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Radioembolization for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:A clinical review

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第11期14卷 1664-1669页

作者： Saad M Ibrahim Robert J Lewandowski Kent T Sato Vanessa L Gates Laura Kulik mary f mulcahy Robert K Ryu Reed A Omary Riad Salem Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of Nuclear Medicine Northwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Medicine Division of HepatologyNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Medicine Divisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie ComprehensiveCancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyNorthwestern MemorialHospitalRobert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterChicago60611United States Department of MedicineDivisionof Hematology and OncologyRobert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern Memorial HospitalChicago 60611United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most common cancer in the *** majority of patients with HCC present with unresectable *** patients have historically had limited treatment options secondary to HCC demonstrating chemoresistance to the currently available systemic ***, normal liver parenchyma has shown intolerance to tumoricidal radiation doses,limiting the use of external beam *** of these limitations,novel percutaneous liver-directed therapies have emerged. The targeted infusion of radioactive microspheres (radioembolization)represents one such therapy. Radioembolization is a minimally invasive transcatheter therapy through which radioactive microspheres are infused into the hepatic arteries that supply tumor. Once infused,these microspheres traverse the hepatic vascular plexus and selectively implant within the tumor *** within the arterioles, the 90Y impregnated microspheres emit high energy and low penetrating radiation doses selectively to the *** has recently shown promise for the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. The objective of this review article is to highlight twocurrently available radioembolic devices(90Y,188Rh)and provide the reader with a recent review of the literature.

关键词： Radioembolization Brachytherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Yttrium-90 Rhenium-188

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Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma to chemoembolization

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第25期16卷 3161-3167页

作者： Johnathan C Chung Neel K Naik Robert J Lewandowski mary f mulcahy Laura M Kulik Kent T Sato Robert K Ryu Riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary Department of Radiology North-western University Chicago IL 60611 United States Clinical Sciences Research Division Gastrointestinal Oncology Program Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Chicago IL 60611 United StatesMary F Mulcahy Department of Medicine Division of Hema-tology and Oncology Northwestern Memorial Hospital Chi-cago IL 60611 United States Department of Hepatology Northwestern Uni-versity Chicago IL 60611 United States Reed A Omary Department of Biomedi-cal Engineering Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 United States

AIM: To investigate whether intra-procedural diffusion- weighted magnetic resonance imaging can predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during trans- catheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). METHODS: Sixteen patients (15 male), aged 59 ±11 years (range: 42-81 years) underwent a total of 21 separate treatments for unresectable HCC in a hybrid magnetic resonance/interventional radiology suite. Ana- tomical imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (b = 0, 500 s/mm2) were performed on a 1.5-T unit. Tumor enhancement and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC, mm2/s) values were assessed immediately before and at 1 and 3 mo after TACE. We calculated the percent change (PC) in ADC values at all time points. We compared follow-up ADC values to baseline values using a paired t test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The intra-procedural sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (%) for detecting a complete or partial 1-mo tumor response using ADC PC thresholds of ±5%, ±10%, and ±15% were 77, 67, 91, and 40; 54, 67, 88, and 25; and 46, 100, 100, and 30, respectively. There was no clear predictive value for the 3-mo follow-up. Compared to baseline, the immediate post-procedure and 1-mo mean ADC values both increased; the latter obtaining statistical significance (1.48 ± 0.29 mm2/s vs 1.65 ± 0.35 × 10-3 mm2/s, P f > 15% predicted 1-mo anatomical HCC response with the greatest accuracy, and can provide valuable feedback at the time of TACE.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Diffusion-weighted imaging Apparent diffusion coefficient functional imaging biomarker

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Effects of radiation upon gastrointestinal motility

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第19期13卷 2684-2692页

作者： mary f Otterson Departments of Surgery and Physiology Cancer Center and Digestive Diseases Center Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center Milwaukee Wisconsin 4-4-2007 United States

Whether due to therapeutic or belligerent exposure, the gastrointestinal effects of irradiation produce symptoms dreaded by a majority of the population. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramping are hallmarks of the prodromal phase of radiation sickness, occurring hours to days following radiation exposure. The prodromal phase is distinct from acute radiation sickness in that the absorptive, secretory and anatomic changes associated with radiation damage are not easily identifi able. It is during this phase of radiation sickness that gastrointestinal motility significantly changes. In addition, there is evidence that motor activity of the gut contributes to some of the acute and chronic effects of radiation.

