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Postharvest responses of hydroponically grown lettuce varieties to nitrogen application rate

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第10期18卷 2272-2283页

作者： Bevly M.Mampholo martin Maboko Puffy Soundy Dharini Sivakumar Phytochemical Food Network Research Group Department of Crop SciencesTshwane University of TechnologyPretoria 0001South Africa Agricultural Research Council–Roodeplaat Vegetable and Ornamental PlantPrivate Bag X293Pretoria 0001South Africa

Limited information is available on the influence of preharvest N application rates on postharvest quality of different lettuce genotypes. Two green leafy lettuce (Multigreen 1 and Multigreen 3) and red leafy lettuce (Multired 4) were grown in gravel film technique and fertigated with five different N application rates: 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 mg L^-1. The 120 mg L^-1 N application is commercially recommended for lettuce. After harvest, lettuce samples were packed in a bioriented poly propylene packaging (5% O2 and 5% CO2) and held at 5°C and 85% RH for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. The genotypes, preharvest N application rates and storage time affected the leaf colour coordinates, phenolic acids (dicaffeoyltataric acid, caffeoyl tartaric acid, 3-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) and browning enzyme activities (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD)). Lower rates of N application at preharvest stage showed higher weight loss with the storage time increasing in Multigreen 3. In Multigreen 1, colour coordinate b* value decreased remarkably with N application rates from 60 to 120 mg L^–1 due to the onset of browning during storage. While in Multigreen 3 and N application higher than 60 mg L^–1 influenced the decrease in b* value. Browning occurred due to the increased activity of PAL enzyme and the availability of the substrates caftaric, chlorogenic, caffeic acids, PPO activity and production of browning pigments due to the activity of POD. Higher, N application rates (>120 mg L^–1) influenced the browning mechanism and showed brownish red leaves in Multired 4 during storage. Higher ascorbic acid concentration played a role in reducing the onset of browning in the fresh cuts leaves of Mulitired 4 and Multigreen 3 fertilized with lower preharvest lower N application rates (<120 mg L^–1). Preharvest N application at 90 mg L^–1 retained the colour, ascorbic acid content and the phenolic acid components and extended the

关键词： Lactuca sativa ascorbic acid phenylalanine ammonia-lyase polyphenol oxidase tissue browning

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NOISE INDUCED HEARING loss IN CHINA:A POTENTIALLY COSTLY PUBLIC HEALTH LSSUE

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Journal of Otology 2013年第1期8卷 51-56页

作者： Shi Yongbing William Hal martin Oregon Hearing Research Center NRC04 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road PortlandOR 97239USA

Hearing loss and tinnitus are among the most common consequences of long term noise exposure and re-main an under-addressed heath issue in most developing nations including China. The rapid industrializa-tion and life style changes in China increase the concern over noise exposure and noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Research on NIHL in China is limited. The current paper reviews studies published in English and Chinese language literatures regarding noise exposure and NIHL in China. Their implication on the Chi-nese population is discussed. The possible utility of a research model such as the Dangerous Decibels? as a means to increase understanding of the scope of NIHL among the Chinese population, to educate the gener-al public in China (especially the young) about NIHL and its prevention, and to study effects of language and cultural factors on international information dissemination and behavioral interventions is proposed.

关键词： noise noise-induced hearing loss China

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Digital-Twin Enabled Time Ahead Resource Allocation for Integrated Fiber-Wireless Connected Vehicular Network

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第3期9卷 296-308页

作者： Akshita Gupta Saurabh Jaiswal martin Maier Vivek Ashok Bohara Anand Srivastava Wirocomm Research Group Department of Electronics&Communication EngineeringIndraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi(IIITD)New Delhi 110020India Department of Computer Science&Applied Mathematics Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi(IIITD)New Delhi 110020India Optical Zeitgeist Laboratory Institute National de la Recherche ScientifiqueMontreal H5A 1K6Canada

