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Evidence-Based Policies in Education:Initiatives and Challenges in Europe

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ECNU Review of Education 2021年第1期4卷 25-45页

作者： marta Pellegrini Giuliano Vivanet University of Florence University of Cagliari

Purpose:This article examines the state of progress of evidence-based educational policies in Europe and identifies organizations for the generation and dissemination of ***,it discusses some of the most relevant challenges facing the development of evidence-informed education policies in ***/Approach/Methods:This article analyzes official documents by the European Commission(EC)and other *** in the field of evidence-based education world wide is examined to identify the primary challenges and issues related to the development of a culture of evidence in Europe’s education sector Findings:The EC has recently prioritized evidence-informed policy and practice in education,increasingly encouraging member states to utilize evidence in the policy decision-making *** to official documents,this process began in 2006 and has since enjoyed remarkable progress through several initiatives intended to spread a culture of evidence in ***,several challenges and issues remain regarding the promotion of evidence-informed ***/Value:Having prioritized evidence-informed policy and practice,the EC strongly encourages the adoption of evidence in the policymaking *** article provides a point of reference regarding the initiatives already undertaken and the challenges facing evidence-based educational policies and policymaking in Europe.

关键词： Challenges educational system European policy evidence-based policy

Cluster-Based Distributed Algorithms for Very Large Linear Equations

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2006年第1期15卷 66-70页

作者：古志民 marta Kwiatkowska 付引霞 School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China School of Computer Science University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom

In many applications such as computational fluid dynamics and weather prediction, as well as image processing and state of Markov chain etc., the grade of matrix n is often very large, and any serial algorithm cannot solve the problems. A distributed cluster-based solution for very large linear equations is discussed, it includes the definitions of notations, partition of matrix, communication mechanism, and a master-slaver algorithm etc., the computing cost is O（n^3/N）, the memory cost is O（n^2/N）, the I/O cost is O（n^2/N）, and the com- munication cost is O（Nn ）, here, N is the number of computing nodes or processes. Some tests show that the solution could solve the double type of matrix under 10^6 × 10^6 effectively.

关键词： Gaussian elimination partition cluster-based distributed computing

Rock temperature variability in high-altitude rockfall-prone areas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第3期19卷 798-811页

作者： Guido NIGRELLI marta CHIARLE Andrea MERLONE Graziano COPPA Chiara MUSACCHIO Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR) Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica(IRPI)Torino 10135Italy Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica(INRiM) Torino 10135Italy

In a context of cryosphere degradation caused by climate warming,rock temperature is one of the main driving factors of rockfalls that occur on high-elevation mountain *** order to improve the knowledge of this critical relationship,it is necessary to increase measurement capability of rock temperature and its variability in different lithological and slope/aspect conditions,and also to increase local scale studies,increasing the quality and the comparability of the *** paper shows an example of metrological characterization of sensors used for rock temperature measurement in mountain regions,by means of the measurement *** such approach,data and results from temperature measurements carried out in the Bessanese high-elevation experimental site(Western European Alps)are *** procedures for the calibration and field characterization of sensors allow to measure temperature in different locations,depths and lithotypes,within 0.10°C of overall *** work has highlighted that metrological traceability is fundamental to asses data quality and establish comparability among different measurements;that there are strong differences between air temperature and near-surface rock temperature;and that there are significant differences of rock temperature acquired in different aspect ***,solar radiation,slope/aspect conditions and lithotype,seem to be the main driving factors of rock temperature.

关键词： Rock temperature Rockfalls European Alps Climate warming Temperature measurement

Multitaper spectral method to estimate the elastic thickness of South China: Implications for intracontinental deformation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第2期5卷 193-203页

作者： Yangfan Deng Zhongjie Zhang Weiming Fan marta Pérez-Gussinyé State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Science Department of Earth Sciences Royal Holloway University of London