关键词： Electrical control activity Retrograde giant contraction Giant migrating contraction Migrating motor Complex Radiation therapy

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Prostate cancer upgrading or downgrading of biopsy Gleason scores at radical prostatectomy:prediction of"regression to the mean"using routine clinical features with correlating biochemical relapse rates

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第6期21卷 598-604页

作者： Muammer Altok Patricia Troncoso mary f Achim Surena f Matin Graciela N Gonzalez John W Davis Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pathology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Biostatistics University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA.

Recommendations for managing clinically localized prostate cancer are structured around clinical risk criteria,with prostate biopsy(PB)Gleason score(GS)being the most important *** to radical prostatectomy(RP)specimen upgrading/downgrading is welldescribed,and is often the ratio nale for costly imaging or genomic *** prese nt simple,no-cost an a lyses of clinical parametersto predict which GS 6 and GS 8 patients will change to GS 7 at *** May 2006 to December 2012,1590 patientsunderwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).After exclusions,we identified a GS 6 cohort of 374 patients and a GS 8cohort of 91 *** this era,>1000 additional patients were enrolled in an active surveillanee(AS)*** GS 6,265(70.9%)of 374 patients were upgraded,and the cohort included 183(48.9%)patients eligible for AS by the Prostate Cancer ResearchInternational Active Surveillance Study(PRIAS)standards,of which 57.9%were *** features that predicted a>90%chanceof upgrading included≥7 cores positive,maximum foci length≥8 mm in any core,and total tumor involvement≥30%.for GS 8,downgrading occurred in 46(50.5%),which was significantly higher for single core versus multiple cores(80.4%vs 19.6%,P=0.011).Biochemical recurre nee(BCR)occurred in 3.4%of GS 6 upgraded versus 0%non upgraded,and in GS 8,19.6%downgraded versus42.2%nondown *** coun seling men with clin ically localized prostate can cer,the odds of GS cha nge should be presented,andcertain men with high-volume GS 6 or low-volume GS 8 can be counseled with GS 7-based recommendations.

关键词： biopsy down grade Gleas on score prostate cancer upgrade

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Iterative coupling reservoir simulation on high performance computers

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Petroleum Science 2009年第1期6卷 43-50页

作者： Lu Bo Wheeler mary f. BP America Inc. Houston TX 77079 US Department of Petroleum ＆ Geosystems Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

In this paper, the iterative coupling approach is proposed for applications to solving multiphase flow equation systems in reservoir simulation, as it provides a more flexible time-stepping strategy than existing approaches. The iterative method decouples the whole equation systems into pressure and saturation/concentration equations, and then solves them in sequence, implicitly and semi-implicitly. At each time step, a series of iterations are computed, which involve solving linearized equations using specific tolerances that are iteration dependent. following convergence of subproblems, material balance is checked. Convergence of time steps is based on material balance errors. Key components of the iterative method include phase scaling for deriving a pressure equation and use of several advanced numerical techniques. The iterative model is implemented for parallel computing platforms and shows high parallel efficiency and scalability.

