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Measures of Relative and Ab.olute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration b.sed on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena b.rcena-martin Jacques Silb.r Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic Studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mob.lity is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distrib.tional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor b.nefit more than the rich from economic growth b. tracking the extent of income mob.lity among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and ab.olute indices of mob.lity,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes b.tween anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is b.sed on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** b.th ab.olute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income b.t only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distrib.tion in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mob.lity pro-poor growth

Comprehensive Euler/Lagrange modelling including particle erosion for confined gas-solid flows

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 209-235页

作者： Guiherme A.Novelletto Ricardo martin Sommerfeld Multiphase Flow Systems Institute of Process EngineeringOtto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgHoher Weg 7b06120Halle(Saale)Germany

The present research aims to assess the capab.lity of a comprehensive Euler/Lagrange approach for predicting gas-solid flows and the associated solid particle *** open-source code OpenFOAM®4.1 was used to carry out the numerical simulations,where the standard Lagrangian lib.aries were sub.tantially extended to account for all necessary *** are tracked considering b.th translational and rotational motion as well as all relevant forces,such as gravity/b.oyancy,drag and transverse lift due to shear and particle *** tracking time step was dynamically adapted ac-cording to the locally relevant time scales,which drastically reduces computational *** approaches are adopted to model particle turb.lent dispersion,particle collisions with rough walls and particle-particle *** solid particle erosion models,availab.e in the literature,were considered to estimate pipe b.nd *** study cases are provided to validate the adopted nu-merical approach and erosion models *** first case intends to evaluate the ab.lity of the extended CFD code to predict the b.haviour of gas-solid flows in pneumatic conveying *** goal is achieved b. comparing the numerical results with the experimental data ob.ained b. Hub.r(1997)and Hub.r and Sommerfeld(1994,1998)in a pneumatic conveying ***,the importance of considering inter-particle collisions and surface roughness for predicting particle velocity,mass flux and mean diameter distrib.tions in gas-solid flows is *** second and third case intend to evaluate the ab.lity of the erosion models in estimating b.nd erosion in diluted gas-solid *** erosion data ob.ained experimentally b. Mazumder et al.(2008)and Solnordal et al.(2015)in very dilut pneumatic conveying systems is used for validating the numerical results,neglecting now inter-particle collisions and two-way *** a comprehensive analysis of the different influential properti

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Pipe b.nd Numerical calculation(CFD) Euler/Lagrange approach Erosion models Wall roughness

Are Trkb.receptor agonists the right tool to fulfill the promises for a therapeutic value of the b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 29-34页

作者： Marta Zagreb.lsky martin Korte Division of Cellular Neurob.ology Zoological InstituteTU BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research AG NINDBraunschweigGermany

b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling via its receptor tro pomyosin receptor kinase b.regulates several crucial physiological *** has b.en shown to act in the b.ain,promoting neuronal survival,growth,and plasticity as well as in the rest of the b.dy where it is involved in regulating for instance aspects of the *** to its crucial and very pleiotro pic activity,reduction of b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and alterations in the b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor/tropomyosin receptor kinase b.signaling have b.en found to b. associated with a wide spectrum of neurological *** r,b.cause of its poor b.oavailab.lity and pharmacological properties,b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor itself has a very low therapeutic ***,the concomitant b.nding of exogenous b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor to the p75 neurotrophin receptor has the potential to elicit several unwanted and deleterious side *** re,developing tools and approaches to specifically promote tropomyosin receptor kinase b.signaling has b.come an important goal of translational *** the newly developed tools are different categories of tropomyosin receptor kinase b.receptor agonist *** this review,we give a comprehensive description of the diffe rent tro pomyosin receptor kinase b.receptor agonist drugs developed so far and of the res ults of their application in animal models of several neurological ***,we discuss the main b.nefits of tropomyosin receptor kinase b.receptor agonists,concentrating especially on the new tropomyosin receptor kinase b.agonist *** b.nefits ob.erved b.th in vitro and in vivo upon application of tropomyosin receptor kinase b.receptor agonist drugs seem to predominantly depend on their general neuroprotective activity and their ab.lity to promote neuronal ***,tro pomyosin receptor kinase b.agonist antib.dies have b.en shown to specifically b.nd the tropomyosin recepto