The effective elastic thickness （Te） represents the thickness of the elastic layer or the flexural rigidity of the lithosphere, the equivalent of which can be calculated from the spectral analysis of gravity and topographic data. Studies of Te have profound influence on intracontinental deformation, and coupling of the tectonic blocks. In this paper, we use the multitaper spectral estimation method to calculate the coherence between Bouguer gravity and topography data, and to obtain the Te map of South China. Through the process of correction, we discuss the relationships of Te versus heat flow, and Te versus seismicity. The results show that Te distribution of South China is affected by three factors：the original age, which controls the basic feature;the Mesozoic evolution, which affects the Te distribution;and the neotectonic movement, which shaped the final distribution. The crust age has a positive correlation with the first-order Te distribution;thus the Yangtze Craton has a relatively higher Te （about 50 km） whereas the Te in Cathaysia block is only 10e20 km. By analysis and comparison among the tectonic models of South China, the Te distribution can be well explained using the flat-subduction model. As is typical with neotectonics, the region with a higher heat flow is related with a lower Te. The seismicity does not have a clear relationship with Te, but the strong seismicity could cause a low Te. Seismogenic layer （Ts） has a similar trend as Te in the craton, whereas in other areas the relationship is complex.

关键词： South China Effective elastic thickness Spectrum estimation Heat flow Seismicity

Sovereign Wealth Funds: Analysis of the International Investment Strategy of China Investment Corporation

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Sovereign Wealth Funds: Analysis of the International Invest...

作者： marta Allevi 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

由于对政策性投资的担忧,相对透明的SWF产业的缺失以及其他一些敏感性相关因素,目前主权财富基金的创立及发展仍然是一个存在争议的话题。然而,导致这一现象出现的最根本原因,要归咎于当今世界经济金融隔绝的变动。对于这一当今中国经...

由于对政策性投资的担忧,相对透明的SWF产业的缺失以及其他一些敏感性相关因素,目前主权财富基金的创立及发展仍然是一个存在争议的话题。然而,导致这一现象出现的最根本原因,要归咎于当今世界经济金融隔绝的变动。对于这一当今中国经济改革发展中的热门话题,本研究旨在分析中国投资有限责任公司,中国主权财富基金的运作目标及策略。本研究主要由以下三部分组成： ○第一章概述作为新兴市场的球员的主权财富基金：起源和近期的最新发展;最常见的目标公司的投资策略和组合配置和尴尬的问题;关于透明度和问责性;以及随之而来的利益方面的趋势,媒体和政界人士的关注。 ○第二章总结了中国投资有限责任公司的特点。 ○第三章基于中国投资责任有限公司在国际权益市场投资的显著样本从而对相关问题进行实证研究。

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Cyclooxygenase 2 in liver dysfunction and carcinogenesis: Facts and perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第20期23卷 3572-3580页

作者： Paloma Martín-Sanz marta Casado Lisardo Boscá Department of Metabolism and Cell Signaling Institute of Biomedical Research Alberto Sols Biomedical Network Center for the Study of Hepatic and Digestive Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases Metabolic Experimental Pathology Unit Biomedical Institute of ValenciaJaume Roig 11

The biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes has been a focus of interest in the management of many liver *** are the enzymes involved in the first step of the biosynthesis of these lipid mediators and selective inhibitors for these isoenzymes as well as pharmacological analogues of prostaglandins have been developed and are currently applied *** we discuss the implications of these enzymes in the onset of metabolic and lipid disorders in the liver and their potential role in the progression of the diseases towards fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

关键词： Cyclooxygenase-2 NAS Prostaglandin Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Hepatocellular carcinoma

COX-2 in liver,from regeneration to hepatocarcinogenesis:What we have learned from animal models?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第12期16卷 1430-1435页

作者： Paloma Martín-Sanz Rafael Mayoral marta Casado Lisardo Boscá Biomedical Network Center for the Study of Hepatic and Digestive Diseases(CIBERehd) Department of Metabolism and Cell Signaling Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols"(CSIC-UAM) Department of Pathology and Molecular and Cellular Therapy Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia(IBV-CSIC)

The use of animals lacking genes or expressing genes under the control of cell-specific promoters has signifi cantly increased our knowledge of the genetic and molecular basis of physiopathology,allowing testing of functional hypotheses and validation of biochemical and pharmacologic approaches in order to understand cell ***,with unexpected frequency,gene knockout animals and,more commonly,animal models of transgenesis give experimental support to even opposite conclusions on gene *** we summarize what we learned on the role of cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2) in liver and revise the results obtained in 3 independent models of mice expressing a COX-2 transgene specifi cally in the *** challenge with pro-inflammatory stimuli,the animals behave very differently,some transgenic models having a protective effect but others enhancing the *** addition,one transgene exerts differential effects on normal liver physiology depending on the transgenic animal model used.

