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Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16079-16094页

作者： Davide Festi Ramona Schiumerini Leonardo Henry Eusebi Giovanni Marasco martina taddia Antonio Colecchia Department of Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine University of BolognaS Orsola Hospital40138 BolognaItaly

Gut microbiota exerts a significant role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, as confirmed by studies conducted both on humans and animal models. Gut microbial composition and functions are strongly influenced by diet. This complex intestinal “superorganism” seems to affect host metabolic balance modulating energy absorption, gut motility, appetite, glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as hepatic fatty storage. An impairment of the fine balance between gut microbes and host’s immune system could culminate in the intestinal translocation of bacterial fragments and the development of “metabolic endotoxemia”, leading to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. Diet induced weight-loss and bariatric surgery promote significant changes of gut microbial composition, that seem to affect the success, or the inefficacy, of treatment strategies. Manipulation of gut microbiota through the administration of prebiotics or probiotics could reduce intestinal low grade inflammation and improve gut barrier integrity, thus, ameliorating metabolic balance and promoting weight loss. However, further evidence is needed to better understand their clinical impact and therapeutic use.

关键词： Gut microbiota Metabolic syndrome Obesity Diabetes Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Probiotic Prebiotic Bariatric surgery

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Prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 5935-5950页

作者： Antonio Colecchia Ramona Schiumerini Alessandro Cucchetti Matteo Cescon martina taddia Giovanni Marasco Davide Festi Department of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Internal Medicine University of Bologna 40138 Bologna Italy Department of General Surgery and Transplants University of Bologna 40138 Bologna Italy

The recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma,the sixth most common neoplasm and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide,represents an important clinical problem,since it may occur after both surgical and medical *** recurrence rate involves 2 phases:an early phase and a late *** early phase usually occurs within 2 years after resection;it is mainly related to local invasion and intrahepatic metastases and,therefore,to the intrinsic biology of the *** the other hand,the late phase occurs more than 2 years after surgery and is mainly related to de novo tumor formation as a consequence of the carcinogenic cirrhotic *** recent studies have reported that early and late recurrences may have different risk factors,it is clinically important to recognize these factors in the individual patient as soon as *** aim of this review was,therefore,to identify predicting factors for the recurrence of hepatocellularcarcinoma,by means of invasive and non-invasive methods,according to the different therapeutic strategies *** particular the role of emerging techniques(e.g.,transient elastography)and biological features of hepatocellular carcinoma in predicting recurrence have been *** particular,invasive methods were differentiated from non-invasive ones for research purposes,taking into consideration the emerging role of the genetic signature of hepatocellular carcinoma in order to better allocate treatment strategies and surveillance follow-up in patients with this type of tumor.

关键词： Percutaneous ethanol injection Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation Transarterial chemoembolization Hepatic resection Orthotopic liver transplant Liver biopsy Liver stiffness measurement Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment and Wellhead Protection Areas to Prevent Groundwater Contamination in Agricultural Areas: An Integrated Approach

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第8期4卷 674-685页

作者： Stefano Lo Russo Glenda taddia Polytechnic of Turin

To implement successful policies for the protection of groundwater and curtail the possibility of water supply contamination, an early evaluation of aquifer vulnerability is needed. Rather than implementing broad restrictions to land use and effluent discharge, it is more cost-effective and economically favourable to approach protection in a stepwise manner by first assessing the intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer when defining the level of land use control that is needed to protect groundwater quality. Following aquifer vulnerability evaluation, specific land uses and restrictions should be defined locally for each water supply within the wellhead protection areas (WHPAs), which are identified by means of the groundwater time of travel (TOT). The WHPA should be established for each individual situation, considering the level of vulnerability of the exploited aquifer. We applied our findings to a specific test site in the Piemonte region of NW Italy, following the current local procedure for individuating the WHPAs. Using data gathered from this site-specific exercise, we identified that the procedure allows methods that consider only aquifer parameters to evaluate vulnerability and discourages the use of techniques that already compartmentalize soil parameters in the vulnerability assessment.

关键词： Groundwater Protection Zones WHPA Vulnerability FEFLOW Piemonte Italy

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又慢又穷的蜜月旅行

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环境与生活 2013年第9期 98-99页

作者： Federico taddia sunset123

一对意大利新婚夫妇提供了一次旅行的范本:花近一年时间完成环球蜜月行,原则是慢游、穷游。伤时间,不伤钱,满血归来。度一次蜜月,9万公里路程,321天时间。路上的规则有两条:一是决不坐飞机;二是两个人吃一顿饭决不超过15欧元。32岁的翻... 详细信息

一对意大利新婚夫妇提供了一次旅行的范本:花近一年时间完成环球蜜月行,原则是慢游、穷游。伤时间,不伤钱,满血归来。度一次蜜月,9万公里路程,321天时间。路上的规则有两条:一是决不坐飞机;二是两个人吃一顿饭决不超过15欧元。32岁的翻译艾丽萨·波卡和37岁的摄影师亚历山德罗·波卡,是这次环球蜜月旅行的主角,他们走过了美国、墨西哥、南非、中国和俄罗斯等26个国家,最终回到出发地意大利北部城市维罗纳。"我们相识后就开始谈论这次旅行,"艾

关键词：蜜月旅行大西洋意大利墨西哥

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