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Social networks of reintroduced Przewalski's horses in the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area (Mongolia)

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 182-194页

作者： Anna Bernatkova Ganbaatar Oyunsaikhan Jaroslav Simek martina Komarkova Francisco Ceacero Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences PragueCzech Republic Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area Takhin TalMongolia Zoo Praha U Trojského zamku 120/3PragueCzech Republic

Analyzing social networks is a powerful tool for understanding the ecology of social *** most studies focus on the role of each group member,few compare groups with different *** current population of Przewalski's horses Equus ferus przewalskii at the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area(Mongolia)includes groups of wild-born and captive-bred individuals with different experiences with the area(acclimatizing,long-term reintroduced,and wild-born),therefore serving as an ideal natural behavioral *** filmed 11 groups for 141.5 hours in summer 2018(July),late spring 2019(May,June),and autumn 2019(September,October).Affiliative and agonistic interactions were recorded,and social networks were *** tested the influence of origin,experience,season,sex,age,relative time belonging to the group,relat-edness,and dominance rank on different network indices at the individual and group *** found that groups with greater experience in the area are generally better connected than members of the newly formed ***,these strong networks were created by wild-born individuals with very low interaction *** the contrary,inexperienced groups composed of captive-bred individuals displayed many inter actions but created weak social *** results show a trend of behavioral transition from acclimatizing through long-term reintroduced to wild-born groups,supporting that the newly formed groups of released Przewalski's horses need time to display the typical social behavior patterns of wild-born ***-term monitoring of released Przewalski's horses is recommended to promote the success of this reintroduction program.

关键词： Przewalski's horses reintroduction social behavior soft-release.

Broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy of two-layered scattering media containing oxyhemoglobin,deoxyhemoglobin,water,and lipids

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2022年第3期15卷 92-106页

作者： Giles Blaney martina Bottoni Angelo Sassaroli Cristianne Fernandez Sergio Fantini Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University 4 Colby StMedfordMA 02155USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Politecnico di Torino 24 Corso Duca degli AbruzziTorinoTO 10129Italy

We investigated the relationship between chromophore concentrations in two-layered scattering media and the apparent chromophore concentrations measured with broadband optical spectroscopy in conjunction with commonly used homogeneous medium inverse *** used diffusion theory to generate optical data from a two-layered distribution of relevant tissue absorbers,namely,oxyhemoglobin,deoxyhemoglobin,water,and lipids,with a top-layer thickness in the range 1–15 *** generated data consisted of broadband continuous-wave(CW)diffuse reflectance in the wavelength range 650–1024 nm,and frequency-domain(FD)diffuse reflectance at 690 and 830 nm;two source-detector distances of 25 and 35mm were used to simulate a dual-slope *** data were inverted using diffusion theory for a semi-infinite homogeneous medium to generate reduced scattering coeffcients at 690 and 830nm(from FD data)and effective absorption spectra in the range 650–1024nm(from CW data).The absorption spectra were then converted into effective total concentration and oxygen saturation of hemoglobin,as well as water and lipid *** absolute values,it was found that the effective hemoglobin parameters are typically representative of the bottom layer,whereas water and lipid represent some average of the respective concentrations in the two *** concentration changes,lipid showed a significant cross-talk with other absorber concentrations,thus indicating that lipid dynamics obtained in these conditions may not be *** systematic simulations of broadband spectroscopy of two-layered media provide guidance on how to interpret effective optical properties measured with similar instrumental setups under the assumption of medium homogeneity.

关键词： Broadband spectroscopy two-layer medium heterogeneous forward model homo-geneous inverse model partial-volume effect

Operando electrochemical SERS monitors nanoparticle reactions by capping agent fingerprints

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4517-4524页

作者： Kevin Wonner Steffen Murke Serena RAlfarano Pouya Hosseini martina Havenith Kristina Tschulik Chair of Analytical Chemistry Ⅱ Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochum 44801Germany Chair of Physical Chemistry Ⅱ Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumBochum 44801Germany

Nanomaterials are frequently employed in daily life goods,including health,textile,and food industry.A comprehensive picture is lacking on the role of the capping agents,added ligand molecules,in case of nanoparticle reactions and degradation in aqueous solutions,like surface waters or ***,we aim to elucidate the capping agent influence on nanoparticle reactivity probing two commonly employed capping agents citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP).Their influence on silver nanoparticle(AgNP)transformation is studied,which is particularly important due to its application as an antimicrobial *** induce oxidation and reduction processes of AgNPs in halide solutions and we monitor the associated transformations of particles and capping agents by spectro-electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS).Raman bands of the capping agents are used here to track chemical changes of the nanoparticles under operando *** sparingly soluble and non-plasmon active silver salts(AgBr and AgCl)are formed under potential *** addition,we spectroscopically observe plasmon-mediated structural changes of citrate to cis-or trans-aconitate,while PVP is *** different behavior of the capping agents implies a change in the physical properties on the surface of AgNPs,in particular with respect to the surface ***,we showcase that reactions of the capping agents induced by different external stimuli,such as applied bias or laser irradiation,can be *** results demonstrate how SERS of capping agents can be exploited to operando track nanoparticle conversions in liquid *** approach is envisaged to provide a more comprehensive understanding of nanoparticle fates in complex liquid environments and varied redox conditions.

