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Virus-Host Interactions Drive Contrasting bacterial Diel Dynamics in the Ocean

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Research 2024年第2期6卷 389-399页

作者： Xiaow.i Chen Chen Hu w.i w.i Yunlan Yang markus G.w.inbauer Hongbo Li Shiying Ren Ruije Ma YVibin Huang Tingw.i Luo Nianzhi Jiao Rui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesFujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon SequestrationXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102PR China College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102PR China Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering School of Environmental Ecology and Biological EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205PR China Sorbonne Universités UPMCUniversitéParis 06CNRSLaboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche(LOV)Villefranche-sur-Mer 06230France National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Ministry of Ecological EnvironmentDalian 116023PR China Department of Ocean Sciences University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA NOAA/OAR Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory SeattleWAUSA Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055PR China

Marine organisms perform a sea of diel *** diel dynamics have been show. to be driven by light,energy resources,circadian rhythms,and the coordinated coupling of photoautotrophs and heterotrophic ***,w. explore the diel fluctuation of viral production and decay and their impact on the total and active bacterial community in the coastal and open seaw.ters of the South China *** results show.d that the night-production diel pattern of lytic viral production w.s concurrent w.th the low.r viral decay at night,contributing to the accumulation of the viral population size during the night for surface *** diel variations in bacterial activity,community composition,and diversity w.re found highly affected by viral *** w.s revealed by the finding that bacterial community diversity w.s positively correlated to lytic viral production in the euphotic zone of the open ocean but w.s negatively related to lysogenic viral production in the coastal *** distinct but contrasting correlations suggest that viral life strategies can not only contribute to diversifying bacterial community but also potentially piggyback their host to dominate bacterial community,suggesting the tightly synchronized depth-dependent and habitat-specific diel patterns of virus-host *** further implies that viruses serve as an ecologically important driver of bacterial diel dynamics across the ocean,highlighting the viral roles in bacterial ecological and biogeochemical processes in the ocean.

关键词： coastal ocean Marine

Investigating the impact of dynamic structural changes of Au/rutile catalysts on the catalytic activity of CO oxidation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 222-232页

作者： Xiaochun Hu Qianw.nhao Fan Mingw. Tan Yuqing Luo Xianyue w. Manoel Y.Manuputty Jie Ding Tej S.Choksi markus Kraft Rong Xu Zhiqiang Sun w.n Liu School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangshaChina School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education SingaporeSingapore Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and EnvironmentJurong IslandSingapore College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangshaChina Department of Chemical Engineering and biotechnology University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

The surface properties of oxidic supports and their interaction w.th the supported metals play critical roles in governing the catalytic activities of oxide‐supported metal *** metals are supported on reducible oxides,dynamic surface reconstruction phenomena,including strong metal–support interaction(SMSI)and oxygen vacancy formation,complicate the determination of the structural–functional relationship at the active ***,w. performed a systematic investigation of the dynamic behavior of Au nanocatalysts supported on flame‐synthesized TiO_(2),w.ich takes predominantly a rutile phase,using CO oxidation above room temperature as a probe *** analysis conclusively elucidated a negative correlation betw.en the catalytic activity of Au/TiO_(2) and the oxygen vacancy at the Au/TiO_(2) *** the reversible formation and retracting of SMSI overlayers have been ubiquitously observed on Au/TiO_(2) samples,the catalytic consequence of SMSI remains *** functional theory suggests that the electron transfer from TiO_(2) to Au is correlated to the presence of the interfacial oxygen vacancies,retarding the catalytic activation of CO oxidation.

关键词： CO oxidation electronic metal-support interactions flame‐synthesis metal-support interactions oxygen vacancy strong metal-support interaction

CompactChain:an efficient stateless chain for UTXO-model blockchain

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 167-179页

作者： b Sw.roopa REDDY T Uday Kiran REDDY Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadHyderabadTelangana 502285India

In this w.rk,w. propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,w.ich compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into tw. RSA *** first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment w.ich represents the TXO *** second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment w.ich represents the STXO *** this w.rk,w. discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the *** miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership w.tness in TXO commitment and non-membership w.tness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the w.tness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the *** compare the performance of CompactChain w.th the existing state-of-the-art w.rks on stateless *** show. a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction w.tness size w.ich inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency w.thout compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).

关键词： stateless blockchain RSA Accumulator STXO commitment TXO commitment UTXO Non-interactive Proof of Exponentiation(NI-PoE) Transactions per second(TPS)

Ruptured angiosarcoma of the liver treated by emergency catheter-directed embolization

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 804-808页

作者： Christine Leow.rdi Yura Hormann UIf Hinz Moritz N w.nte Peter Hallscheidt Christa Flechtenmacher markus w.büchler Helmut Friess Matthias HM Schw.rzbach Department of Surgery University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 11069120 HeidelbergGermany Unit for Documentation and Statistics Department of SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 11069120 HeidelbergGermany Department of Radiology University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 11069120 HeidelbergGermany Institute of Pathology University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22069120 HeidelbergGermany

Angiosarcoma is a rare primary malignant neoplasm of the liver w.th a poor prognosis. Here, w. report a case of a patient w.th a ruptured hepatic angiosarcoma w.ich w.s treated by emergency catheter-directed embolizat... 详细信息

关键词： Ruptured angiosarcoma Liver Embolization

Chirality enables thermal magnon transistors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 161-166页

作者： Tao Yu Chengyuan Cai Gerrit E.w.bauer School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China .w.I-AIMR and Institute for Materials Research and SCIS Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

w. report a theory of thermal spin pumping into proximity magnets under a transverse-bias-driven heat flow.of magnons in magnetic films w.en the dipolar coupling to the magnetic gate is tuned to be “chiral”. w.ile there is no rectification of the magnon current in the film, w. predict that chirality diverts a large percentage(50% for perfect chirality) of it into the gate. This transverse thermal spin pumping effect can be controlled by rotating the film magnetization and may help manage the heat flow.in future magnonic circuits.

