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Absence of Na^+/sugar cotransport activity in Barrett's metaplasia

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第9期14卷 1365-1369页

作者： Lisa J murray Owen Tully David S Rudolph marysue Whitby mary C Valenzano Giancarlo mercogliano James J Thornton James m mullin Lankenau Institute for medical Research WynnewoodPAUnited States Saint Joseph's UniversityDepartment of BiologyPhiladelphiaPA 19096United States Lankenau Hospital Department of Medicine WynnewoodPA 19096United States Lankenau Hospital Department of MedicineWynnewoodPA 19096 United States Lankenau Institute for medical Research WynnewoodPAUnited States Lankeanu Hospital Division of GastroenterologyWynnewood PA 19096United States Lankeanu Hospital Division of GastroenterologyWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIm:To evaluate the presence of Na+-dependent, active, sugar transport in Barrett's epithelia as an intestinal biomarker, based on the well-documented, morphological intestinal phenotype of Barrett's esophagus (BE). mETHODS: We examined uptake of the nonmeta- bolizable glucose analogue, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside (AmG), a substrate for the entire sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) family of transport proteins. During upper endoscopy, patients with BE or with uncomplicated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) allowed for duodenal, gastric fundic, and esophageal mucosal biopsies to be taken. Biopsies were incubated in bicarbonate-buffered saline (KRB) containing 0.1 mmol/L 14C-AmG for 60 min at 20℃. Characterized by abundant SGLT, duodenum served as a positive control while gastric fundus and normal esophagus, known to lack SGLT, served as negative controls. RESULTS: Duodenal biopsies accumulated 249.84 ± 35.49 (SEm) picomoles AmG/μg DNA (n = 12), gastric fundus biopsies 36.20 ± 6.62 (n = 12), normal esophagus 12.10 ± 0.59 (n = 3) and Barrett's metaplasia 29.79 ± 5.77 (n = 8). There was a statistical difference (P m duodenum and each other biopsy site but there was no statistically significant difference between normal esophagus and BE biopsies. 0.5 mmol/L phlorizin (PZ) inhibited AmG uptake into duodenal mucosa by over 89%, but had nosignificant effect on AmG uptake into gastric fundus, normal esophagus, or Barrett's tissue. In the absence of Na+ (all Na+ salts replaced by Li+ salts), AmG uptake in duodenum was decreased by over 90%, while uptake into gastric, esophageal or Barrett's tissue was statistically unaffected. CONCLUSION: Despite the intestinal enterocyte phenotype of BE, Na+-dependent, sugar transport activity is not present in these cells.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Cancer Biomarker Sodium glucose cotransporters Glucose transport Alphamethyl-D-glucoside Phlorizin Esophagus metaplasia

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Crustal and uppermost mantle structure of Caucasus and surrounding regions

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Earthquake Science 2012年第5期25卷 505-515页

作者： Youshun Sun m Nafi Toksz Randolph J martin mary Krasovec Diming Yu Qingyun Liu Jun Liu State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics Institute of Geodesy and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary SciencesMassachusetts Institute of Technology New England Research Inc.White River Jct. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of Technology

A 3-D P-wave velocity model is developed for the crust and uppermost mantle of Caucasus and the surrounding area by applying the tomographic method of Zhao et al. using 300 000 high-quality P-wave first arrivals from 43 000 events between 1964 and 2005. This tomographic method can accommodate velocity discontinuities such as the moho in addition to smooth velocity variations. The spatial resolution is 1°× 1° in the horizontal direction and 10 km in depth. The velocity images of the upper crust correspond well with the surface geology. Beneath the southern Caucasus high velocity anomalies are found in the middle crust and low velocity anomalies are found in the uppermost mantle. Relatively low Pn velocities are located under the Lesser Caucasus, eastern Turkey, and northern Iran. Higher Pn velocities occur under the eastern portion of the Black Sea and the southern Caspian Sea, and also extend into the eastern edge of Azerbaijan. Tomographic model significantly reduces the travel-time residuals.