关键词： capping agent electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy silver nanoparticle nanoparticle reaction

NGR-tagged nano-gold： A new CD13-selective carrier for cytokine delivery to tumors

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1393-1408页

作者： Flavio Curnis martina Fiocch Angelina Sacchi Alessandro Gori Anna Gasparri Angelo Corti Division of Experimental Oncology IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan 20132 Italy Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare CNR Milan 20131 Italy Vita Salute San Raffaele University Milan 20132 Italy

Colloidal gold （Au）, a well-tolerated several applications in nanomedicine. nanomaterial, is currently exploited for We show that gold nanoparticles tagged with a novel tumor-homing peptide containing Asn-Gly-Arg （NGR）, a ligand of CD13 expressed by the tumor neovasculature, can be exploited as carriers for cytokine delivery to tumors. Biochemical and functional studies showed that the NGR molecular scaffoldflinker used for gold functionalization is critical for CD13 recognition. Using fibrosarcorna-bearing mice, NGR-tagged nanodrugs could deliver extremely low, yet pharmacologically active doses of tumor necrosis factor （TNF）, an anticancer cytokine, to tumors with no evidence of toxicity. Mechanistic studies confirmed that CD13 targeting was a primary mechanism of drug delivery and excluded a major role of integrin targeting consequent to NGR deamidation, a degradation reaction that generates the isoAsp-Gly-Arg （isoDGR） integrin ligand. NGR-tagged gold nanoparticles can be used, in principle, as a novel platform for single- or multi-cytokine delivery to tumor endothelial cells for cancer therapy.

关键词： Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) isoAsp-Gly-Arg (isoDGR) CD13 integrin tumor necrosis factor albumin gold nanoparticles

Open late:neuronal membrane disruption late in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2409-2410页

作者： martina L.Hernandez MiJin Cho Audrey D.Lafrenaye Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA

Membrane disruption is a pathology in which the cellular phospholipid bilayer,which is the cell’s primary defense from the extracellular environment,is *** neurons that are impacted by membrane disruption experience ... 详细信息

关键词： pathology traumatic disruption

The 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group as solubilizing protective group for the in situ deprotection/deposition of extended aromatic thiolate monolayers

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1695-1702页

作者： Adrian Wiesner Sonja Katzbach Dariusz Bebej martina Dettenhöfer Michael Zharnikov Andreas Terfort Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 7Frankfurt am Main D-60438Germany Angewandte Physikalische Chemie Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 253Heidelberg D-69120Germany

While self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)of aromatic thiolates are frequently used in a wide range of applications,their formation is often hampered by the low solubilities of their *** we introduce the 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group as a protective group for the thiol moiety,which increases the solubility and stability of the precursor,but becomes cleaved off during monolayer formation,especially at elevated temperature(60°C)and in presence of protons(trifluoroacetic acid).For a series of substituted terphenylthiols as model systems,it could be demonstrated by using ellipsometry,infrared-reflection absorption spectroscopy,and scanning-tunneling microscopy that the resulting SAMs have the same structure and quality as the ones obtained from the respective unprotected *** protective group has the additional advantage to be stable under Pdcatalyzed C–C bond formation reaction conditions,facilitating the syntheses of the respective precursors.

关键词： self-assembled monolayers protective group solubility scanning-tunneling microscopy infrared-reflection absorption spectroscopy

First molecular cytogenetic characterisation of tracheal squamous cell carcinoma cell line KLN 205

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 524-531页

作者： Shaymaa Azawi Thomas Liehr martina Rincic Institute of Human Genetics Jena University HospitalFriedrich Schiller UniversityJena 07747Germany Croatian Institute for Brain Research School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

