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Karren of Mushroom Mountain(Junzi Shan) in the Eastern Yunnan Ridge,Yunnan,China:Karstological and Tourist Attraction

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第2期84卷 424-431页

作者： martin knez Tadej SLABE Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU Titov trg 26230 PostojnaSlovenia

Mushroom Mountain karren with predominantly flat tops that formed along the stylolites and bedding planes dictated the special features of this karst landscape. Their features and rock relief clearly reflect the geological conditions and development. The subsoil karren with conical tops dissected by subsoil rock relief were exposed from beneath the soil. Below tree vegetation, the subsoil karren are to a great extent covered by moss and lichen, under which they acquire their characteristic shape. On the bare surface they were reshaped by rainwater that carves flutes and solution pans. The old cave that opens below the top of one of the cones reveals the period before its dissection into hills and cones when this part of the karst aquifer was still deep under the water table.

关键词： karst karren cave rock relief development of karst Shizong Yunnan

Shilin:The Formation of Stone Forests in Various Rock Types(Lunan,Yunnan,China)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第1期81卷 148-157页

作者： martin knez Tadej SLABE Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU Titov trg 2 6230 Postojna Slovenia

Shilin is among the most interesting form of stone forest to occur in karst landscapes. They develop from karren subsoil, and their shapes, entire forests or just individual pillars and their rock relief, depend on the conditions under which they were formed, their location in the karst landscape, and above all on the characteristics of the rock： its composition, stratification, and fissuring. Because of the exceptional characteristics of this karst phenomenon in China, we propose that the term ＂shilin＂ be used in the professional literature for this type of stone forest.

关键词： Shilin karst surface development rock relief Lunan Yunnan

Ecosystem-driven karst carbon cycle and carbon sink effects

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 99-112页

作者： Cheng Zhang Qiong Xiao Ze-yan Wu knez martin Karst Dynamics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute of Karst GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences/International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of UNESCOGuilin 541004GuangxiChina Karst Research Institute Slovenian Academy of Sciences and ArtsPostonja弘6230Slovenia

It is recognized that karst processes are actively involved in the current global carbon cycle based on twenty years research,and the carbon sink occurred in karst processes is possibly an important part of“missing sink”in global carbon *** this paper,an overview is given on karst carbon cycle research,and influence factors,formed carbon pools(background carbon sink)and sink increase potentials of current karst carbon cycle are *** weathering could contribute to the imbalance item(BIM)and land use change item(ELUC)in the global carbon cycle model,owing to its uptake of both atmospheric CO_(2)(carbon sink effect)and CO_(2) produced by soil respiration(carbon source reduction effect).Karst carbon sink includes inorganic carbon sink resulted from hydrogeochemical process and organic carbon sink generated by aquatic photosynthetic DIC conversion,forming relatively stable river(reservoir)water body or sediment carbon *** sizes of both sinks are controlled by terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystems,*** rehabilitation and carbon sequestration by aquatic plants are two effective ways to increase the carbon sink in karst *** is estimated that the rate of carbon sink is at least 381000 t CO_(2)/a with vegetation restoration and afforestation in southwest China karst area,while the annual organic carbon sink generated by aquatic photosynthesis is about 84200 t C in the Pearl River *** development of a soil CO_(2) based model for assessment of regional dissolution intensity will help to improve the estimation accuracy of carbon sink increase and potential,thus provide a more clear and efficient karst sink increase scheme and pathway to achieve the goals of“double carbon”.With the deep investigation on karst carbon cycle,mechanism and carbon sink effect,and the improvement of watershed carbon sink measurement methods and regional sink increase evaluation *** carbon sink is expected to be included in t

关键词： Karst carbon sink Ecosystem Sink-increase way Carbon pool Rock desertification rehabilitation Aquatic photosynthetic carbon sequestration

斯洛文尼亚岩溶区草地昼夜尺度土壤CO_(2)含量与土温滞后效应

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第四纪研究 2023年第2期43卷 381-389页

作者：章程肖琼汪进良苗迎 Mitja PRELOVSEK 孙平安郭永丽 martin knez 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验广西桂林541004 斯洛文尼亚科学与艺术院岩溶研究所波斯托尼亚SI-6230

土壤CO_(2)含量及其变化规律研究,关系到土壤呼吸CO_(2)排放通量估算的准确性,昼夜尺度土壤CO_(2)与土温滞后效应形成机理与影响因素是其核心研究内容。本研究以斯洛文尼亚典型岩溶区草地土壤系统为例,开展土壤CO_(2)、土温与土壤水分... 详细信息