关键词： Caucasus region crustal structure Pn velocity 3-D tomography

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Estrogens, inflammation and obesity： an overview

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第1期7卷 40-47页

作者： Colette N. mILLER Lynda m. BROWN Srujana RAYALAm mary Anne DELLA-FER Clifton A. BAILE Department of Foods and Nutrition University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro NC 27401 USA Department of Animal andDairy Science University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Emerging research has suggested that inflammatory stress may play a role in the development of *** the leptin and insulin receptor are sensitive to intracellular inflammatory signaling that can be stimulated through toll-like receptor 4 activation by saturated fat. Pharmacological intervention within this cascade often protects animals from becoming obese, thus highlighting inflammatory pathways as a possible site of study in the prevention of pathologic weight gain. It has been well established in animal models that females display a marked reduction in the susceptibility to weight gain on high-fat diets compared to males. In addition, it has been widely accepted that females are partially protected from inflammatory-related diseases. At the molecular level, this reduction in disease susceptibility has been suggested to be due to the anti-inflammatory properties of 17 β-estradiol. Through direct free radical scavenging, transcriptional regulation, and protein interactions, chronic exposure to estradiol can reduce systemic inflammatory stress. As the knowledge base continues to grow on the etiology of obesity, further research is needed on the precise molecular pathways that can be inhibited by estradiol. Understanding of such pathways may provide a basis for the future use of estrogen and its related compounds （daidzein, genistein, resveratrol） to prevent weight gain in peri- and post-menopausal females.

关键词： inflammation obesity sex differences estrogen high fat diets phytoestrogens

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molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第41期22卷 9214-9221页

作者： Denise E Brennan Joseph Omorogbe mary Hussey Donal Tighe Grainne Holleran Colm O'morain Sinéad m Smith Deirdre mcNamara Department of Clinical medicine School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Trinity College Dublin

AIm To compare(1) demographics in urea breath test(UBT) vs endoscopy patients; and(2) the molecular detection of antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy *** Six hundred and sixteen adult patients undergoing endoscopy or a UBT were prospectively recruited to the study. The Geno Type Helico DR assay was used to detect Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) and antibiotic resistance using biopsy and/or stool samples from CLOpositive endoscopy patients and stool samples from UBT-positive patients. RESULTS Infection rates were significantly higher in patients referred for a UBT than endoscopy(overall rates: 33% vs 19%; treatment-na?ve patients: 33% vs 14.7%, respectively). H. pylori-infected UBT patients were younger than H. pylori-infected endoscopy patients(41.4 vs 48.4 years, respectively, P males in the endoscopy-compared to the UBT-cohort(52.6% vs 33.3%, P = 0.03). The Geno Type Helico DR assay was more accurate at detecting H. pylori infection using biopsy samples than stool samples [98.2%(n = 54/55) vs 80.3%(n =53/66), P mples from CLO-positive endoscopy patients revealed a higher detection rate ofresistance-associated mutations using stool samples compared to biopsies. The concordance rates between stool and biopsy samples for the detection of H. pylori DNA, clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone resistance were just 85%, 53% and 35%, respectively. CONCLUSION Differences between endoscopy and UBT patients provide a rationale for non-invasive detection of H. pylori antibiotic resistance. However, the Geno Type Helico DR assay is an unsuitable approach.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic resistance Clarithromycin Fluoroquinolone molecular methods

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众脑之力:通过开放神经影像数据和大规模协作催化神经精神疾病的创新发现

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1536-1555页

作者：鲁彬陈骁 Francisco Xavier Castellanos Paul m.Thompson 左西年臧玉峰严超赣 CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew York 10016USA d Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research Orangeburg 10962USA Imaging Genetics Center Mark&Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging&InformaticsKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles 90033USA Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China National Basic Science Data Center Beijing 100190China Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310004China Institute of Psychological Science Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310030China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairment Hangzhou 311121China International Big-Data Center for Depression Research Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Recent advances in open neuroimaging data are enhancing our comprehension of neuropsychiatric *** pooling images from various cohorts,statistical power has increased,enabling the detection of subtle abnormalities and robust associations,and fostering new research *** collaborations in imaging have furthered our knowledge of the neurobiological foundations of brain disorders and aided in imaging-based prediction for more targeted ***-scale magnetic resonance imaging initiatives are driving innovation in analytics and supporting generalizable psychiatric *** also emphasize the significant role of big data in understanding neural mechanisms and in the early identification and precise treatment of neuropsychiatric ***,challenges such as data harmonization across different sites,privacy protection,and effective data sharing must be *** proper governance and open science practices,we conclude with a projection of how large-scale imaging resources and collaborations could revolutionize diagnosis,treatment selection,and outcome prediction,contributing to optimal brain health.

