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Symptom presentation and evolution in the first 48 hours after injury are associated with return to play after concussion in elite Rugby Union

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 387-397页

作者： Ross Tucker Matt Cross Keith Stokes Lindsay Starling Rosy Hyman Simon Kemp Stephen west martin Raftery Eanna Falvey james Brown Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine(ISEM) Department of ExerciseUniversity of StellenboschTygerberg 7505South Africa world Rugby Ltd. Dublin D02 AE93Ireland Premiership Rugby London SW1V 1PXUK Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in SportUniversity of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport(UKCCIIS) University of BathClaverton Down BA27AYUK Rugby Football Union London TW27BAUK London School of Tropical Medicine London WC1E 7HTUK Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Department of Medicine School of Medicine and HealthUniversity College CorkCork T12 EC8PIreland Carnegie Applied Rugby Research(CARR)centre Carnegie School of SportLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK

Background:Return to play(RTP)in elite rugby is managed using a 6-stage graduated RTP protocol,which can result in clearance to play within 1 week of *** aimed to explore how symptom,cognitive,and balance presentation and evolution during concussion screens 2 h(head injury assessment(HIA2)and 48 h(HIA3)after injury were associated with time to RTP)to identify whether a more conservative graduated RTP may be ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 380 concussed rugby players from elite men’s rugby over 3 consecutive *** were classified as shorter or longer returns,depending on whether RTP occurred within 7 days(allowing them to be considered to play the match 1 week after injury)or longer than 8 days,***,cognitive,and balance performance during screens was assessed relative to baseline(normal or abnormal)and to the preceding screen(improving or worsening).Associations between sub-test abnormalities and RTP time were explored using odds ratios(OR,longer ***).Median day absence was compared between players with abnormal or worsening results and those whose results were normal or ***:Abnormal symptom results during screens 2 h and 48 h after concussion were associated with longer return time(HIA2:OR=2.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.39-3.50;HIA3:OR=3.30,95%CI:1.89-5.75).worsening symptom number or severity from the time of injury to 2 h and 48 h post-injury was associated with longer return(HIA2:OR=2.49,95%CI:1.36-4.58;HIA3:OR=3.34,95%CI:1.10-10.15).Median days absence was greater in players with abnormal symptom results at both HIA2 and *** and balance performance were not associated with longer return and did not affect median days ***:Symptom presentation and evolution within 48 h of concussion were associated with longer RTP *** may guide a more conservative approach to RTP,while still adhering to individualized concussion management principles.

关键词： Brain injury Concussion management General return to play Medical management

Toxicity of a seafood toxin， domoic acid， in the retina via modulation of the NRF2 and NF-κB pathways

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Food Science and Human wellness 2024年

作者： Gabriel Mbuta Tchivelekete Yanqun Cao Mohammad Almarhoun Xinzhi Zhou Agostinho Francisco Cachapa Sebasti?o Tumitangua james Reilly Patricia E.martin Xinhua Shu Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian University Department of Marine Biology Faculty of Natural Science University of Namibe Puai Medical School Shaoyang University Department of Vision Science Glasgow Caledonian University

Domoic acid (DA)， a biotoxin， is produced by several species of marine dinoflagellate and diatom during harmful algal bloom events. DA is a neurotoxin， in humans and non-human primates， oral exposure to DA results in gastrointestinal effects， while DA at higher doses leads to neurological symptoms， seizures and memory deficiency. Exposure of humans to DA occurs mainly through consumption of contaminated seafoods containing an accumulation of the toxin. Previously， it was unclear if DA can have toxic effects on the retina. we assessed the toxicity of DA in human retinal cells (ARPE-19) and in zebrafish embryos. DA significantly lowered ARPE-19 cell viability dose-dependently， and decreased anti-oxidative capacity， increased inflammation， and promoted cell death， possibly through modulating the NRF2 and NF-κB signalling pathways. Zebrafish embryos exposed to DA for four days from one day post fertilization (dpf) had an increase in mortality and a decrease in both hatching and heartbeat rate and exhibited morphological abnormalities. DA treatment also significantly downregulated expression of antioxidant genes and upregulated expression of inflammation mediators， as well as causing photoreceptor death in zebrafish embryos. The results demonstrate that consuming seafood containing DA will have potential toxic effects in human retinas.