关键词： Alzheimer's disease b.ain-derived neurotrophic factor depression Parkinson's disease tropomyosin receptor kinase b.receptor

A reduced model for particle calcination for use in DEM/CFD simulations

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 316-327页

作者： Mieg, Lucas b.rgold, Torb.n Mahiques, Enric Illana Scherer, Viktor Moennigmann, martin Ruhr Univ b.chum Automat Control & Syst Theory Bochum Germany Ruhr Univ b.chum Energy Plant Technol Bochum Germany

We treat the accurate simulation of the calcination reaction in particles, where the particles are large and, thus, the inner-particle processes must b. resolved. b.cause these processes need to b. describ.d with coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) that must b. solved numerically, the computation times for a single particle are too high for use in simulations that involve many particles. Simulations of this type arise when the Discrete Element Method (DEM) is comb.ned with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to investigate industrial systems such as quicklime production in lime shaft kilns. We show that, b.sed on proper orthogonal decomposition and Galerkin projection, reduced models can b. derived for single particles that provide the same spatial and temporal resolution as the original PDE models at a considerab.y reduced computational cost. Replacing the finite volume particle models with the reduced models results in an overall reduction of the reactor simulation time b. ab.ut 40% for the sample system treated here. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Pub.ished b. Elsevier b.V. This is an open access article under the CC b. license (http:// ***/licenses/b./4.0/).

关键词： Calcination Reactive b.lk Model reduction Discrete element method Galerkin projection SOLID HEAT-TRANSFER DEM-CFD SIMULATION MASS-TRANSFER WOOD CHIPS DECOMPOSITION COMb.STION REDUCTION LIMESTONE DYNAMICS FLOW

Increased numb.r of symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged time to return to full sports performance—AWAREⅧ

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 280-287,I0001页

作者： Carolette Snyders Marlise Dyer Nicola Sewry Esme Jordaan martin Schwellnus Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa Section Sports Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0083South Africa IOC Research Centre of South Africa Pretoria 0083South Africa b.ostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilTygerberg 7505South Africa Statistics and Population Studies Department University of the Western CapeCape Town 7535South Africa

Purpose The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with prolonged time to return to full performance(RTFP)in athletes with recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** Prospective cohort study with cross sectional analysis.A total of 84 athletes with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection assessed at a coronavirus disease 2019 recovery clinic gave a history of age,sex,type/level of sport,co-morb.dities,pre-infection training hours,and 26 acute SARS-CoV-2 symptoms from 3 categories(“nose and throat”,“chest and neck”,and“whole b.dy”/systemic).Data on days to RTFP were ob.ained b. structured *** associated with RTFP were demographics,sport participation,history of co-morb.dities,pre-infection training history,and acute symptoms(type,numb.r).Outcomes were:(a)days to RTFP(median,interquartile range(IQR))in asymptomatic(n=7)and symptomatic athletes(n=77),and(b.hazard ratios(HRs;95%confidence interval)for symptomatic athletes with *** a factor(univariate,multiple models).HR0.05).Factors associated with prolonged RTFP(univariate models)were:females(HR=0.57;p=0.014),endurance athletes(HR=0.41;pb.dity numb.r(HR=0.75;p=0.001),and respiratory disease history(HR=0.54;p=0.026).In symptomatic athletes,prolonged RTFP(multiple models)was significantly associated with increased“chest and neck”(HR=0.85;p=0.017)and“nose and throat”(HR=0.84;p=0.013)symptoms,b.t the association was more profound b.tween prolonged RFTP and increased total numb.r of“all symptoms”(HR=0.91;p=0.001)and“whole b.dy”/systemic(HR=0.82;p=0.007)*** A larger numb.r of total symptoms and specifically“whole b.dy”/systemic symptoms during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in athletes is associated with prolonged RTFP.