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging Neuropsychiatric disorders Big data Open science Artificial intelligence

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活动期糖尿病夏科神经性骨关节病诊疗指南——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病相关的足病预防与管理指南(2023)》的一部分

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感染、炎症、修复 2024年第1期25卷 52-71页

作者： Dane K.Wukich Nicolaas C.Schaper Catherine Gooday Arun Bal Robert Bem Avneesh Chhabra mary Hastings Crystal Holmes Nina L.Petrova maria Gala Santini Araujo Eric Senneville Katherine m.Raspovic on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot 赵宏谋徐俊(译) 张明珠(审校) Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA Division of Endocrinology MUMC+CARIM and CAPHRI InstituteMaastrichtthe Netherlands Elsie Bertram Diabetes Centre Norfolk&Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNorfolkUK Secretary International Association of Diabetic Foot SurgeonsMumbaiIndia Diabetes Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague Department of Radiology UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMissouriUSA The Division of metabolism Endocrinology and DiabetesThe University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA Department of Diabetes Diabetic Foot ClinicKing’s College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Infectious Diseases Gustave Dron HospitalTourcoingFrance 不详西安交通大学医学院附属红会医院陕西西安710054 天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院天津300314 首都医科大学附属同仁医院北京100730

国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)自1999年以来发布了糖尿病足病预防和治疗的循证指南。这是IWGDF发布的第一部关于糖尿病患者活动期夏科神经性骨关节病诊断和治疗的指南。我们遵循GRADE方法,以人群-评估-比较-结局(PACO)和人群-干预-比较-结... 详细信息

国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)自1999年以来发布了糖尿病足病预防和治疗的循证指南。这是IWGDF发布的第一部关于糖尿病患者活动期夏科神经性骨关节病诊断和治疗的指南。我们遵循GRADE方法,以人群-评估-比较-结局(PACO)和人群-干预-比较-结局(PICO)的格式设计临床问题,系统检索医学文献,并提出有依据的推荐。这些推荐是基于我们系统综述的证据,如无证据则参考专家意见,并考虑到与干预相关的受益和危害、患者偏好、可行性和适用性以及成本的权衡。我们在本章节介绍了2023年糖尿病患者活动期夏科神经性骨关节病的诊断和治疗指南,并提出了未来的关键研究方向。

关键词：糖尿病夏科神经性骨关节病,活动期诊断治疗国际糖尿病足工作组指南

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Differential Effects of Strategies to Improve the Transduction Efficiency of Lentiviral Vector that Conveys an Anti-HIV Protein,Nullbasic,in Human T Cells

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第2期33卷 142-152页

作者： Lina Rustanti Hongping Jin Dongsheng Li mary Lor Haran Sivakumaran David Harrich Faculty of medicine The University of Queensland Department of Cell and molecular Biology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute National Institute of Health Research and Development the Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia Central Jakarta

Nullbasic is a mutant form of HIV-1 Tat that has strong ability to protect cells from HIV-1 replication by inhibiting three different steps of viral replication: reverse transcription, Rev export of viral m RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and transcription of viral m RNA by RNA polymerase II. We previously showed that Nullbasic inhibits transduction of human cells including T cells by HIV-1-based lentiviral vectors. Here we investigated whether the Nullbasic antagonists huTat2(a Tat targeting intrabody), HIV-1 Tat or Rev proteins or cellular DDX1 protein could improve transduction by a HIV-1 lentiviral vector conveying Nullbasic-Zs Green1 to human T cells. We show that overexpression of huTat2, Tat-FLAG and DDX1-HA in virus-like particle(VLP) producer cells significantly improved transduction efficiency of VLPs that convey Nullbasic in Jurkat cells. Specifically, co-expression of Tat-FLAG and DDX1-HA in the VLP producer cell improved transduction efficiency better than if used individually. Transduction efficiencies could be further improved by including a spinoculation step. However, the same optimised protocol and using the same VLPs failed to transduce primary human CD4^+T cells. The results imply that the effects of Nullbasic on VLPs on early HIV-1 replication are robust in human CD4^+T cells. Given this significant block to lentiviral vector transduction by Nullbasic in primary CD4^+T cells, our data indicate that gammaretroviral, but not lentiviral, vectors are suitable for delivering Nullbasic to primary human T cells.

