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Glacial biodiversity of the southernmost glaciers of the European Alps(Clapier and Peirabroc,Italy)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2139-2159页

作者： Barbara VALLE Mauro GOBBI marta TOGNETTI Marina Serena BORGATTI Chiara COMPOSTELLA Paolo PANTINI Marco CACCIANIGA Universitàdegli Studi di Milano Department of BiosciencesVia Celoria 2620133 MilanoItaly MUSE-Science Museum of Trento Research and Museum Collections OfficeClimate and Ecology UnitCorso del Lavoro e della Scienza338122 TrentoItaly Universitàdegli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra"A.Desio"Via Mangiagalli 3420133 MilanoItaly Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali"E.Caffi" Piazza della Cittadella1024129 BergamoItaly

We applied a multi-taxa approach integrating the co-occurrence of plants,ground beetles,spiders and springtails with soil parameters(temperatures and chemical characteristics)in order to describe the primary succession along two glacier forelands in the Maritime Alps(Italy),a hotspot of Mediterranean *** compared these successions to those from Central Alps:Maritime glacier forelands markedly differ for their higher values of species richness and species *** to our expectation,Maritime glacier forelands follow a‘replacement change model’,like continental succession of Inner Alps and differently from other peripheral *** propose that the temperatures along these Mediterranean glacier forelands are warmer than those along other Alpine glacier forelands,which promote the faster species ***,we found that early and mid successional stages of the investigated glaciers are richer in cold-adapted and endemic species than the later ones:we confirmed that the‘replacement change’model disadvantages pioneer,cold-adapted *** the overall correspondence among coldadapted and endemic species,the most threatened in this climate phase,our results raise new concerns about the extinction risk of these *** also describe supraglacial habitat of Maritime glaciers demonstrating that supraglacial debris represents an environment decoupled from the regional climate and may have an important role as refugium for coldadapted and hygrophilous plant and animal species,whose survival can be threatened by climate change and by a rapid ecological succession in the adjacent forelands.

关键词： Arthropod communities Cold-adapted species Glacier forelands Plant communities Primary succession

Quantitative analysis of opioids and cannabinoids in wastewater samples

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Forensic Sciences Research 2017年第1期2卷 18-25页

作者： Alethea Jacox Jillian Wetzel Shu-Yuan Cheng marta Concheiro Department of Sciences John Jay College of Criminal JusticeCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA

Wastewater-based epidemiology is an innovative approach that uses the analysis of human excretion products in wastewater to obtain information about exposure to drugs in defined population *** developed and validated an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of opioids(morphine,oxycodone,hydrocodone,oxymorphone and hydromorphone),and cannabinoids(△9-tetrahydrocannabinol,11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol(THCCOOH)and THCCOOH-glucuronide)in raw-influent wastewater samples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass *** validation included linearity(5-1000 ng/L for opioids,10-1000 ng/L for cannabinoids),imprecision(<21.2%),accuracy(83%-131%),matrix effect(from-35.1%to-14.7%)and extraction efficiency(25%-84%),limit of detection(1-5 ng/L)and quantification(5-10 ng/L)and auto-sampler stability(no loss detected).River and wastewater samples were collected in triplicate from different locations in New York City and stored at-20℃until *** from sewage overflow location tested positive for morphine(10.7 ng/L),oxycodone(4.2-23.5 ng/L),oxymorphone(4.8 ng/L)and hydromorphone(4.2 ng/L).Raw influent wastewater samples tested positive for morphine(133.0-258.3 ng/L),oxycodone(31.1-63.6 ng/L),oxymorphone(16.0-56.8 ng/L),hydromorphone(6.8-18.0 ng/L),hydrocodone(4.0-12.8 ng/L)and THCCOOH(168.2-772.0 ng/L).This method is sensitive and specific for opioids and marijuana determination in wastewater samples.