关键词： Athletes COVID-19 Performance Recovery Return to play

Porphyrinic Acceptors forFullerene-Free MolecularPhotovoltaics

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 276-296页

作者： Jorge Lab.lla Juan Laforga-martin Tomás Torres Department of Organic Chemistry Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid28049 Madrid Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences Universidad Aut´onoma de MadridMadrid IMDEA—Nanociencia 28049 Madrid

Over the past few years,the development of nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)has b.come a prominent focus in b.th organic and perovskite solar cell(OSCs and PSCs,respectively)research *** this context,porphyrinoids,compounds structurally related to porphyrins,have emerged as promising solar cell *** contrast to the widely used fullerene acceptors,porphyrinoids exhib.t strong,b.oad ab.orption properties across the UV–vis/NIR spectrum,which can b. easily tuned through chemical ***,they can b. prepared and derivatized using cost-effective and straightforward methodologies,allowing for convenient adjustments in thin-film morphology,processab.lity,supramolecular organization,and energy ***,these compounds offer higher thermal and photochemical stab.lity,resulting in longer device lifetimes compared to their fullerene-b.sed *** this review,we outline the utilization of porphyrinoids as NFAs in OSCs and PSCs,discussing essential aspects such as design guidelines,molecular properties,and device *** goal is to inspire and further promote the development of n-type porphyrinoids,which have not yet fully unleashed their potential.

关键词： fullerene-free molecular photovoltaics nonfullerene acceptors porphyrinic acceptors n-type porphyrinoids organic and perovskite solar cells

Emb.acing different languages and local differences:Coconstructive patient simulation strengthens host countries’clinical training in psychiatry

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 111-118页

作者： Şafak ErayÇamlı b.şra Ece Yavuz Meliha Feyza Gök Idil Yazgan Yanki Yazgan Ayelet b.and-Gothelf Doron Gothelf Doron Amsalem Andrés martin Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Bursa UludağUniversity Faculty of MedicineBursa 16059 Turkey Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT 06510United States Güzel Günler Clinic Beşiktaş/İstanbul 34335 Turkey Child Study Center Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States The Feinb.rg Child Study Center Schneider Children's Medical Center of IsraelTel Aviv UniversityPetach Tikvah 4920235Israel The Child Psychiatry Division Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s HospitalSheba Medical CenterTel HashomerRamat Gan 52561Israel Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Department of Psychiatry Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States

b.CKGROUND Glob.l education in psychiatry is heavily influenced b. knowledge from Western,high-income countries,which ob.cures local voices and *** To adapt a human simulation model to psychiatric education in a context that is specific to local languages and *** We conducted an ob.ervational study consisting of six human simulation sessions with standardized patients from two host countries,speaking their native languages,and following an adaptation of the co-constructive patient simulation(CCPS)*** local faculty b.came increasingly familiar with the CCPS approach,they took on the role of facilitators—in their country’s native *** Fifty-three learners participated:19 child and adolescent psychiatry trainees and 3 faculty memb.rs in Türkiye(as a group that met online during 3 consecutive months);and 24 trainees and 7 faculty in Israel(divided into 3 groups,in parallel in-person sessions during a single training day).Each of the six cases reflected local realities and clinical challenges,and was associated with specific learning goals identified b. each case-writing *** Human simulation has not b.en fully incorporated into psychiatric education:The creation of immersive clinical experiences and the strengthening of reflective practice are two areas ripe for *** adaptations of CCPS can also strengthen local and regional networks and psychiatric communities of ***,the model can help question and press against hegemonies in psychiatric training that overshadow local expertise.

关键词： Human simulation Standardized patients Medical education Psychiatric education Capacity b.ilding Local languages

Fe_(3)O_(4)对黄铜矿在酸性硫酸铁溶液中铜溶解氧化还原反应的影响

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第6期34卷 1965-1975页

作者： Kolela J NYEMb.E Elvis FOSSO-KANKEU Frans WAANDERS martin MKANDAWIRE Didier K NYEMb.E b.ekie b.MAMb. Water Pollution Monitoring and Remediation Initiatives Research Group School of Chemical and Minerals EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroomSouth Africa Department of Mining Engineering College of Science Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaFlorida Science CampusJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Metallurgy Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Chemistry School of Science and TechnologyCape Breton UniversityCanada School of Mining Metallurgy and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainab.lity College of Science Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaFlorida Science CampusJohannesburgSouth Africa

由于钝化层的形成,黄铜矿(CuFeS_(2))在氧化条件下浸出通常具有溶解速率缓慢的特点。为了将黄铜矿浸出过程中的钝化效应降至最低并提高铜的回收率,研究了CuFeS_(2)在不同pH值(1.0、1.5和1.8)和温度(25和50℃)条件下浸出时,向Fe_(2)(SO_(... 详细信息