关键词： Iterative coupling reservoir simulation multiphase flow phase scaling parallel scalability

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Seasonal movement of the American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus in a semi-enclosed bay on Cape Cod,Massachusetts (USA) as determined by acoustic telemetry

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Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 575-586页

作者： mary-Jane JAMES-PIRRI Graduate School of Oceanography University of Rhode Island

American horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus were tracked using acoustic telemetry and traditional tagging in a semi-enclosed bay on Cape Cod （Pleasant Bay）, Massachusetts, USA, to determine seasonal movement patterns. fifty-five actively spawning females were fitted with transmitters in 2008 and 2009 and were tracked using acoustic telemetry from May 2008 through July 2010. fil^een crabs with transmitters also had archive depth-temperature tags attached. In addition, over 2000 spawning crabs （males and females） were tagged with US fish and Wildlife CIdSfWS） button tags over the same period. Ninety-one percent of the crabs with transmitters were detected during this study. In the spring, crabs were primarily located in the northern section of the bay near spawning beaches, whereas in the fall crabs moved towards the deeper portions of the bay, and some may have overwIntered in the bay. There was evidence that a majority （58%-71%） of the females with transmitters spawned in two sequential seasons. One archive tag was recovered resulting in a year-long continuous record of depth and tem- perature data that, when integrated with telemetry data, indicated that the crab overwintered in the bay. The live recapture rate of crabs with USfWS button tags was 11%, with all re-sighted crabs except one observed inside Pleasant Bay. Eighty-three percent of recaptures were found within 2.5kin of the tagging location, and 51% were observed at the same beach where they were tagged. This study provides further evidence that horseshoe crabs in Pleasant Bay may be philopatric to this embayment

关键词： Horseshoe crab New England Telemetry Seasonal movement

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Mimicry and masquerade from the avian visual perspec-tive

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Current Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 630-648页

作者： mary Caswell STODDARD Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3E J UK

Several of the most celebrated examples of visual mimicry, like mimetic eggs laid by avian brood parasites and pala-table insects mimicking distasteful ones, involve signals directed at the eyes of birds. Despite this, studies of mimicry from the avian visual perspective have been rare, particularly with regard to defensive mimicry and masquerade. Defensive visual mimicry, which includes Batesian and Mtillerian mimicry, occurs when organisms share a visual signal that functions to deter predators. Masquerade occurs when an organism mimics an inedible or uninteresting object, such as a leaf, stick, or pebble. In this paper, I present five case studies covering diverse examples of defensive mimicry and masquerade as seen by birds. The best-known cases of defensive visual mimicry typically come from insect prey, but birds themselves can exhibit defensive visual mimicry in an at- tempt to escape mobbing or dissuade avian predators. Using examples of defensive visual mimicry by both insects and birds, I show how quantitative models of avian color, luminance, and pattern vision can be used to enhance our understanding of mimicry in many systems and produce new hypotheses about the evolution and diversity of signals. Overall, I investigate examples of Batesian mimicry （1 and 2）, Miillerian mimicry （3 and 4）, and masquerade （5） as follows： 1） Polymorphic mimicry in African mocker swallowtail butterflies; 2） Cuckoos mimicking sparrowhawks; 3） Mimicry rings in Neotropical butterflies; 4） Plumage mimicry in toxic pitohuis; and 5） Dead leaf-mimicking butterflies and mantids.

关键词： Mimicry Masquerade Protective coloration Avian vision Pattern Luminance

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Protective effects ofLactobacillus plantarum against epithelial barrier dysfunction of human colon cell line NCM460

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第45期16卷 5759-5765页

作者： mary Pat Moyer INCELL Corporation San AntonioTX 78249United States

AIM: To investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum ) in the intestinal permeability and expression of tight junction (TJ) using the normal human colon cell line NCM460. METHODS: Paracellular permeability of NCM460 monolayers was determined by transepithelial electrical resistance and dextran permeability. Expression of TJ proteins in NCM460 cell monolayers was detected by Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain ***: L. plantarum played an important role in increasing transepithelial electrical resistance and decreasing the permeability to macromolecules of NCM460 monolayers against the disruption caused by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli ) or enteroinvasive E. coli . L. plantarum also prevented the decrease in the expression of TJ proteins and f-actin in NCM460 ***: L. plantarum can protect against dysfunction of NCM460 intestinal epithelial barrier caused by enteropathogenic E. coli or enteroinvasive E. coli , and thus can be a potential candidate of therapeutic agents for the treatment of intestinal diseases.