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Optimizing artificial intelligence in sepsis management: Opportunities in the present and looking closely to the future

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 34-45页

作者： Darragh O’Reilly Jennifer McGrath Ignacio martin-Loeches Department of Intensive Care Medicine Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization(MICRO)St James’HospitalDublinIreland Department of Respiratory Intensive care Hospital ClinicUniversitat de BarcelonaIDIBAPSCIBERESBarcelonaSpain

Sepsis remains a major challenge internationally for healthcare *** incidence is rising due to poor public awareness and delays in its recognition and subsequent *** sepsis,mortality increases with every hour left *** intelligence(AI)is transforming worldwide healthcare delivery at *** review has outlined how AI can augment strategies to address this global disease *** and machine learning(ML)algorithms can analyze vast quantities of increasingly complex clinical datasets from electronic medical records to assist clinicians in diagnosing and treating sepsis earlier than traditional *** review highlights how these models can predict the risk of sepsis and organ failure even before it *** gives providers additional time to plan and execute treatment plans,thereby avoiding increasing complications associated with delayed diagnosis of *** potential for cost savings with AI implementation is also discussed,including improving workflow efficiencies,reducing administrative costs,and improving healthcare *** these advantages,clinicians have been slow to adopt AI into clinical *** of the limitations posed by AI solutions include the lack of diverse data sets for model building so that they are widely applicable for routine clinical ***,the subsequent algorithms are often based on complex mathematics leading to clinician hesitancy to embrace such ***,we highlight the need for robust political and regulatory frameworks in this area to achieve the trust and approval of clinicians and patients to implement this transformational technology。

关键词： Artificial intelligence Data science Machine learning Intensive care unit(ICU) Critical care Sepsis

Comparison of the reverse bevel versus Franseen type endoscopic ultrasound needle

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world Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2020年第9期12卷 266-275页

作者： Chi wing Chow Syeda Asma Haider Krish Ragunath Guruprasad P Aithal martin w james Jacobo Ortiz-Fernandez-Sordo Aloysious Dominic Aravinthan Suresh Vasan Venkatachalapathy National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust and University of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service TrustNottingham NG72UHUnited Kingdom Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUnited Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust and University of NottinghamNottingham NG27UHUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Reverse bevel(RB)needle is widely used for endoscopic ultrasound fine needle biopsy(EUS-FNB).A 3-plane symmetrical needle with Franseen geometry(FG)has recently become *** To compare the clinical efficacy of FG to that of RB *** A retrospective cohort study of all adult patients who underwent EUS-FNB for solid and mixed lesions either with 22G RB needle or 22G FG needle between January 2016 and February 2019 was *** cytology slides were reviewed by an independent gastrointestinal cytopathologist blinded to the needle used and the initial cytology *** primary and secondary outcomes were to assess the sample adequacy using Euro-cytology criteria and the number of cell clusters,*** Two hundred and twenty six procedures were included in the *** needle was used in 128 procedures and FG needle in 98 *** baseline characteristics of both groups were *** multivariable analysis,FG needle(P=0.02)and location of the lesion(Pwere independently associated with adequate ***,the use of FG needle(P=0.04)and the size of the lesion(P=0.02)were independently associated with acquisition of increased number of cell *** FG needle is superior to RB needle in acquiring adequate tissue and attaining higher number of cell clusters for solid and mixed lesions.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Fine needle aspiration Fine needle biopsy Reverse bevel Franseen geometry Tissue acquisition

Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid E.J.OGILVIE Leslie A.KING Noel KEENLYSIDE François COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR Níels EINARSSON Sergey GULEV Ke FAN Torben KOENIGK james R.MCGOODwIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(INSTAAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danish Meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

Ballistic tests on hot-rolled Ti-6Al-4V plates:Experiments and numerical approaches

