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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第1期8卷 24-28页

作者： Mohammad Kargar maryam homayoon Department of Microbiology Islamic Azad University Young Reseasrchers and Elite Club Marvdasht BranchIslamic Azad University

Objective:To survey the prevalence severe diarrhea arising from these bacteria in children under 5 years old in ***:In this study faecal sample from 615 children aged <5years old who were hospitalized lor gastroenteritis in Fars hospitals in Iran were collected and then enriched in Escherichia coli(***) broth and modified tryplone soy broth with novobiocin media,fermentation of sorbitol,lactose and β— glucoronidase activity of isolated strains was examined by CT—SMAC,VRBA and chromogenic media *** isolation of *** O157:H7 have been confirmed with the use of specific antisera and with multiplex PCR method presence of virulence genes including:xtx_***_2,*** has been ***:*** O157:H7 was detected in 7(1.14%) stool specimens.A significanl difference was seen between detection rale of isolated bacteria from age groups 18-23 months and other age groups(P=0.004).Out of considered virulence *** 1 of the isolated strains(0.16%)he stx,and eaeA genes were seen and also all isolated hacleria had resistance to penicillin,ampicillin and erythromycin ***:We found thai children < 2 years of age were at highest risk of infection with *** O157:*** severity of *** O157:H7 pathogenesis,low infectious dose and lack of routine assay for detection ol these bacleria in clinical laboratory,further and completed studies on diagnosis and genolyping of this *** O157:H7 strain has been recommended.

关键词： Escherichia coli O157:H7 Acute gastroenteritis Virulence genes Multiplex PCR

Adjuvant activity of Pasteurella multocida A strain,Pasteurella multocida B strain and Salmonella typhimurium bacterial DNA on cellular and humoral immunity responses against Pasteurella multocida specific strain infections in Balb/c mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第5期11卷 336-341页

作者： maryam homayoon Yahya Tahamtan Mohammad Kargar Seyed Mohammad Hossein Hosseini Abbas Akhavan Sepahy Department of Biology Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad University Department of Microbiology Shiraz BranchRazi Vaccine and Serum Research InstituteAgriculture ResearchEducation and Extension Organization Department of Microbiology Jahrom Branch Islamic Azad University Department of Microbiology Tehran North BranchIslamic Azad University

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Pasteurella multocida(P. multocida) vaccines on the expression and release of antibodies, interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-12 by serum. Methods: Balb/c mice were immunized with two formalin and iron inactivated vaccine doses within 2 weeks. The vaccines were adjuvant with P. multocida A strain, P. multocida B strain and Salmonella typhimurium bacterial DNA(AbDNA, BbDNA and SbDNA for short, respectively). The animals were challenged 4 weeks after immunization. Blood of mice was collected to detect the change of specific antibody, IL-6, and IL-12 using ELISA. Results: The specific antibody and interleukins in the immunized group increased significantly compared to the control mice after vaccination and challenge(P<0.05). The highest release of these cytokines was obtained by *** inactivated with iron and adjuvant with AbDNA at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. The antibody titer peak was 0.447 in mice vaccinated with iron-killed whole-cell antigen adjunct with AbDNA. The time-courses of release showed that bacterial DNA was able to stimulate IL-6 and IL-12 production more than alum(P<0.05). Conclusions: Our findings introduce that bacterial DNA is capable of releasing an immunological response with several *** indicate that bacterial DNA entrapped with killed P. multocida antigen is a new and effective adjuvant to enhance specific immunity and resistance of animal against the infectious pathogen, which could simplify the development of highly promising strong adjuvant.

关键词： Pasteurella multocida Bacterial DNA Adjuvant activity Vaccine Immunity Balb/c mice

Assessing the impact of climate change on agricultural production in central Afghanistan

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 12-23页

作者： homayoon RAOUFI Hamidreza JAFARI Wakil Ahmad SARHADI Esmail SALEHI Department of Environmental Planning Management and HealthSafetyand EnvironmentFaculty of EnvironmentUniversity of TehranTehran14174-66191Iran Faculty of Agriculture University of KunduzKunduz3502Afghanistan Faculty of Agriculture University of KabulKabul1001Afghanistan