The digital twin(DT)is envisaged as a catalyst for pioneering ecosystems of service provision within an immersive environment born from the convergence of virtual and physical ***,DT could enhance the performance of edge-intelligent connected vehicular networks by allocating network resources efficiently based on the key performance indicators(KPIs)of vehicular data ***,this work addresses the key challenge of computation and spectrum resource allocation for vehicular *** allocate the optimal resource allocation,we subdivided the problem into:traffic classification,collective learning,and resource allocation *** order to do so,this paper concentrates on two crucial vehicular applications:brake application and lane-change *** utilize a random forest model to collectively learn vehicular data traffic in the upcoming time ***,a time-ahead resource allocation algorithm is proposed to improve the quality of service(QoS)by intelligently offloading vehicular data traffic to a DT-based integrated fiber-wireless(Fi-Wi)connected vehicular *** evaluate the performance of the resource allocation strategy in terms of resources required by the network alongside the packet loss *** was observed that there was a 44.74%increase in cost as the total computation resources increased from F=50 to 100 GHz,whereas the PLR of the network decreased by 71.43%.

关键词： connected vehicles digital twin edgeintelligence fiber-wireless machine learning resource allocation

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It is time to change land use and landscape management in the Czech Republic

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第9期1卷 1-7页

作者： Petr Petrik Josef Fanta martin Petrtyl Institute of Botany Czech Academy of SciencesZamek 125243 PruhoniceCzech Republic Ke Kralum 1109 25229 DobrichoviceCzech Republic

The identity of man-made landscapes is based on the balance among their ecological,cultural,and economic *** the 1950s,short-term economic benefits have globally often outweighed long-term *** results in decreased landscape quality manifested as increased erosion of agricultural land,decreased water retention capacity,increased landscape uniformity,and loss of biodiversity.A new phenomenon influencing the condition of man-made landscapes is climate *** fluctuations of temperature and precipitation have been causing repeated floods and also periods of drought in *** damaged by inappropriate management are unable to offset these *** is necessary to stop this development by changing land use and management methods to restore the balance among landscape *** the Czech Republic,we propose to develop a long-term landscape vision and to formulate a responsible landscape policy with regional strategic goals,including subsidies and penalties(carrots and sticks),based on the principles of the European Landscape *** promote ecological stability,we recommend allocating funds from the Common Agricultural Policy to both the restoration and maintenance of valuable *** research and management(based on habitat/species monitoring in cooperation with stakeholders)must be strengthened in order to play a proper role in the *** is time for clear communication with the public and the training of state officials and land users in spatial and landscape *** fill this gap in interdisciplinary cooperation,we call for the establishment of a platform on sustainable landscape management in the Czech Republic.

关键词： biodiversity loss Central Europe Czech Republic degradation ecosystem management in transition in Central and Eastern Europe European Landscape Convention landscape transformation land-use planning soil and water quality Special Feature:Ecosystem Management in Transition in Central and Eastern Europe sustainable management

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Combined Applications of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers with Manure Increase Maize Yield and Nutrient Uptake via Stimulating Root Growth in a Long-Term Experiment

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Pedosphere 2016年第1期26卷 62-73页

作者： WEN Zhihui SHEN Jianbo martin BLACKWELL LI Haigang ZHAO Bingqiang YUAN Huimin College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Rothamsted Research North Wyke Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning China Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Imbalanced application of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) fertilizers can result in reduced crop yield,low nutrient use efficiency,and high loss of nutrients and soil nitrate nitrogen(NO_3^--N) accumulation decreases when N is applied with P and/or manure;however,the effect of applications of N with P and/or manure on root growth and distribution in the soil profile is not fully *** aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of different N and P fertilizer application rates with or without manure on maize(Zea mays L.) yield,N uptake,root growth,apparent N surplus,Olsen-P concentration,and mineral N(N_(min)) accumulation in a fluvo-aquic calcareous soil from a long-term(28-year) *** experiment comprised twelve combinations of chemical N and P fertilizers,either with or without chicken manure,as treatments in four *** yield of maize grain was 82%higher,the N uptake 100%higher,and the N_(min) accumulation 39%lower in the treatments with combined N and P in comparison to N fertilizer *** maize root length density in the 30-60 cm layer was three times greater in the treatments with N and P fertilizers than with N fertilizer *** addition increased maize yield by 50%and N uptake by 43%,and reduced N_(min)(mostly NO_3^--N) accumulation in the soil by 46%.The long-term application of manure and P fertilizer resulted in significant increases in soil Olsen-P concentration when no N fertilizer was *** application reduced the apparent N surplus for all *** results suggest that combined N and P fertilizer applications could enhance maize grain yield and nutrient uptake via stimulating root growth,leading to reduced accumulation of potentially leachable NO_3^--N in soil,and manure application was a practical way to improve degraded soils in China and the rest of the world.