Aim:Murine tumour cell lines have been used in thousands of ***,it is rather the rule than exception for most of them that not much is known about their genetic *** squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)cell line KLN 205 is such an *** 205 cells have not been studied yet for karyotype or acquired copy number variations(CNVs),but they have been used as models for(metastatic)lung cancer,lung-SCC,non-small cell lung cancer,tongue cancer and subcutaneous ***,it was characterised cytogenomically for the first ***:The cell line KLN 205 was characterised comprehensively by molecular cytogenetics using multicolour banding as well as molecular *** on these results,a map of the imbalances and breakpoints determined in the murine genome was translated to the human ***:Here,it could be shown that this>40-year-old cell line has a stable,approximately tetraploid karyotype comprising 77-82 ***,there are few structural chromosomal aberrations:only six derivatives involving chromosomes 2,3,5,9,10 and/or 19 could be *** to the literature,SCCs derived from different human tissues,as well as lung SCC and non-small cell lung cancer,display overall similar CNV ***:Thus,according to the genetic profile found here,KLN 205 can be applied as a general model for human SCC;it is also suited as a model for lung cancer in *** molecular genetic characterisation of KLN 205 cell line may find more lung-and/or SCC-specific alterations.

关键词： Lung cancer squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) murine cell line KLN 205 murine multicolour banding(mcb) array comparative genomic hybridisation(aCGH)

Differential roles of seed and sprout regeneration in forest diversity and productivity after disturbance

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 371-380页

作者： Marek Mejstrík Martin Svatek martina Pollastrini Martin Sramek Radim Matula Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcka 12916500PragueCzech Republic Department of Forest Botany Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 361300BrnoCzech Republic Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FirenzePiazzale Delle Cascine 2850144FirenzeItaly

Natural regeneration after disturbances is a key phase of forest development,which determines the trajectory of successional changes in tree species composition and *** trees can originate from either seeds or sprouts produced by disturbed trees with sprouting *** both regeneration strategies often develop and co-occur after a disturbance,they tend to affect forest development differently due to significant functional ***,the origin of tree regeneration is rarely distinguished in post-disturbance forest surveys and ecological studies,and the differential roles of seed and sprout regeneration in forest productivity and diversity remain poorly *** address these research gaps,we explored the role of sprout and seed regeneration in the formation of woody species diversity and above-ground biomass(AGB)productivity in early-stage forest *** were collected in two experimental forest stands in the Czech Republic,where trees were cut with varying intensities with the density of residual(uncut)trees ranging from 0 to 275 trees per *** trees were mapped and their sizes were measured before cutting and then,either as a stump with sprouts or a residual tree,remeasured 11 years *** addition,all tree saplings were mapped and measured 11 years after logging,and their origin(sprout or seed)was *** assess abundances and productivity,we estimated AGB of all2,685 sprouting stumps of 19 woody species and 504 generative(i.e.,seed origin)individuals of 16 woody species,using allometric ***-effects models were used to analyze the effects of each regeneration strategy on woody species diversity and the total AGB under varying densities of residual *** multidimensional scaling was used to evaluate the effect of regeneration strategies on species *** and diversity of sprouts were significantly higher than those of seed *** formed on average97.1%of

关键词： Resprouting Seeding Residual trees Tree diversity Above-ground biomass

Nesting innovations allow population growth in an invasive population of rose-ringed parakeets

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Current Zoology 2022年第6期68卷 617-626页

作者： Dailos HERNANDEZ-BRITO Jose L.TELLA Guillermo BLANCO martina CARRETE Department of Conservation Biology Donana Biological Station(CSIC)Calle Americo Vespucio26Sevilla 41092Spain Department of Evolutionary Ecology Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales(CSIC)Calle JoseGutierrez Abascal2Madrid 28006Spain Department of Physical Chemical and Natural SystemsUniversidad Pablo de OlavideCarretera de Utrerakm 1Sevilla 41013Spain

Certain traits of recipient environments,such as the availability of limiting resources,strongly determine the establishment success and spread of non-native *** limitations may be overcome through behavioral plasticity,allowing them to exploit alternative ***,we show how a secondary cavity nester bird,the rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri,innovates its nesting behavior as a response to the shortage of tree cavities for nesting in its invasive range in Tenerife(Canary Islands).We observed that some breeding pairs excavated their own nest cavities in palms,thus becoming primary cavity nester,whereas others occupied nests built with wood sticks by another invasive species,the monk parakeet Myiopsitta *** use of these novel nesting strategies increased the number of breeding pairs by up to 52%over 6 years,contributing to a 128.8%increase of the whole *** nests were located at greater heights above ground and were more aggregated around conspecifics but did not result in greater breeding success than natural *** of monk parakeet colonies by rose-ringed parakeets also benefited the former species through a protective-nesting association against nest *** results show how an invasive species innovate nesting behaviors and increase nest-site availability in the recipient environment,thus facilitating its population growth and invasion *** behavioral innovations in other invasive rose-ringed parakeet populations may be overlooked,and should be considered for effective management plans.

关键词： antipredator response behavioral flexibility biological invasions cavity nesters nesting innovation reproductive success