土壤CO_(2)含量及其变化规律研究,关系到土壤呼吸CO_(2)排放通量估算的准确性,昼夜尺度土壤CO_(2)与土温滞后效应形成机理与影响因素是其核心研究内容。本研究以斯洛文尼亚典型岩溶区草地土壤系统为例,开展土壤CO_(2)、土温与土壤水分高分辨率监测,分析昼夜尺度土壤CO_(2)与土温滞后效应及其产生原因,讨论滞后程度的多日演变规律及其与土壤水分的关系。结果表明,生长季土壤CO_(2)含量、土壤温度和土壤水分变化分别为1986~6689 ppm、14.69~23.55℃和16.4%~33.3%,均值分别为3578 ppm、19.69℃和23.3%。土壤温度和土壤CO_(2)均呈现出白天上升夜间下降的昼夜变化特征,后者昼夜变幅为176~780 ppm,均值425 ppm。土壤CO_(2)与土温昼夜滞后环呈顺时针方向演变,土壤干化阶段滞后环呈螺旋式下降,降雨期间则表现为螺旋式上升。滞后环的出现主要受光合有效辐射和土壤温度控制,也与土壤微生物种类密切相关,滞后程度受土壤水分含量控制,水分越高滞后效应越显著,水分大于25%时,滞后环宽度值高达300~800 ppm;低水分时滞后效应减弱,此时土壤CO_(2)与土温接近于线性相关。降雨期间土壤CO_(2)有快速下降现象,暗示部分CO_(2)随雨水脉冲过程向下运移,成为下伏碳酸盐岩溶蚀驱动力,为准确估算岩溶区土壤呼吸排放通量和评价岩溶作用的土壤CO_(2)减源效应提供了科学依据。

关键词：土壤CO_(2) 土温滞后效应土壤水分岩溶草地斯洛文尼亚

Comprehensive Euler/Lagrange modelling including particle erosion for confined gas-solid flows

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 209-235页

作者： Guiherme A.Novelletto Ricardo martin Sommerfeld Multiphase Flow Systems Institute of Process EngineeringOtto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgHoher Weg 7b06120Halle(Saale)Germany

The present research aims to assess the capability of a comprehensive Euler/Lagrange approach for predicting gas-solid flows and the associated solid particle *** open-source code OpenFOAM®4.1 was used to carry out the numerical simulations,where the standard Lagrangian libraries were substantially extended to account for all necessary *** are tracked considering both translational and rotational motion as well as all relevant forces,such as gravity/buoyancy,drag and transverse lift due to shear and particle *** tracking time step was dynamically adapted ac-cording to the locally relevant time scales,which drastically reduces computational *** approaches are adopted to model particle turbulent dispersion,particle collisions with rough walls and particle-particle *** solid particle erosion models,available in the literature,were considered to estimate pipe bend *** study cases are provided to validate the adopted nu-merical approach and erosion models *** first case intends to evaluate the ability of the extended CFD code to predict the behaviour of gas-solid flows in pneumatic conveying *** goal is achieved by comparing the numerical results with the experimental data obtained by Huber(1997)and Huber and Sommerfeld(1994,1998)in a pneumatic conveying ***,the importance of considering inter-particle collisions and surface roughness for predicting particle velocity,mass flux and mean diameter distributions in gas-solid flows is *** second and third case intend to evaluate the ability of the erosion models in estimating bend erosion in diluted gas-solid *** erosion data obtained experimentally by Mazumder et al.(2008)and Solnordal et al.(2015)in very dilut pneumatic conveying systems is used for validating the numerical results,neglecting now inter-particle collisions and two-way *** a comprehensive analysis of the different influential properti

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Pipe bend Numerical calculation(CFD) Euler/Lagrange approach Erosion models Wall roughness

Differential roles of seed and sprout regeneration in forest diversity and productivity after disturbance

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 371-380页

作者： Marek Mejstrík martin Svatek martina Pollastrini martin Sramek Radim Matula Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcka 12916500PragueCzech Republic Department of Forest Botany Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 361300BrnoCzech Republic Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FirenzePiazzale Delle Cascine 2850144FirenzeItaly

Natural regeneration after disturbances is a key phase of forest development,which determines the trajectory of successional changes in tree species composition and *** trees can originate from either seeds or sprouts produced by disturbed trees with sprouting *** both regeneration strategies often develop and co-occur after a disturbance,they tend to affect forest development differently due to significant functional ***,the origin of tree regeneration is rarely distinguished in post-disturbance forest surveys and ecological studies,and the differential roles of seed and sprout regeneration in forest productivity and diversity remain poorly *** address these research gaps,we explored the role of sprout and seed regeneration in the formation of woody species diversity and above-ground biomass(AGB)productivity in early-stage forest *** were collected in two experimental forest stands in the Czech Republic,where trees were cut with varying intensities with the density of residual(uncut)trees ranging from 0 to 275 trees per *** trees were mapped and their sizes were measured before cutting and then,either as a stump with sprouts or a residual tree,remeasured 11 years *** addition,all tree saplings were mapped and measured 11 years after logging,and their origin(sprout or seed)was *** assess abundances and productivity,we estimated AGB of all2,685 sprouting stumps of 19 woody species and 504 generative(i.e.,seed origin)individuals of 16 woody species,using allometric ***-effects models were used to analyze the effects of each regeneration strategy on woody species diversity and the total AGB under varying densities of residual *** multidimensional scaling was used to evaluate the effect of regeneration strategies on species *** and diversity of sprouts were significantly higher than those of seed *** formed on average97.1%of