关键词： apparent N surplus degraded soils chemical fertilizers nitrate nitrogen root length density soil mineral N soil Olson-P

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TDP-43 dysregulation and neuromuscular junction disruption in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 46-69页

作者： Sarah Lépine Maria José Castellanos-Montiel Thomas martin Durcan The Neuro’s Early Drug Discovery Unit(EDDU) Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMontreal Neurological Institute-HospitalMcGill University3801 University StreetMontrealQC H3A 2B4Canada Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences McGill University3605 De La MontagneMontrealQC H3G 2M1Canada

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a disease characterized by upper and lower motor neuron(MN)loss with a signature feature of cytoplasmic aggregates containing TDP-43,which are detected in nearly all *** in the gene that encodes TDP-43(TARBDP)are known to result in both familial and sporadic *** ALS,disruption of neuro-muscular junctions(NMJs)constitutes a critical event in disease pathogenesis,leading to denervation atrophy,motor impairments and *** defects and impaired synaptic transmission at NMJs have been reported in several TDP-43 animal models and in vitro,linking TDP-43 dysregulation to the loss of NMJ integrity in *** the lens of the dying-back and dying-forward hypotheses of ALS,this review discusses the roles of TDP-43 related to synaptic function,with a focus on the potential molecular mechanisms occurring within MNs,skeletal muscles and glial cells that may contribute to NMJ disruption in ALS.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Denervation Neuromuscular junction TDP-43 Dying-back Dying-forward

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On the friction and adhesion hysteresis between polymer brushes attached to curved surfaces: Rate and solvation effects

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Friction 2015年第2期3卷 148-160页

作者： Sissi de BEER G.DjuidjéKENMOÉ martin H.MÜSER Materials Science and Technology of Polymers MESA+Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE Enschedethe Netherlands Jülich Supercomputing Centre Institute for Advanced Simulation FZ Jülich 52425 JülichGermany Department of Physics Laboratory of Mechanics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéP.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon

Computer simulations of friction between polymer brushes are usually simplified compared to real systems in terms of solvents and *** most simulations,the solvent is only implicit with infinite compressibility and zero *** addition,the model geometries are parallel walls rather than curved or rough as in *** this work,we study the effects of these approximations and more generally the relevance of solvation on dissipation in polymer-brush systems by comparing simulations based on different solvation *** find that the rate dependence of the energy loss during the collision of brush-bearing asperities can be different for explicit and implicit ***,the non-Newtonian rate dependences differ noticeably between normal and transverse motion,i.e.,between head-on and off-center asperity ***,when the two opposing brushes are made immiscible,the friction is dramatically reduced compared to an undersaturated miscible polymer-brush system,irrespective of the sliding direction.

关键词： polymer brushes biomimetic materials molecular dynamics simulation

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Panorama of boron nitride nanostructures via lamp ablation

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Nano Research 2019年第3期12卷 557-562页

作者： Sehrina Eshon Weike Zhang martin Saunders Yujun Zhang Hui Tong Chua Jeffrey M. Gordon Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia Centre for Microscopy Characterisation and Analysis The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia School of Environmental Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China Department of Material Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Department of Solar Energy and Environmental Physics Blaustein Institutes far Desert Research Bert-Gurion University of the Negev Sede Boqer Campus 8499000 Israel

A diverse range of remarkable boron n itride (BN) nano structures subsumi ng nano-homs, nano-rods, nano-platelets, and clusters of hollow nano spheres (nano-onions, arguably of greatest applied and fun damental in terest) have bee n produced exclusively from crystalline BN precursor powder via lamp ablation. The procedure is safe, devoid of toxic reagents, simple, rapid and scalable—generating some genres of nan oparticles that had previously proved elusive. Product structure and composition were unambiguously assessed by high-resoluti on transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy.