Afghanistan has faced extreme climatic crises such as drought,rising temperature,and scarce precipitation,and these crises will likely worsen in the *** in crop yield can affect food security in Afghanistan,where the majority of population and economy are completely dependent on *** study assessed the interaction between climate change and crop yield in Kabul of Afghanistan during the reference(1990–2020)and future(2025–2100)*** data(1990–2020)were collected from four meteorological stations and three local organizations,and wheat yield data(1990–2020)were acquired from the United States Agriculture *** during the reference period(1990–2020)were used for the validation and calibration of the statistical downscaling models such as the Statistical Downscaling Model(SDSM)and Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator(LARS-WG).Furthermore,the auto-regression model was used for trend *** results showed that an increase in the average annual temperature of 2.15℃,2.89℃,and 4.13℃will lead to a reduction in the wheat yield of 9.14%,10.20%,and 12.00%under Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP)2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5 during the future period(2025–2100),***,an increase in the annual maximum temperature of 1.79℃,2.48℃,and 3.74℃also causes a significant reduction in the wheat yield of 2.60%,3.60%,and 10.50%under RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5,***,an increase in the annual minimum temperature of 2.98℃,2.23℃,and 4.30℃can result in an increase in the wheat yield of 6.50%,4.80%,and 9.30%under RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5,*** to the SDSM,the decrease of the average monthly precipitation of 4.34%,4.10%,and 5.13%results in a decrease in the wheat yield of 2.60%,2.36%,and 3.18%under RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5,*** study suggests that adaptation strategies can be applied to minimize the consequences of climate change on agricultural production.

关键词： Climate change Wheat yield Food security Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP) Afghanistan

New empirical model to evaluate groundwater flow into circular tunnel using multiple regression analysis

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第3期27卷 415-421页

作者： Farhadian Hadi Katibeh homayoon Departmen of Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Birjand Birjand Iran Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran

There are various analytical, empirical and numerical methods to calculate groundwater inflow into tun- nels excavated in rocky media. Analytical methods have been widely applied in prediction of groundwa- ter inflow to tunnels due to their simplicity and practical base theory. Investigations show that the real amount of water infiltrating into jointed tunnels is much less than calculated amount using analytical methods and obtained results are very dependent on tunnel＇s geometry and environmental situations. In this study, using multiple regression analysis, a new empirical model for estimation of groundwater seepage into circular tunnels was introduced. Our data was acquired from field surveys and laboratory analysis of core samples. New regression variables were defined after perusing single and two variables relationship between groundwater seepage and other variables. Finally, an appropriate model for estima- tion of leakage was obtained using the stepwise algorithm. Statistics like R, R2, R2e and the histogram of residual values in the model represent a good reputation and fitness for this model to estimate the groundwater seepage into tunnels. The new experimental model was used for the test data and results were satisfactory. Therefore, multiple regression analysis is an effective and efficient way to estimate the groundwater seeoage into tunnels.

关键词： Groundwater inflow Analytical equation Multiple regression analysis Stepwise algorithm Tunnel

Estimating seismic demand parameters using the endurance time method

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第8期12卷 616-626页

作者： Ramin MADARSHAHIAN homayoon ESTEKANCHI Akbar MAHVASHMOHAMMADI Department of Civil Engineering Sharif University of Technology ATLSS Center Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringLehigh University

The endurance time (ET) method is a time history based dynamic analysis in which structures are subjected to gradually intensifying excitations and their performances are judged based on their responses at various excitation levels. Using this method, the computational effort required for estimating probable seismic demand parameters can be reduced by an order of magnitude. Calculation of the maximum displacement or target displacement is a basic requirement for estimating performance based on structural design. The purpose of this paper is to compare the results of the nonlinear ET method with the nonlinear static pushover (NSP) method of FEMA 356 by evaluating performances and target displacements of steel frames. This study will lead to a deeper insight into the capabilities and limitations of the ET method. The results are further compared with those of the standard nonlinear response history analysis. We conclude that results from the ET analysis are in proper agreement with those from standard procedures.

关键词： Endurance time(ET) method Nonlinear static pushover(NSP) Nonlinear dynamic analysis(NDA) Target displacement

A method for matching response spectra of endurance time excitations via the Fourier transform

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2020年第3期19卷 637-648页

作者： Mohammadreza Mashayekhi homayoon EEstekanchi Hassan Vafai Department of Civil Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran

The endurance time(ET)method is a dynamic analysis in which structures are subjected to intensifying excitations,also known as ET excitation functions(ETEF).The ET method is a tool for structural response *** main advantage of the ET method over conventional approaches is its much lower demand for computational *** concept of acceleration spectra is used in generating existing *** is expected that ETEF acceleration spectra increase consistently with time and remain proportional to a target *** unconstrained optimization is commonly used to generate *** new ETEFs is a complicated time-consuming mathematical *** the target acceleration spectrum changes,new ETEFs must be *** study intends to modify existing ETEFs to be compatible with a desired acceleration *** process,called spectral matching,obviates the need for using the complicated generating procedure in simulating new *** spectral matching is introduced in this paper for the first time.A Fourier-based method for ETEFs spectral matching is *** algorithm is then applied in a case *** are presented to prove the efficiency of the algorithm.

