过去十年内,转移性非小细胞肺癌(metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, m NSCLC)的治疗取得了关键性进展,大大提高了患者的生存率。尤其是一线/二线治疗策略中针对程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death protein 1, PD-1)、程...
过去十年内,转移性非小细胞肺癌(metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, m NSCLC)的治疗取得了关键性进展,大大提高了患者的生存率。尤其是一线/二线治疗策略中针对程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death protein 1, PD-1)、程序性死亡配体1(programmed death ligand-1, PD-L1)和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4受体(cytotoxic T-lymphocyteassociated protein 4, CTLA-4)等的特异性抗体惊艳亮相,使部分患者生存期明显延长。尽管抗PD-1和PD-L1疗法的免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitor, ICI)起初主要是作为二线治疗的单药治疗,但最近已转向作为晚期一线治疗的联合疗法,早期肺癌也已将免疫治疗纳入临床范式。如今,除了具有靶向基因突变的m NSCLC外,几乎所有的m NSCLC患者都在一线接受PD-1或PD-L1治疗。在此,我们报告了m NSCLC一线免疫治疗的现状以及当前为患者选择最佳免疫治疗方案所面临的挑战。
This article presents and analyses the modular architecture and capabilities of CODE-DE(Copernicus Data and Exploitation Platform–Deutschland,***),the integrated German operational environment for accessing and proce...
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This article presents and analyses the modular architecture and capabilities of CODE-DE(Copernicus Data and Exploitation Platform–Deutschland,***),the integrated German operational environment for accessing and processing Copernicus data and products,as well as the methodology to establish and operate the *** March 2017,CODE-DE has been online with access to Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data,to Sentinel-3 data shortly after this time,and since March 2019 with access to Sentinel-5P *** products are available and accessed by 1,682 registered users as of March *** this period 654,895 products were downloaded and a global catalogue was continuously updated,featuring a data volume of 814 TByte based on a rolling archive concept supported by a reload mechanism from a long-term *** November 2017,the element for big data processing has been operational,where registered users can process and analyse data themselves specifically assisted by methods for value-added product *** 195,467 core and 696,406 memory hours,982,948 products of different applications were fully automatically generated in the cloud environment and made available as of March *** features include an improved visualization of available Sentinel-2 products,which are presented within the catalogue client at full 10 m resolution.
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