco-innovation and innovation systems are extensive;however,the status of the literature on the intersection of these two topics is less *** study provides an overview of the scientific literature in the area where ecoinnovation and innovation systems meet,and a bibliometric analysis shows that the joint study of eco-innovation and innovation systems is an unexplored knowledge ***,the main authors and documents that provide the foundation of the literature on ecoinnovation and innovation systems were identified,and theoretical knowledge was grouped into four clusters according to thematic areas:Cluster 1 related to eco-innovation;Cluster 2 related to innovation systems;and Clusters 3 and 4,which include the elements that constitute and interact within eco-innovation *** hope that this study will encourage scholars to conduct research on eco-innovation systems,which could have positive implications for the design and implementation of new policies and instruments to achieve sustainable development.

关键词： Eco-innovation innovation system sustainability sustainable development Eco-innovation system

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inflammation-induced PiNCH expression leads to actin depolymerization and mitochondrial mislocalization in neurons

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第3期9卷 393-408页

作者： Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan santhanam shanmughapriya Prema Velusamy Matthew sayre Alvaro Garcia Nestor mas Gomez Dianne Langford Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19140USA Department of Microbiology Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024India Heart and Vascular institute Department of MedicineDepartment of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyPenn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA

Background:Diseases and disorders with a chronic neuroinflammatory component are often linked with changes in brain *** neurodegenerative disorders,people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HiM)and Alzheimer's disease(AD)are particularly vulnerable to metabolic disturbances,but the mechanistic connections of inflammation,neurodegeneration and bioenergetic deficits in the central nervous system(CNs)are poorly *** particularly interesting new cysteine histidine-rich-protein(PiNCH)is nearly undetectable in healthy mature neurons,but is robustly expressed in tauopathy-associated neurodegenerative diseases including HiV infection and *** robust PiNCH expression has been reported in neurons in the brains of patients with HiV and AD,the molecular mechanisms and cellular consequences of increased PiNCH expression in CNs disease remain largely ***:We investigated the regulatory mechanisms responsible for PiNCH protein-mediated changes in bioenergetics,mitochondrial subcellular localization and bioenergetic deficits in neurons exposed to physialogical levels of TNFa or the HiV protein *** in the PiNCH-iLK-Parvin(PiP)complex association with cofilin and TEsK1 were assessed to identify factors responsible for actin depolymerization and mitochondrial *** and pharmacological inhibition experiments were conducted to confirm PiNCH specificity and to reinstate proper protein-protein complex ***:We identified MEF2A as the PiNCH transcription factor in neuroinflammation and determined the biological consequences of increased PiNCH in ***-mediated activation of MEF2A via increased cellular calcium induced PiNCH,leading to disruption of the PiP ternary complex,cofilin activation by TEsK1 inactivation,and actin *** disruption of actin led to perinuclear mislocalization of mitochondria by destabilizing the kinesin-dependent mitochondrial transport machinery,resulting i

关键词： Neuron Mitochondria Actin PiNCH Neuroinflammation

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A novel method for geometric quality assurance of rock joint replicas in direct shear testing-Part 2:Validation and mechanical replicability

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第9期15卷 2209-2223页

作者： J.Larsson F.Johansson D.mas ivars E.Johnson M.Flansbjer N.W.Portal Division of Material and Production Department of Chemistry and Applied MechanicsResearch Institutes of Sweden(RISE)Brinellgatan 4Borås50115Sweden Division of soil and Rock Mechanics Department of Civil and Architectural EngineeringRoyal Institute of Technology(KTH)Brinellvägen 23Stockholm10044Sweden swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co.(sKB) SolnaSweden

Each rock joint is unique by nature which means that utilization of replicas in direct shear tests is required in experimental parameter ***,a method to acquire knowledge about the ability of the replicas to imitate the shear mechanical behavior of the rock joint and their dispersion in direct shear testing is *** this study,a novel method is presented for geometric quality assurance of *** aim is to facilitate generation of high-quality direct shear testing data as a prerequisite for reliable subsequent analyses of the *** Part 1 of this study,two quality assurance parameters,smf and V_(Hp100),are derived and their usefulness for evaluation of geometric deviations,*** reproducibility,is *** Part 2,the parameters are validated by showing a correlation between the parameters and the shear mechanical behavior,which qualifies the parameters for usage in the quality assurance *** results from direct shear tests presenting comparisons between replicas and the rock joint show that replicas fulfilling proposed threshold values of σ_(mf)ispersion and imitate the shear mechanical behavior of the rock joint in all aspects apart from having a slightly lower peak shear *** wear in these replicas,which have similar morphology as the rock joint,is in the same areas as in the rock *** wear is slightly larger in the rock joint and therefore the discrepancy in peak shear strength derives from differences in material properties,possibly from differences in *** is shown by application of the suggested method that the quality assured replicas manufactured following the process employed in this study phenomenologically capture the shear strength characteristics,which makes them useful in parameter studies.

关键词： Three-dimensional(3D)scanning Contact area measurements Direct shear testing Geometric quality assurance Mechanical replicability Replicas Rock joint

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