关键词： spectrum. excitation acceleration

Investigation of the effect of nozzle shape on supersonic/hypersonic impactors designed for size discrimination of nanoparticles

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Particuology 2014年第5期12卷 60-68页

作者： Saeideh Saadabadi Omid Abouali homayoon Emdad Goodarz Ahmadi School of Mechanical Engineering Shiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA

In this study the flow field and the nanoparticle collection efficiency of supersonic/hypersonic impactors with different nozzle shapes were studied using a computational modeling approach. The aim of this study was to develop a nozzle design for supersonic]hypersonic impactors with the smallest possible cut-off size d5o and rather sharp collection efficiency curves. The simulation results show that the changes in the angle and width of a converging nozzle do not alter the cut-off size of the impactor; however, using a conical Laval nozzle with an L]Dn ratio less than or equal to 2 reduced d5o. The effect of using a cap as a focuser in the nozzle of a supersonic/hypersonic impactor was also investigated. The results show that adding a cap in front of the nozzle had a noticeable effect on decreasing the cut-off size of the impactor. Both fiat disks and conical caps were examined, and it was observed that the nozzle with the conical cap had a lower cut-off size.

关键词： Supersonic/hypersonic Impactor Nanoparticle Nozzle

Tunable graphene-based mid-infrared band-pass planar filter and its application

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第8期27卷 290-296页

作者： Somayyeh Asgari Hossein Rajabloo Nosrat Granpayeh homayoon Oraizi Center of Excellence in Electromagnetics Optical Communication Laboratory Faculty of Electrical EngineeringK N Toosi University of Technology Young Researchers and Elite Club Azadshahr Branch Islamic Azad University Department of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology

We have designed and proposed the edge modes supported by graphene ribbons and the planar band-pass filter consist- ing of graphene ribbons coupled to a graphene ring resonator by using the finite-difference time-domain numerical method. Simulation results show that the edge modes improve the electromagnetic coupling between devices. This structure works as a novel, tunable mid-infrared band-pass filter. Our studies will benefit the fabrication of planar, ultra-compact nano-scale devices in the mid-infrared region. A power splitter consisting of two output ribbons that is useful in photonic integrated devices and circuits is also designed and simulated. These devices are useful for designing ultra-compact planar devices in photonic integrated circuits.

关键词： band-pass filter graphene surface plasmons power splitter

Is nonlinear model predictive control with fuzzy predictive model proper for managing the blood glucose level in typeI diabetes?

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第2期5卷 63-74页

作者： maryam Ahmadi Amir homayoon Jafari Department of Biomedical Engineering Tehran University Tehran Iran Young Researcher Club Central Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

In recent decades, due to the increasing risk of diabetes, the measurement and control of the blood sugar is of great importance. In typeI diabetes, because of the lack of insulin secretion, the cells cannot absorb glucose, and thus have a low level of glucose. To control blood glucose, the insulin must be injected to the body. In fact, the injection must be in a completely controlled environment. If the level of the insulin exceeds the physiological limits, it may cause death. This paper presents an online approach to control the blood glucose level using a nonlinear model predictive control. This method, maintains the level of blood glucose concentration within a normal range. Thus, the blood glucose level is measured in each minute and predicted for the next time interval. If that is not in the normal range, amount of the insulin which must be injected will be determined. The proposed control approach includes important features such as model uncertainties and prevents acute decrease in the blood glucose level, and instability. In order to assess performance of the proposed controller, computer simulations have been carried out in Matlab/Simulink. Simulation results will reveal the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear model predictive controller in adjusting the blood glucose level by injecting required insulin. So if the nutrition of the person decreases instantly, the hypoglycemia does not happen.

关键词： Diabetes Delay of Insulin-Glucose Regulatory System Blood Glucose Level Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

Probabilistic seismic loss estimation via endurance time method

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2017年第1期16卷 233-245页

作者： Ehsan Tafakori Saeid Pourzeynali homayoon E. Estekanchi Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of GuilanP.O.Box 41635-3756RashtIran Department of Civil Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyP.O.Box 11155-9313TehranIran

Probabilistic Seismic Loss Estimation is a methodology used as a quantitative and explicit expression of the performance of buildings using terms that address the interests of both owners and insurance companies. Applying the ATC 58 approach for seismic loss assessment of buildings requires using Incremental Dynamic Analysis （IDA）, which needs hundreds of time-consuming analyses, which in turn hinders its wide application. The Endurance Time Method （ETM） is proposed herein as part of a demand propagation prediction procedure and is shown to be an economical alternative to IDA. Various scenarios were considered to achieve this purpose and their appropriateness has been evaluated using statistical methods. The most precise and efficient scenario was validated through comparison against IDA driven response predictions of 34 code conforming benchmark structures and was proven to be sufficiently precise while offering a great deal of efficiency. The loss values were estimated by replacing IDA with the proposed ETM-based procedure in the ATC 58 procedure and it was fotmd that these values suffer from varying inaccuracies, which were attributed to the discretized nature of damage and loss prediction functions provided by ATC 58.

关键词： performance-based earthquake engineering probabilistic seismic loss endurance time method uncertaintypropagation