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An Incentive Mechanism for Federated Learning:A Continuous Zero-Determinant Strategy Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 88-102页

作者： Changbing Tang Baosen Yang Xiaodong Xie Guanrong Chen Mohammed A.a.al-qaness Yang Liu IEEE the College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal UniversityUniversityJinhua 321004China the School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China the Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province Jinhua 321004China

As a representative emerging machine learning technique, federated learning(FL) has gained considerable popularity for its special feature of “making data available but not visible”. However, potential problems remain, including privacy breaches, imbalances in payment, and inequitable distribution.These shortcomings let devices reluctantly contribute relevant data to, or even refuse to participate in FL. Therefore, in the application of FL, an important but also challenging issue is to motivate as many participants as possible to provide high-quality data to FL. In this paper, we propose an incentive mechanism for FL based on the continuous zero-determinant(CZD) strategies from the perspective of game theory. We first model the interaction between the server and the devices during the FL process as a continuous iterative game. We then apply the CZD strategies for two players and then multiple players to optimize the social welfare of FL, for which we prove that the server can keep social welfare at a high and stable level. Subsequently, we design an incentive mechanism based on the CZD strategies to attract devices to contribute all of their high-accuracy data to FL.Finally, we perform simulations to demonstrate that our proposed CZD-based incentive mechanism can indeed generate high and stable social welfare in FL.

关键词： Federated learning(FL) game theory incentive mechanism machine learning zero-determinant strategy

Problems and prospects of fish farming in the Chattogram Hill Tracts of Bangladesh:Community-based aquaculture might be a right choice

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 306-313页

作者： Saifuddin Rana MdNazmul Hasan Abdulla.al Bari Shahida Arfine Shimul SkIstiaque Ahmed Sk.Ahmad al Nahid Department of Fisheries Resource Management Faculty of FisheriesChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshi4225ChattogramBangladesh Department of Oceanography University of ChittagongChittagong4331Bangladesh

The study was carried out in Matiranga Upazila,Bandarban district,which is considered one of Bangladesh’s major hill tract regions.The study aimed to identify present farming conditions,prospects,and problems and suitable solutions to the problems of fish farming.Different participatory rapid appraisal tools such as focus group discussion,field visits,and farmers’interviews were used to collect relevant fish farming information in the study area.The polyculture method was the most practised aquaculture method.Among the selected farms,eleven fish species were identified as culture species.The transportation cost for seeds purchased from remote areas was high(11%of total seed cost).The average transportation-related mortality of fish fry and fingerlings was 7.2%and 2.8%.Feed cost was found as the major cost(58.4%)in aquaculture.Costs and revenue for fish production per decimal varied from BDT 311 to 3528 and BDT 23 to 1268.Utilization of vacant lake,youth and women engagement,integrated aquaculture,the desire of people to engage in aquaculture,and available human resources were found as significant prospects.The major problems identified were lack of hatchery,high feed cost,lack of stakeholder linkage,lack of capital for fish farming,and lack of proper knowledge,guidelines,and consultancy for fish culture.A community-based aquaculture model was proposed to overcome the present challenges and problems in the study area.The model may help to expand aquaculture and thus improve the livelihood and socio-economic status of the people of the hilly areas of Bangladesh.

关键词： Hilly area Aquaculture model Tribal people Fish farming prospects

Optimizing Traffic Signals in Smart Cities Based on Genetic algorithm

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第1期40卷 65-74页

作者： Nagham a.al-Madi Adnan A.Hnaif al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan Faculty of Science and Information TechnologyAmman11733Jordan

Current traffic signals in Jordan suffer from severe congestion due to many factors,such as the considerable increase in the number of vehicles and the use of fixed timers,which still control existing traffic signals.This condition affects travel demand on the streets of Jordan.This study aims to improve an intelligent road traffic management system(IRTMS)derived from the human community-based genetic algorithm(HCBGA)to mitigate traffic signal congestion in Amman,Jordan’s capital city.The parameters considered for IRTMS are total time and waiting time,and fixed timers are still used for control.By contrast,the enhanced system,called enhanced-IRTMS(E-IRTMS),considers additional important parameters,namely,the speed performance index(SPI),speed reduction index(SRI),road congestion index(R i),and congestion period,to enhance IRTMS decision.A significant reduction in congestion period was measured using E-IRTMS,improving by 13% compared with that measured using IRTMS.Meanwhile,the IRTMS result surpasses that of the current traffic signal system by approximately 83%.This finding demonstrates that the E-IRTMS based on HCBGA and with unfixed timers achieves shorter congestion period in terms of SPI,SRI,and R_(i) compared with IRTMS.