关键词： Lactobacillus plantarum NCM460 Tight junction Intestinal barrier

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Turning teawaste particles into magnetic bio-sorbents particles for arsenic removal from wastewater:Isotherm and kinetic studies

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 179-193页

作者： mary McGeogh Hamza Annath Chirangano Mangwandi School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastDavid Kier BuildingBT95AGUnited Kingdorm Department of Chermnistry Lancaster UniversityBailrigsLancasterLA14YBUnited Kingdom

The primary objective of this research was to assess the potential of magnetic bleached biochar(MBBC)as a cost-effective adsorbent for arsenic *** achieve this,locally collected tea wastes underwent meticulous cleaning,bleaching,and modifications via thermal and chemical *** non-magnetic and magnetic biochar adsorbents were thoroughly characterized using fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy(fT-IR)and thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA).Subsequently,the adsorptive performance of MBBC in removing arsenic from wastewater samples was investigated,considering various crucial parameters such as adsorbent-adsorbate contact time,concentration of As,temperature,adsorbent dosage,and the regeneration-ability of the *** experimental data for the adsorption process were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm,indicating its suitability for the MBBC ***,the MBBC demonstrated a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of approximately 714 mg/g at room temperature,highlighting its efficiency as an arsenic ***,the Lagergren's Pseudo-second order kinetic model proved to be the most suitable for describing the adsorption kinetics,confirming the chemisorption nature of the *** results also indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic and feasible,suggesting its viability for practical *** all findings into account,the comprehensive analysis strongly supports the potential use of MBBC as a highly promising and cost-effective adsorbent for efficiently removing arsenic from aqueous *** research contributes valuable insights to the field of wastewater treatment and offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for tackling arsenic contamination in water sources.

关键词： Arsenics Wastewater Adsorption Magnetic bio-char Teawaste

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Bayesian Optimization for field-Scale Geological Carbon Storage

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Engineering 2022年第11期18卷 96-104页

作者： Xueying Lu Kirk E.Jordan mary f.Wheeler Edward O.Pyzer-Knapp Matthew Benatan Center for Subsurface Modeling Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and SciencesThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA IBM Research United Kingdom Warrington WA44ADUK

We present a framework that couples a high-fidelity compositional reservoir simulator with Bayesian optimization(BO)for injection well scheduling optimization in geological carbon *** work represents one of the first at tempts to apply BO and high-fidelity physics models to geological carbon *** implicit parallel accurate reservoir simulator(IPARS)is utilized to accurately capture the underlying physical processes during CO_(2)*** provides a framework for several flow and mechanics models and thus supports both stand-alone and coupled *** this work,we use the compositional flow module to simulate the geological carbon storage *** compositional flow model,which includes a hysteretic three-phase relative permeability model,accounts for three major CO_(2)trapping mechanisms:structural trapping,residual gas trapping,and solubility ***,IPARS is coupled to the International Business Machines(IBM)Corporation Bayesian Optimization Accelerator(BOA)for parallel optimizations of CO_(2)injection strategies during field-scale CO_(2)*** builds a probabilistic surrogate for the objective function using a Bayesian machine learning algorithm-the Gaussian process regression,and then uses an acquisition function that leverages the uncertainty in the surrogate to decide where to *** IBM BOA addresses the three weaknesses of standard BO that limits its scalability in that IBM BOA supports parallel(batch)executions,scales better for high-dimensional problems,and is more robust to *** demonstrate these merits by applying the algorithm in the optimization of the CO_(2)injection schedule in the Cranfield site in Mississippi,USA,using field *** optimized injection schedule achieves 16%more gas storage volume and 56%less water/surfactant usage compared with the *** performance of BO is compared with that of a genetic algorithm(GA)and a covariance matrix adaptation(CMA)-e

关键词： Compositional flow Bayesian optimization Geological carbon storage CCUS Machine learning AI for science

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