关键词： Resprouting Seeding Residual trees Tree diversity Above-ground biomass

Applicability limits of the DAX test in plastic bonded explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 64-70页

作者： martin Künzel Jindrich Kucera Jiri Pachman OZM Research Bliznovice 32Hrochuv Tynec 53862Czech Republic Institute of Energetic Materials Faculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentska 95Pardubice 53210Czech Republic

The Disc Acceleration e Xperiment(DAX)is one of the most recent experimental methods of performance characterization of new energetic materials.A cylindrical explosive charge accelerates a thin metallic disc and its velocity is measured continuously using photonic Doppler *** detonation velocity is measured *** DAX test can be used to obtain the Chapman-Jouguet(CJ)detonation pressure and to describe detonation products expansion using reduced amount of explosive.A series of DAX tests was performed at various charge diameters and disc thicknesses with Semtex 1 A plastic bonded explosive and sensitized *** DAX-like evaluation was also applied to previously measured data of Semtex 1A and A-IX-1 *** optimum disc thickness is determined by the disc to explosive mass ratio of *** repeatability of the Semtex 1 A detonation pressure results is about four times lower compared to the pressed and liquid explosives.

关键词： Flyer plate Detonation pressure Photonic Doppler velocimetry Semtex

Are TrkB receptor agonists the right tool to fulfill the promises for a therapeutic value of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 29-34页

作者： Marta Zagrebelsky martin Korte Division of Cellular Neurobiology Zoological InstituteTU BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research AG NINDBraunschweigGermany

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling via its receptor tro pomyosin receptor kinase B regulates several crucial physiological *** has been shown to act in the brain,promoting neuronal survival,growth,and plasticity as well as in the rest of the body where it is involved in regulating for instance aspects of the *** to its crucial and very pleiotro pic activity,reduction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and alterations in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling have been found to be associated with a wide spectrum of neurological *** r,because of its poor bioavailability and pharmacological properties,brain-derived neurotrophic factor itself has a very low therapeutic ***,the concomitant binding of exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor to the p75 neurotrophin receptor has the potential to elicit several unwanted and deleterious side *** re,developing tools and approaches to specifically promote tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling has become an important goal of translational *** the newly developed tools are different categories of tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonist *** this review,we give a comprehensive description of the diffe rent tro pomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonist drugs developed so far and of the res ults of their application in animal models of several neurological ***,we discuss the main benefits of tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonists,concentrating especially on the new tropomyosin receptor kinase B agonist *** benefits observed both in vitro and in vivo upon application of tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor agonist drugs seem to predominantly depend on their general neuroprotective activity and their ability to promote neuronal ***,tro pomyosin receptor kinase B agonist antibodies have been shown to specifically bind the tropomyosin recepto

关键词： Alzheimer's disease brain-derived neurotrophic factor depression Parkinson's disease tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptor

Optimization of product characteristics of porous carbon agglomerates using a design of experiments in fluidized bed agglomeration

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 258-269页

作者： martin Oelofse Robert Rack Marcelle Hilden Peter Langguth Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany Carbon Advanced Solutions GmbH HeuchelheimGermany

Spraying parameters during particle agglomeration processes can affect the agglomeration kinetics and particle *** study was conducted to better understand the influence of the spraying parameters in a fluidized bed wet agglomeration process,and the influence on the stability characteristics of carbon tablets.A formulation based on fine carbon and peroxide powder,as well as carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder,was used to produce agglomerates in a first production *** in a second production step carbon tablets with a high porosity were molded for the customer goods *** optimization of the compressive strength of these carbon tablets was the goal of the *** agglomerates were produced with a laboratory scale granulator called“ProCell”and were compressed with a five-cavity mechanical *** screening of the agglomeration process parameters and their influence on the agglomerates quality,as well as the performance characteristics of the carbon tablets,were investigated using a multilevel factorial *** experimental runs were done by varying atomized air pressure and feed rate of the *** was determined by the design *** findings of the statistical trials showed that low atomized air pressure and a low feed rate lead to a higher tablet compressive strength.

关键词： Wet agglomeration Fluidized bed Design of experiments Carbon agglomerates and tablets