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第8期26卷 39-53页

作者： Alexander Janda Benjamin james Ralph Yael Demarty Marcel Sorger Stefan Ebenbauer Aude Prestl Ingo Siller martin Stockinger Helmut Clemens Department of Materials Science Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straße 188700 LeobenAustria Department Product Engineering Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straße 188700 LeobenAustria French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis 5 Rue du General Cassagnou68300 Saint-LouisFrance voestalpine BOEHLER Bleche GmbH&Co KG Boehler-Gasse 18680MürzzuschlagAustria

Superior ballistic performance and the lightweight character of Ti alloys are considered as main reasons for their use in armour applications against a broad spectrum of ballistic threats,***,fragment or blast *** dynamic loading caused by typical penetrators is characterized by high strain rates,only specific test methods allow a closer investigation of the respective material *** the present study,quasi-static and dynamic compression tests as well as ballistic tests were conducted on a twophase a+βalloy Ti-6Al-4V(in m%)manufactured by ***-deformation heat treatments,influencing microstructure and mechanical properties were applied in order to compare three different microstructural configurations:as-rolled,mill-annealed and ***,on the one hand,ballistic tests were employed for the determination of the ballistic limit velocity v_(50),compression tests,on the other hand,delivered essential input parameters for the application of the Johnson-Cook constitutive model in a finite element simulation of the impact *** comparison of experimental results to simulation results was supplemented by means of microstructural characterization of tested samples with the focus set on the prevalently observed deformation and damage mechanisms,as for example adiabatic shearing.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V Ballistic performance Split Hopkinson pressure bar FE simulation Adiabatic shear bands Intermetallic phase

Fully Flexible Loads in Distributed Energy Management:PV,Batteries,Loads,and Value Stacking in Virtual Power Plants

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Engineering 2020年第7期6卷 736-738页

作者： Andrew Mears james martin SwitchDin Pty Ltd. NewcastleNSW 2302Australia

*** and context Maximizing the value of distributed energy resources(DERs)on the Australian electricity energy system while also making sure that their widespread uptake does not compromise system stability and reliability is a looming challenge for energy network operators and market *** the absence of a national standard for DER connectivity and third-party external control,equipment manufactured for the DER market,such as residential photovoltaic(PV)inverters and battery storage systems cannot provide optimal value to the energy *** main challenges relate to high penetrations of unmanaged PV systems,which can result in power-quality issues and reverse power flows on local sections of distribution networks;there are also missed opportunities if distributed PV inverter management is considered as a separate issue from load management.

关键词： operators connectivity inverter

The Meaning of the 21^st Century

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中国翻译 2008年第2期29卷 85-86页

作者： james martin

在21世纪开始之际,人类意识到自己正走上了一条走不下去的路。除非改变方向,否则这条路会将人类引向巨大的灾难。可是同时,我们也正释放出种种新的巨大潜能,而借助这些潜能,人类能迎来各种更令人激动的生活和更光辉的文明。这可能是人... 详细信息

在21世纪开始之际,人类意识到自己正走上了一条走不下去的路。除非改变方向,否则这条路会将人类引向巨大的灾难。可是同时,我们也正释放出种种新的巨大潜能,而借助这些潜能,人类能迎来各种更令人激动的生活和更光辉的文明。这可能是人类的最后一个世纪,但也可能是人类拨正航程,朝光辉灿烂未来驶去的一个世纪。

关键词：英语汉语英译汉参考译文

The Effability of Semantic Relations:Describing Attitude

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外国语 2020年第6期43卷 2-20页

作者： james R.martin Department of Linguistics University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006AustraliaMartin Centre for Appliable LinguisticsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This paper explores some aspects of the problem of developing terminology for attitudinal relations in English,as part of a description of evaluation informed by systemic functional linguistics(SFL)-*** reviews the relational theory of meaning underpinning the description and key dimensions of the Systemic Functional Linguistic theory from which the description is *** issues in the selection of terms and presentation of APPRAISAL systems are then discussed,and suggestions canvassed for possible *** paper highlights the possibilities and challenges involved in naming and presenting semantic relations in descriptions using SFL as their informing theory.

关键词： appraisal attitude ineffability terminology valeur axis