关键词： Aboron nitride nanostructures nano-onions lamp ablation non-toxic

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Direct growth of ZnO nanowires on civil engineering materials:smart materials for supported photodegradation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2019年第1期5卷 70-76页

作者： Marie Le Pivert Romain Poupart martine Capochichi-Gnambodoe Nathan martin Yamin Leprince-Wang UniversitéParis-Est ESYCOM(CNRS-FRE2028)UPEM5 Boulevard Descartes77420 Champs sur MarneFrance

Photocatalysis is one of the most promising processes for treating air and water *** civil engineering materials for environmental depollution by photocatalysis have already been synthesized by incorporating TiO_(2) or ZnO nanoparticles in *** method suffers from two flaws:first,most of the NPs are incorporated into the cement and useless for photocatalysis;second,rain and wind could spread the potentially carcinogenic nanoparticles from the cement surface into ***,we propose the efficient synthesis of nontoxic and biocompatible ZnO nanostructures solely onto the surface of commercially available concrete and tiling pavements by a low-cost and lowtemperature hydrothermal *** samples exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity for degrading organic dyes in aqueous media,and dye molecules are commonly used in the pharmaceutical,food,and textile *** studies showed no loss of efficiency after four photocatalysis *** supported structures,which are easy to implement onto the varying surfaces of commercially available materials,are promising for integration into civil engineering surfaces for environmental depollution in our daily life.

关键词： nanowires nanoparticles cement

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Sustaining forest biodiversity:Exploring the effect of long-term natural disturbance dynamics on contemporary lichen communities in primary forest ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 556-567页

作者： Rhiannon Gloor Marek Svitok martin Mikolas Jenyk Hofmeister Josef Halda Pavel Janda Francesco Maria Sabatini Lucie Zemanova Arne Buechling Daniel Kozak Matej Ferencik Michal Frankovic martin Dusatko Miroslav Svoboda Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamycka 129Praha 6–Suchdol16500Czech Republic Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Technical University in ZvolenT.G.Masaryka 2496001ZvolenSlovakia Institute of Botany Plant Science and Biodiversity CenterSlovak Academy of SciencesDúbravska cesta 984523BratislavaSlovakia PRALES Odtrnovie 56301322RosinaSlovakia Faculty of Science University of Hradec KraloveHradecka 1285Hradec KraloveⅢ50003Czech Republic BIOME–Biogeography and Macroecology Department of BiologicalGeological and Environmental Sciences(BIGEA)Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bolognavia Irnerio 42BolognaItaly

In this era of biodiversity loss and climate change,quantifying the impacts of natural disturbance on forest communities is imperative to improve biodiversity conservation *** and epixylic lichens are effective forest quality bioindicators,as they are generally long-lived organisms supported by continuity of specific forest structures and their associated microclimatic ***,how lichen communities respond to the effects of fluctuating historical disturbances remains *** a dendrochronological approach,this study investigates how natural disturbance dynamics indirectly influence various lichen community metrics in some of Europe's best-preserved primary mixed-beech *** modelling revealed that natural historical disturbance processes have decades-long effects on forest structural attributes,which had both congruent and divergent impacts on lichen community richness and *** species richness indirectly benefited from both historical and recent higher-severity disturbances via increased standing dead tree basal area and canopy openness respectively-likely through the presence of both pioneer and late-successional species associated with these ***-listed species richness showed a dependence on habitat continuity(old trees),and increased with disturbance-related structures(standing dead trees)whilst simultaneously benefiting from periods without severe disturbance events(old trees and reduced deadwood volume).However,if the disturbance occurred over a century in the past,no substantial effect on forest structure was ***,while disturbance-mediated forest structures can promote overall richness,threatened species appear vulnerable to more severe disturbance events-a concern,as disturbances are predicted to intensify with climate ***,the high number of threatened species found reinforce the critical role of primary forest structural attributes for biodiversity ***

关键词： Mixed-beech forests Species richness Old-growth forests Carpathian mountains Biodiversity conservation Dendroecology Fagus sylvatica

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