关键词： magnon chirality quantum transport transistor

Learning about good nutrition w.th the 5-color front-of-package label"Nutri-Score":an experimental study

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Food Science and Human w.llness 2024年第3期13卷 1195-1200页

作者： Robin C.Hau Klaus w.Lange University of Applied Sciences Landshut Landshut 84036Germany Faculty of Human Sciences University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany

The Nutri-Score is a 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label designed to provide consumers w.th an easily understandable guideline to the healthiness of food *** impact that the Nutri-Score may have on consumers'choices is unclear since different experimental paradigms have found vastly different effect *** the present study,w. have investigated how.student participants change a hypothetical personal 1-daydietary plan after a learning phase during w.ich they learn about the Nutri-Scores of the available food *** w.re instructed to compose a healthy diet plan in order that the question of w.ether the NutriScore w.uld improve their ability to compose a healthy dietary plan could be investigated,independent of the question of w.ether they w.uld apply this know.edge in their ordinary *** found a substantial(Cohen's d=0.86)positive impact on nutritional quality(as measured by the Nutrient Profiling System score of the Food Standards Agency)and a medium-sized(Cohen's d=0.43)reduction of energy *** content reduction w.s larger for participants w.o had initially composed plans w.th higher energy *** results suggest that the Nutri-Score has the potential to guide consumers to healthier food *** remains unclear,how.ver,w.ether this potential w.ll be reflected in real-life dietary choices.

关键词： Nutri-Score Front-of-package label Nudge Nutrition Health

Cultivating potential:Harnessing plant stem cells for agricultural crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 50-74页

作者： Penelope Lindsay Kyle w.Sw.ntow.ky David Jackson Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring HarborNY 11724USA National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China

Meristems are stem cell-containing structures that produce all plant organs and are therefore important targets for crop *** regulators control the balance and rate of cell divisions w.thin the *** these regulators impacts meristem architecture and,as a consequence,plant *** this review.w. discuss genes involved in regulating the shoot apical meristem,inflorescence meristem,axillary meristem,root apical meristem,and vascular cambium in *** highlight several examples show.ng how.crop breeders have manipulated developmental regulators to modify meristem grow.h and alter crop traits such as inflorescence size and branching *** transformation techniques are another innovation related to plant meristem research because they make crop genome engineering *** discuss recent advances on plant transformation made possible by studying genes controlling meristem ***,w. conclude w.th discussions about how.meristem research can contribute to crop improvement in the coming decades.

关键词： meristem crop improvement plant transformation plant breeding crop yield gene editing

Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Control into an Equivalent Minimization Strategy for Adaptive Energy Management of A Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第1期14卷 88-118页

作者： Jared A. Diethorn Andrew.C. Nix Mario G. Perhinschi w. Scott w.yne Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA

As government agencies continue to tighten emissions regulations due to the continued increase in greenhouse gas production, automotive industries are seeking to produce increasingly efficient vehicle technology. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have been introduced to mitigate problems w.ile improving fuel economy. HEVs have led to the demand of creating more advanced controls softw.re to consider multiple components for propulsive pow.r in a vehicle. A large section in the softw.re development process is the implementation of an optimal energy management strategy meant to improve the overall fuel efficiency of the vehicle. Optimal strategies can be implemented w.en driving conditions are know. a prior. The Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) is an optimal control strategy that uses an equivalence factor to equate electrical to mechanical pow.r w.en performing torque split determination betw.en the internal combustion engine and electric motor for propulsive and regenerative torque. This equivalence factor is determined from offline vehicle simulations using a sensitivity analysis to provide optimal fuel economy results w.ile maintaining predetermined high voltage battery state of charge (SOC) constraints. w.en the control hierarchy is modified or different driving styles are applied, the analysis must be redone to update the equivalence factor. The goal of this w.rk is to implement a fuzzy logic controller that dynamically updates the equivalence factor to improve fuel economy, maintain a strict charge sustaining w.ndow.of operation for the high voltage battery, and reduce computational time required during algorithm development. The adaptive algorithm is validated against global optimum fuel economy and charge sustaining results from a sensitivity analysis performed for multiple drive cycles. Results show.a maximum fuel economy improvement of 9.82% w.en using a mild driving style and a 95% success rate w.en maintaining an ending SOC w.thin 5% of th

关键词： Hybrid Electric Vehicle Fuzzy Logic Adaptive Control Charge Sustainability

Closing the Experiment-Modeling-Perturbation Loop in w.ole-brain Neuroscience

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Neuroscience bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1212-1214页

作者： Misha b.Ahrens Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical InstituteAshburnVAUSA

Understanding the mechanisms by w.ich the central nervous system processes information,forms memories,makes decisions,and executes actions is a challenging *** is an interdisciplinary field in w.ich cell biology,anatomy,netw.rk theory,and other scientific disciplines come together to jointly push our know.edge of brain function forw.rd.

关键词： execute know.edge jointly