关键词： Forensic science forensic toxicology chromatography liquid tandem mass spectrometry solid phase extraction wastewater opioid cannabis

Combining European Earth Observation products with Dynamic Global Vegetation Models for estimating Essential Biodiversity Variables

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 262-277页

作者： Mateus Dantas de Paula marta Gómez Giménez Aidin Niamir Martin Thurner Thomas Hickler Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre(BiK-F) Senckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungFrankfurt am MainGermany Department of Ecological Modelling UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research LeipzigGermany

Global,fast and accessible monitoring of biodiversity is one of the main pillars of the efforts undertaken in order to revert it *** Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network(GEO-BON)provided an expert-based definition of the biological properties that should be monitored,the Essential Biodiversity Variables(EBVs).Initiatives to provide indicators for EBVs rely on global,freely available remote sensing(RS)products in combination with empirical models and field data,and are invaluable for decision *** this study,we provide alternatives for the expansion and improvement of the EBV indicators,by suggesting current and future data from the European Space Agencýs COPERNICUS and explore the potential of RS-integrated Dynamic Global Vegetation Models(DGVMs)for the estimation of *** review found that mainly due to the inclusion of the Sentinel constellation,Copernicus products have similar or superior potential for EBV indicator estimation in relation to their NASA *** simulate the ecosystem level EBVs(ecosystem function and structure),and when integrated with remote sensing data have great potential to not only offer improved estimation of current states but to provide projection of ecosystem *** suggest that focus on producing EBV relevant outputs should be a priority within the research community,to support biodiversity preservation efforts.

关键词： Dynamic Global Vegetation Modelling remote sensing ecosystem dynamics Copernicus Programme Essential Biodiversity Variables

Clinical usefulness of adherence to gastro-esophageal reflux disease guideline by Spanish gastroenterologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第35期18卷 4885-4891页

作者： Fermín Mearin Julio Ponce marta Ponce Agustín Balboa Miguel A González Javier Zapardiel Service of Gastroenterology Centro Medico Teknon Digestive Disease Unit Hospital Quiron Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red:Enfermedades Hepaticasy Digestivas Service of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario La Fe Biostatistics Innovex-Grupo Quintiles Espana Medical Department AstraZeneca Farmaceutica

AIM:To investigate usefulness of adherence to gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) guideline established by the Spanish Association of ***:Prospective,observational and multicentre study of 301 patients with typical symptoms of GERD who should be managed in accordance with guidelines and were attended by gastroenterologists in daily ***(aged > 18 years) were eligible for inclusion if they had typical symptoms of GERD(heartburn and/or acid regurgitation) as the major complaint in the presence or absence of accompanying atypical symptoms,such as dyspeptic symptoms and/or supraesophageal *** and therapeutic decisions should be made based on specific recommendations of the Spanish clinical practice guideline for GERD which is a widely disseminated and well known instrument among Spanish in digestive disease ***:Endoscopy was indicated in 123(41%) patients:50 with alarm symptoms,32 with age > 50 years without alarm ***-two patients(58.5%) had esophagitis(grade A,23,grade B,28,grade C,18,grade D,3).In the presence of alarm symptoms,endoscopy was indicated consistently with recommendations in 98% of ***,in the absence of alarm symptoms,endoscopy was indicated in 33% of patients > 50 years(not recommended by the guideline).Adherence for proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) therapy was 80%,but doses prescribed were lower(half) in 5% of cases and higher(double) in 15%.Adherence regarding duration of PPI therapy was 69%;duration was shorter than recommended in 1%(4 wk in esophagitis grades C-D) or longer in 30%(8 wk in esophagitis grades A-B or in patients without endoscopy).Treatment response was higher when PPI doses were consistent with guidelines,although differences were not significant(95% vs 85%).CONCLUSION:GERD guideline compliance was quite good although endoscopy was over indicated in patients > 50 years without alarm symptoms;PPIs were prescribed at higher doses and longer duration.

关键词： Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Clinicalpractice guidelines Adherence to guidelines Treatmentof gastro-esophageal reflux disease

A comprehensive study of the proteins involved in salinity stress response in roots and shoots of the FL478 genotype of rice(Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica)

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The Crop Journal 2021年第5期9卷 1154-1168页

作者： Camilo Lopez-Cristoffanini Mireia Bundo Xavier Serrat Blanca San Segundo marta Lopez-Carbonell Salvador Nogues Departament de Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsSeccio de Fisiologia VegetalUniversitat de Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBEdifici CRAGCampus de la UAB08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC) BarcelonaSpain