关键词： Genetic algorithm traffic signal congestion smart cities

Review of tribological properties of nanoparticle-based lubricants and their hybrids and composites

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 569-590页

作者： Ye Zar Ni HTWE Aws.S.al-JANABI Yasmin WADZER Hussin MAMAT Ku NOORYASMIN School of Materials&Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia School of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia

Due to their encouraging results,nanolubricants have been revolutionary in the field of lubrication.The degree,to which the new material may improve the tribology,energy savings,and durability,is a crucial consideration for any new additive to a conventional lubricant.The results of the earlier research on carbon,metal,metal oxide,and their composites and hybrid nanolubricants as well as their effects on tribology,are summarized in this review paper.The most popular measuring methodologies,the tribology results for lubricants with an oil base,biodegradable base,and a water base,as well as the reasons that explain these tribological advancements,are all included in this study.Finally,prospects for more study in this area are emphasized.

关键词： nanolubricants tribology carbon metal metal oxide hybrid

Activation Functions Effect on Fractal Coding Using Neural Networks

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 957-965页

作者： Rashad a.al-Jawfi Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences and ArtsNajran UniversityKSA

Activation functions play an essential role in converting the output of the artiﬁcial neural network into nonlinear results,since without this nonlinearity,the results of the network will be less accurate.Nonlinearity is the mission of all nonlinear functions,except for polynomials.The activation function must be dif-ferentiable for backpropagation learning.This study’s objective is to determine the best activation functions for the approximation of each fractal image.Different results have been attained using Matlab and Visual Basic programs,which indi-cate that the bounded function is more helpful than other functions.The non-lin-earity of the activation function is important when using neural networks for coding fractal images because the coefﬁcients of the Iterated Function System are different according to the different types of fractals.The most commonly cho-sen activation function is the sigmoidal function,which produces a positive value.Other functions,such as tansh or arctan,whose values can be positive or negative depending on the network input,tend to train neural networks faster.The coding speed of the fractal image is different depending on the appropriate activation function chosen for each fractal shape.In this paper,we have provided the appro-priate activation functions for each type of system of iterated functions that help the network to identify the transactions of the system.

关键词： Activation function fractal coding iterated function system

Are gender inclusiveness and rural transformation interlinked?The case of Bangladesh

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2112-2126页

作者： Maria Fay Rola-Rubzen Mohammad Jahangir alam Jon Marx Sarmiento Ismat Ara Begum al Amin al Abbasi Subrata Saha UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia Department of Agribusiness and Marketing Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh

Gender inclusiveness is important in the rural transformation process of Bangladesh as rural women play key roles in both agricultural and non-agricultural sectors.Gender inclusiveness also leads to gender equity.We empirically evaluate relationships between rural transformation and gender inclusiveness in Bangladesh.We consider three rural transformation indicators:high-value commodities’share in agricultural output values,non-farm employment’s share in rural labor employment,and non-agricultural GDP’s share in total GDP.Indicators capturing gender inclusiveness include the per capita rural income of males and females,ratio of investments into gender programs,female access to education,access to healthcare,employment participation,land ownership,and asset ownership.We test the effect of the difference in per capita rural income of males and females and the ratio of their incomes and check for the robustness of the gender variables across different model specifications.a.alyzing 128 district-level observations from 32 districts of Bangladesh across four time periods(2000,2005,2010 and 2016),we use both ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel regression models.We find that female land and asset ownership and access to education and healthcare are robust determinants of various stages of rural transformation.Thus,our results suggest that improving women’s ownership of land and assets and investing in women’s education and healthcare will likely contribute to a more inclusive rural transformation.