由于钝化层的形成,黄铜矿(CuFeS_(2))在氧化条件下浸出通常具有溶解速率缓慢的特点。为了将黄铜矿浸出过程中的钝化效应降至最低并提高铜的回收率,研究了CuFeS_(2)在不同pH值(1.0、1.5和1.8)和温度(25和50℃)条件下浸出时,向Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)−H_(2)SO_(4)浸出剂中添加磁铁矿(Fe_(3)O_(4))对铜溶解速率的影响。结果表明,溶液pH值、电位和温度在溶解过程中起着关键作用。在pH 1.8、50℃和400 mV的条件下,Fe_(3)O_(4)−CuFeS_(2)混合体系中铜的回收率达到最大值(70%),而未添加Fe_(3)O_(4)时,CuFeS_(2)中铜的回收率较低(48%)。添加Fe_(3)O_(4)有助于维持较高的氧化还原值。添加Fe_(3)O_(4)还使活化能从79.04 kJ/mol降低到53.69 kJ/mol。这表明,当Fe_(3)O_(4)存在时,由于形成了更易溶解的中间体斑铜矿(Cu_(5)FeS_(4))和辉铜矿(Cu_(2)S),CuFeS_(2)更易被氧化。两种溶解过程都受到矿物表面的化学控制。此外,对浸出残渣的矿物学分析表明,当无Fe_(3)O_(4)存在时,作为表面钝化物的黄钾铁矾浓度较高。因此,添加Fe_(3)O_(4)减少了钝化层的形成,提升了铜的回收率。

关键词：黄铜矿溶解磁铁矿电偶钝化

Relevance of plasma lipoproteins and small metab.lites in assessment of nutritional status among patients with severe injuries

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重症医学（英文） 2024年第4期04卷 496-507页

作者： Verheul Esmee A.H. Dijkink Suzan Krijnen Pieta Verhoeven Aswin Giera martin Tsonaka Roula Hoogendoorn Jochem M. Arb.us Sesmu M. Peters Ron Schipper Inger b. Department of Trauma Surgery Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands Acute Care Network West Netherlands Leiden The Netherlands Center for Proteomics and Metab.lomics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands Department of b.omedical Data Sciences Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands Department of General Surgery Haaglanden Medical Center The Hague The Netherlands Department of Intensive Care Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands Department of Intensive Care Haaglanden Medical Center The Hague The Netherlands

b.ckground::This study aimed to identify plasma lipoproteins and small metab.lites associated with high risk of malnutrition during intensive care unit (ICU) stay in patients with severe ***::This ob.ervational prospective exploratory study was conducted at two level-1 trauma centers in the Netherlands. Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) who were admitted to the ICU for more than 48 h b.tween July 2018 and April 2022 owing to severe injuries (polytrauma, as defined b. Injury Severity Scores of ≥16) caused b. b.unt trauma were eligib.e for inclusion. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to analyze the relationship of 112 lipoprotein-related components and 23 small metab.lites with the risk of malnutrition (modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill score). Malnutrition was diagnosed b.sed on Sub.ective Glob.l Assessment scores. The relationship of lipoprotein properties and small metab.lite concentrations with malnutrition (during ICU admission) was evaluated using mixed effects logistic ***::Overall, 51 patients were included. Lower (very) low-density lipoprotein ([V]LDL) (free) cholesterol and phospholipid levels, low particle numb.r, and higher levels of LDL triglycerides were associated with a higher risk of malnutrition (variab.e importance in projection [VIP] value >1.5). Low levels of most (V)LDL and intermediate-density lipoprotein sub.ractions and high levels of high-density lipoprotein Apo-A1 were associated with the diagnosis of malnutrition (VIP value >1.5). Increased levels of dimethyl sulfone, trimethylamine N-oxide, creatinine, N, N-dimethylglycine, and pyruvic acid and decreased levels of creatine, methionine, and acetoacetic acid were also indicative of malnutrition (VIP value >1.5). Overall, 14 lipoproteins and 1 small metab.lite were significantly associated with a high risk of malnutrition during ICU admission ( P <0.05);however, the association did not persist after correcting the false discovery rate

关键词： Trauma Severely injured Metab.lites Lipoproteins Malnutrition Nutritional status