关键词： Cyclooxygenase 2 Prostaglandins Liver diseases Apoptosis Inflammation Animal models

Differential levels of mite infestation of wheat and barley in Czech grain stores

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Insect Science 2009年第3期16卷 255-262页

作者： Jan Hubert Zuzana Kucerova Radek Aulicky marta Nesvorna Vaclav Stejskal Crop Research Institute Prague Czech Republic

While mites are able to utilize numerous food sources, the suitability of the food strongly influences population growth. The different suitabilities of various stored agricultural products will thus affect the level of infestation. In this study, we compared field mite infestation rates in two stored cereals： wheat and barley. We analyzed mite abundance, frequency and species composition in samples of grain obtained from 79 selected Czech grain stores. Stored barley seemed to be more vulnerable to mite attack than wheat, as we consistently found more infested samples, more species and higher mean and median mite abundance per sample in barley as compared to wheat. The mean mite abundance per sam- ple were 55 and 506 individuals for wheat and barley, respectively. In barley, 10% of sampies exceeded allergen risk threshold （i.e., 1 000 individuals per kg of grain）. Altogether, 25 species were identified from approximately 35 000 individuals. The most frequently identified species were the same in wheat and barley, that is, Tydeus interruptus Sig Thor, Acarus siro L., Tarsonemus granarius Lindquist, Lepidoglyphus destructor （Schrank） and Tyrophagus putrescentiae （Schrank）. Based on principal components analysis, we found a closer association of T. interruptus, T. putrescentiae, L. destructor and Cheyletus eruditus （Schrank） with barley samples, corresponding to the high frequency and abundance values of these mites. The probable reasons for the higher infestation, especially mite abundance in barley, are discussed in relation to the higher proportion of crushed parts, which may release favorable nutrient sources and amplify the abundance values.

关键词： barley food grain mite storage wheat

Way back for fructose and liver metabolism:Bench side to molecular insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第45期18卷 6552-6559页

作者： Alba Rebollo Núria Roglans marta Alegret Juan C Laguna Pharmacology Unit School of PharmacyInstitute of BiomedicineUniversity of Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Biomedical Network Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition 08028 BarcelonaSpain

The World Health Organization recommends that the daily intake of added sugars should make up no more than 10% of total *** consumption of sugarsweetened beverages is the main source of added ***,together with glucose,as a component of high fructose corn syrups or as a component of the sucrose molecule,is one of the main sweeteners present in this kind of *** from prospective and intervention studies clearly point to high fructose consumption,mainly in the form of sweetened beverages,as a risk factor for several metabolic diseases in *** incidence of hypertension,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),dyslipidemia(mainly hypertriglyceridemia),insulin resistance,type 2 diabetes mellitus,obesity,and the cluster of many of these pathologies in the form of metabolic syndrome is higher in human population segments that show high intake of *** and young adults from lowincome families are especially at *** recently reviewed evidence from experimental animals and human data that confirms the deleterious effect of fructose on lipid and glucose *** this present review we update the information generated in the past 2 years about high consumption of fructose-enriched beverages and the occurrence of metabolic disturbances,especially NAFLD,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and metabolic *** have explored recent data from observational and experimental human studies,as well as experimental data from animal and cell ***,using information generated in our laboratory and others,we provide a view of the molecular mechanisms that may be specifically involved in the development of liver lipid and glucose metabolic alterations after fructose consumption in liquid form.

关键词： Obesity Metabolic syndrome Hypertension Dyslipidemia Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Clinicalstudies Experimental studies Sweetened beverages