关键词： rural transformation Bangladesh gender inclusiveness investments on women

Results Involving Partial Differential Equations and Their Solution by Certain Integral Transform

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1593-1616页

作者： Rania Saadah Mohammed Amleh Ahmad Qazza Shrideh al-Omari Ahmet Ocak Akdemir Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAmman11134Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and LettersAgri Ibrahim莈鏴n UniversityAgri04100Turkey

In this study,we aimto investigate certain triple integral transformand its application to a class of partial differentialequations.We discuss various properties of the new transformincluding inversion, linearity, existence, scaling andshifting, etc. Then,we derive several results enfolding partial derivatives and establish amulti-convolution theorem.Further, we apply the aforementioned transform to some classical functions and many types of partial differentialequations involving heat equations,wave equations, Laplace equations, and Poisson equations aswell.Moreover,wedraw some figures to illustrate 3-D contour plots for exact solutions of some selected examples involving differentvalues in their variables.

关键词： ARA transform double ARA transform triple ARA transform partial differential equations integral transform

Numerical Treatments for Crossover Cancer Model of Hybrid Variable-Order Fractional Derivatives

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1619-1645页

作者： Nasser Sweilam Seham al-Mekhlafi Aya Ahmed Ahoud alsheri Emad Abo-Eldahab Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Mathematics Department Faculty of EducationSana’a UniversitySana’a1247Yemen Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceHelwan UniversityCairo11795Egypt Department of Mathematics College of ScienceUniversity of BishaAl Namas67398-5644Saudi Arabia

In this paper,two crossover hybrid variable-order derivatives of the cancer model are developed.Grünwald-Letnikov approximation is used to approximate the hybrid fractional and variable-order fractional operators.The existence,uniqueness,and stability of the proposed model are discussed.Adams Bashfourth’s fifth-step method with a hybrid variable-order fractional operator is developed to study the proposed models.Comparative studies with generalized fifth-order Runge-Kutta method are given.Numerical examples and comparative studies to verify the applicability of the used methods and to demonstrate the simplicity of these approximations are presented.We have showcased the efficiency of the proposed method and garnered robust empirical support for our theoretical findings.

关键词： Cancer diseases hybrid variable-order fractional derivatives adams bashfourth fifth step generalized fifth order Runge-Kutta method

Tuning the reactivity of TiO_(2)layer with uniform distribution of Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)particles via in situ voltage-assisted oxidation for robust ca.alytic reduction

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 223-234页

作者： Nisa Nashrah Abdelkarim Chaouiki Wail al Zoubi Young Gun Ko Integrated Materials Chemistry Laboratory School of Materials Science and EngineeringYeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea

The trade-off between efficiency and stability has limited the application of TiO_(2)as a ca.alyst due to its poor surface reactivity.Here,we present a modification of a TiO_(2)layer with highly stable Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles(NP)by modulating its structure-surface reactivity relationship to attain efficiency-stability balance via a voltage-assisted oxidation approach.In situ simultaneous oxidation of the Ti substrate and Fe precursor using high-energy plasma driven by high voltage resulted in uniform distribution of Fe_(2)O_(3)NP embedded within porous TiO_(2)layer.Comprehensive surface characterizations with density functional theory demonstrated an improved electronic transition in TiO_(2)due to the presence of surface defects from reactive oxygen species and possible charge transfer from Ti to Fe;it also unexpectedly increased the active site in the TiO_(2)layer due to uncoordinated electrons in Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)NP/TiO_(2)ca.alyst,thereby enhancing the adsorption of chemical functional groups on the ca.alyst.This unique embedded structure exhibited remarkable improvement in reducing 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol,achieving approximately 99%efficiency in 20 min without stability decay after 20 consecutive cycles,outperforming previously reported TiO_(2)-based ca.alysts.This finding proposes a modified-electrochemical strategy enabling facile construction of TiO_(2)with nanoscale oxides extandable to other metal oxide systems.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Oxide nanoparticle Electrochemical oxidation Surface reactivity Efficiency Stability