Rice,a major staple,is the most salt-sensitive *** salinity triggers several adaptive responses in rice to cope with osmotic and ionic stress at the physiological,cellular,and molecular levels.A major QTL for salinity tolerance,named Saltol,is present on chromosome 1 of Indian landraces such as Pokkali and Nona *** early proteomic and physiological responses to salinity in roots and shoots of FL478,an inbred rice line harboring the Saltol QTL,were *** were cultured in hydroponic cultures with 100 mmol L^(-1) Na Cl and evaluated at 6,24,and 48 *** the physiological level,root length significantly increased at 48 h,whereas shoot length was *** Na^(+)/K^(+) ratio was maintained at lower levels in shoots than in roots,suggesting that roots play a protective *** than 2000 proteins were detected in both *** showed a faster and more coordinated proteomic response than shoots,evident after only 6 h of *** responses showed clear correspondence with those of proteins involved in transcription and *** of mitochondrial activity and amino acid metabolism in roots,and activation of stress-responsive proteins such as dehydrins and PLAT in shoots,may play a key role during the response of the plant to salinity *** and physiological responses showed that roots respond in a more highly adaptive manner than shoots to salinity stress,suggesting that this tissue is critical to the tolerance observed in cultivars harboring Saltol.

关键词： FL478 Shotgun proteomics Rice Salinity Root Saltol

NHC-catalysed[3+2]-asymmetric annulation between pyrazolin-4,5-diones and enals:synthesis of novel spirocyclic pyrazolone γ-butyrolactones and computational study of mechanism and stereoselectivity

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第2期9卷 420-427页

作者： marta Gil-Ordonez Alicia Maestro Pablo Ortega Pablo G.Jambrina Jose M.Andres GIR-SintACat-Instituto Universitario CINQUIMA y Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de ValladolidPaseo Belén 747011 ValladolidSpain Departamento de Química Física University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain

Chiral pyrazolones with a spirocyclic centre at the C4-position are widely found in a large family of medically relevant *** recent years,organocatalysis,particularly that performed with quiral N-heterocyclic carbenes(NHCs),has allowed the enantioselective synthesis of these spirocyclic compounds despite its inherent *** this work,we describe the fully diastereo-and highly enantioselective synthesis of novel spirocyclic pyrazolone γ-butyrolactones via NHC-catalysed[3+2]annulation reaction of enals and 1H-pyrazol-4,*** understand the catalytic mechanism and origin of stereoselectivity,electronic structure calculations were carried *** considering various pathways,we concluded that the stereoselectivity-determining step is the formation of the lactone that proceeds after addition of the NHC derived homoenolate to the electrophilic carbonyl group of pyrazolin-4,*** calculations predict that the free energy barrier is lower for the(RS)product,which is also the main product experimentally obtained.

关键词： synthesis spiro mechanism

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the ocular surface

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第27期10卷 9619-9627页

作者： Ana marta Joao Heitor Marques Daniel Almeida Diana José Paulo Sousa Irene Barbosa Department of Ophthalmology Centro Hospitalar Universitário do PortoPorto 4099-001Portugal

BACKGROUND There have been increased reports of dry eyes in the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic *** To analyze the differences in tear film properties from pre-and post-pandemic of the COVID-19 *** It was a retrospective comparative *** were divided into three groups according to the data of multimodal ocular surface evaluation:(1) Group 1 if it was before Portugal lockdown decision(from August 2019 to March 2020);(2) Group 2 if it was after Portugal lockdown decision but without mask mandate(from April 2020 to October 2020);and(3) Group 3 if it was after Portugal lockdown but with mask mandate in health public highway(from November 2020 to April 2021).The following variables were analyzed:Lipid layer thickness,blink rate,Schirmer test,tear meniscus height,tear osmolarity,non-invasive break-up time,and loss area of the meibomian *** The study included 548 eyes of 274 patients,aged 18 years to 89 years,with a mean age of 66.15 ± 13.40 years at the time of multimodal ocular surface *** to group 1:(1) Mean lipid layer thickness was better in group 2(P = 0.001) and group 3(P < 0.001);(2) Schirmer test was similar in group 2(P = 0.576) and better in group 3(P = 0.002);(3) Tear osmolarity and loss area of the meibomian glands were worse in group 2(P = 0.031 and P < 0.001,respectively) and in group 3(both with P < 0.001);(4) Blink rate and tear meniscus height were similar in group 2(P = 0.821 and P = 0.370,respectively) and worse in group 3(P < 0.001 and P = 0.038,respectively);and(5) Non-invasive break-up time was worse in group 2(P = 0.030) and similar in group 3(P = 0.263).CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that differences existed in tear film properties comparing data from the pre-and post-pandemic of the COVID-19 era.