关键词： HIV-1 Transduction Lentiviral vector Nullbasic Tat Rev DDX1 lntrabody

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Human activity affects the perception of risk by mule deer

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 693-699页

作者： mary V. PRICE Evelyn H. STROmBOm Daniel T. BLUmSTEIN The Rocky mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte CO 81224 USA School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA

Human activity has been shown to influence how animals assess the risk of predation, but we know little about the spatial scale of such impacts. We quantified how vigilance and flight behavior in mule deer Odocoileus hemionus varied with distance from an area of concentrated human activity--a subalpine field station. An observer walked trails at various distances away from the station looking for deer. Upon encounter, the observer walked toward the focal animal and noted the distance at which it alerted and directed its attention to the approaching human （Alert Distance; AD）, and the distance at which it fled （Flight Initiation Distance;. FID）. AD and FID both increased nonlinearly with distance from the center of the field station, reaching pla- teaus around 250 m and 750 m, respectively. Deer also tended to flee by stotting or running, rather than by walking, when far from the station but they walked away when near the station. These results indicate that deer perceive lower risk near a focused area of human activity, and that vigilance and flight behaviors respond on somewhat different spatial scales. The concept of a spatial ＂human footprint＂ on behavior may be useful for understanding how human activities affect wildlife

关键词： Flight initiation distance Alert distance Predation risk assessment Human disturbance mule deer Odocoileushemionus Vigilance

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Differences between delusional disorder and schizophrenia:A mini narrative review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第5期12卷 683-692页

作者： Alexandre González-Rodríguez mary V Seeman Department of mental Health Mutua Terrassa University HospitalUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona 08280Spain Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoToronto M5P 3L6OntarioCanada

Psychotic syndromes are divided into affective and non-affective *** among the non-affective forms,substantial differences *** aim of this relatively brief review is to synthesize what is known about the differences between two non-affective psychoses,schizophrenia and delusional disorder(DD),with respect to clinical,epidemiological,sociodemographic,and treatment response characteristics.A Pubmed literature search revealed the following:in schizophrenia,hallucinations,negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms are *** are rare in *** to schizophrenia patients,individuals with DD maintain relatively good function,and their delusions are believable;many are beliefs that are widely held in the general *** are generally similar in these two forms of psychosis,with the exception that antidepressants are used more frequently in DD and,for acute treatment,effective antipsychotic doses are lower in DD than in *** is with the hope that the contrasts between these two conditions will aid in the provision of safe and effective treatment for both that this review has been conducted.

关键词： Non-affective psychosis Delusional disorder Schizophrenia Epidemiology Symptoms Treatment response

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Radioembolization for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:A clinical review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第11期14卷 1664-1669页

作者： Saad m Ibrahim Robert J Lewandowski Kent T Sato Vanessa L Gates Laura Kulik mary F mulcahy Robert K Ryu Reed A Omary Riad Salem Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of Nuclear medicine Northwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of medicine Division of HepatologyNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of medicine Divisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie ComprehensiveCancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of MedicineDivisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most common cancer in the *** majority of patients with HCC present with unresectable *** patients have historically had limited treatment options secondary to HCC demonstrating chemoresistance to the currently available systemic ***, normal liver parenchyma has shown intolerance to tumoricidal radiation doses,limiting the use of external beam *** of these limitations,novel percutaneous liver-directed therapies have emerged. The targeted infusion of radioactive microspheres (radioembolization)represents one such therapy. Radioembolization is a minimally invasive transcatheter therapy through which radioactive microspheres are infused into the hepatic arteries that supply tumor. Once infused,these microspheres traverse the hepatic vascular plexus and selectively implant within the tumor *** within the arterioles, the 90Y impregnated microspheres emit high energy and low penetrating radiation doses selectively to the *** has recently shown promise for the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. The objective of this review article is to highlight twocurrently available radioembolic devices(90Y,188Rh)and provide the reader with a recent review of the literature.

关键词： Radioembolization Brachytherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Yttrium-90 Rhenium-188

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