关键词： Ocular surface Dry eye Face masks Mask-associated dry eye COVID-19 pandemic

Inconsistent interspecific and intraspecific differentiation of climate envelopes in a subtropical tree

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 176-185页

作者： Qiuchi Wan Zhuo Zheng marta Benito-Garzón Rémy J.Petit School of Earth Science and Geological Engineering Sun Yat-sen University135 Xingang RoadHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510275China Biogeco INRAUniversity of Bordeaux69 Arcachon Road33610 CestasFrance

Aims Comparisons of climate envelopes among species have shown that niche conservatism tends to break down over ***,we use the Asian tree genus Platycarya(Juglandaceae)as a case study to test this tendency at relatively short timescales in a single ***,together with a reanalysis of the extant literature,should help evaluate prospects of using correlations between climate and spe-cies occurrence data to infer evolutionary *** We rely on species distribution models(SDMs)and multivari-ate analyses to compare current and past(Last Glacial Maximum~21ka)climatic envelopes between the two extant Platycarya spe-cies(Platycarya strobilacea and Platycarya longipes)and between mainland and Taiwan populations of ***,paying particu-lar attention to autocorrelation *** also review interpreta-tions provided in similar studies comparing climate envelopes between and within species,including in studies involving native and introduced populations of the same *** Findings We find intraspecific but not interspecific differentiation in climate envelopes of Platycarya,despite the prediction that niche differen-tiation should be stronger between older *** review also suggests that differentiation in climate envelopes need not imply rapid evolutionary *** SDMs can be used to raise evolutionary hypotheses to be validated with other data,we con-clude that it should not be used to directly infer short-term evolu-tionary processes.

关键词： climate envelope Last Glacial Maximum evolution Platycarya species distribution models

Incidence and prevalence of gastric neuroendocrine tumors in patients with chronic atrophic autoimmune gastritis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第8期15卷 1451-1460页

作者： Sara Massironi Camilla Gallo Alessandra Elvevi marta Stegagnini Lorenzo Andrea Coltro Pietro Invernizzi Division of Gastroenterology Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaSchool of MedicineMonza 20900Italy

BACKGROUND The incidence of type I gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms(gNENs)has increased significantly over the past 50 *** autoimmune gastritis(AIG)increases the likelihood of developing gNENs,the exact incidence and prevalence of this association remain *** To evaluate the incidence and prevalence of type I gNENs in a cohort of patients with a histological diagnosis of *** Patients with a histological diagnosis of AIG were enrolled between October 2020 and May *** levels of CgA and gastrin were assessed at *** patients underwent regular endoscopic follow-up to detect gastric neoplastic lesions,enterochromaffin-like(ECL)cell hyperplasia,and the development of *** We included 176 patients[142 women(80.7%),median age 64 years,interquartile range(IQR)53–71 years]diagnosed with AIG between January 1990 and June *** *** hundred and sixteen patients(65.9%)had ECL hyperplasia,of whom,29.5%had simple/linear,30.7%had micronodular,and 5.7%had macronodular *** median follow-up time was 5(3–7.5)*** 1032 person-years,33 patients developed a total of 50 type I gNENs,with an incidence rate of 0.057 person-years,corresponding to an annual cumulative incidence of 5.7%.Circulating CgA levels did not significantly differ between AIG patients who developed gNENs and those who did ***,gastrin levels were significantly higher in AIG patients who developed gNENs[median 992 pg/mL IQR=449–1500 vs 688 pg/mL IQR=423–1200,P=0.03].Calculated gastrin sensitivity and specificity were 90.9%and 1.4%,respectively,with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 30%and a calculated area under the gastrin receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC or AUC)of *** Type I gNENs are a significant complication in ***’s low diagnostic accuracy prevents it from serving as a marker for early *** strategies for early detection and treatment are needed.

关键词： Atrophic gastritis Autoimmune gastritis Gastrin Gastric neuroendocrine tumors