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Small and simple:next-generation miniaturized diffraction-based spectrometer with computational reconstruction algorithms

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1008-1011页

作者： markus Suta Inorganic Photoactive Materials Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

An ultra-simple and miniaturized spectrometer using an arbitrarily shaped pinhole as diffraction element reconstructs a broadband spectrum from the information of diffraction of monochromatic radiation by clever computational reconstruction *** circumvents complex calibration procedures and paves the way to cost-effective on-chip spectrometers combining fast acquisition without significant loss in spectral resolution.

关键词： arbitrarily shaped element

Embracing substrate multispecificity in plant ABC transporters

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 990-992页

作者： markus M.Geisler Department of Biology University of Fribourg1700 FribourgSwitzerland

By analogy,the first plant ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters were identified as vacuolar detoxifiers transporting glutathione conjugates into the vacuole(Martinoia et al.,1993).This somewhat negative image as"unspecific detoxifiers"still clings to plant ABC transporters today,although they have since been described to be involved in completely different programs,including development and defense(Park et al.,2017).In this context,some key plant ABC transporters have been shown to own exceptionally high substrate *** example,the transporter of the native auxin indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),Arabidopsis ABCB1,has been shown to also export the synthetic auxin 1-naphtaleneacetic acid but is even able to distinguish this substrate from its structural isomer,2-naphtaleneacetic acid(Geisler et al.,2005).Likewise,ABCG36 and ABCG37,which are known to have a broader substrate portfolio(Park et al.,2017;Aryal et al.,2023),export IBA but do not touch IAA(Aryal et al.,2023).Recently,several reports have challenged our current view on the reported high substrate specificity of plant ABCs,which requires clarification.

关键词： specificity analogy exceptional

Two hits are better than one:rational dual strategy efficiently fights neuroblastoma

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1802-1804页

作者： Jacques Zimmer Camille Rolin markus Ollert Department of Infection and Immunity Luxembourg Institute of HealthEsch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg University of Luxembourg Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis(ORCA)University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

The recently published landmark paper by Bergaggio et *** Roberto Chiarle’s group in Cancer Cell1 investigates an elegant double-hit strategy to improve anti-cancer *** important approach demonstrates in a preclinical model that chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell treatment can be rendered more efficient by increasing the cell surface expression of the CAR target structure via a small molecule.

关键词： neuroblastoma Cancer

Linking IL-10 signaling with lipid metabolic programs in macrophages:dysregulated ceramide homeostasis drives colitis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2835-2836页

作者： Imke Atreya markus F.Neurath Department of Medicine 1 University Hospital of ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) ErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,York and coworkers identified the immunometabolic regulation of mono-unsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)pools and the subsequent increase in sphingolipid biosynthesis in TLR2-activated macrophages as an important link between impaired IL-10 signaling and the development of intestinal inflammation.1 Thus,targeted interference with the newly identified IL-10/MUFA/sphingolipid axis appears as a promising strategy to restore immunometabolic homeostasis in the intestine of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).

关键词： homeostasis impaired intestine

Controlling the reaction network of Ni/silica derived conversion of bio-oil surrogate guaiacol

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第1期7卷 39-60页

作者： Nils Kretzschmar Oliver Busse markus Seifert Technische Universität Dresden Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry01062 DresdenGermany

Replacing fossil carbon sources with green bio-oils is a promising route to switch to a sustainable chemical industry,although their high oxygen contents are *** hydrodeoxygenation is a favored route to upgrade bio-oils to renewable fuels and basic *** this work,we investigated Ni/SiO2 catalysts with differing metal dispersity in continuous mode conversion of guaiacol with a statistical experimental design for 250℃to 400℃,2 h up to 5 h time on stream(ToS)and subsequently different residence time besides other *** low temperature(250℃)promotes cyclohexanol formation from guaiacol,high temperature(400℃)inhibits hydrogenation,leading to phenol and *** medium temperature(340℃),the selectivity for cyclohexanone *** and cyclohexanone(KA-oil)are the industrial basis for polyamide ***,we clarified the role of 2-methoxycyclohexanol(2MC)in the reaction network towards KA-oil for continuous-mode *** analysis was used to predict and optimize product selectivity and yield,leading to the best yield of cyclohexanone/-ol at 327.5℃,low ToS,medium residence time,high particle dispersity,and medium hydrogen pressure(15 bar(g)).

关键词： Hydrodeoxygenation Design of experiments Bio-oil Nickel silica catalyst Continuous mode flow reactor KA-oil Cyclohexanol Cyclohexanone

Semi-analytical calculation model for friction of polymers on the example of POM|PE-UHMW and steel|PE-UHMW

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2355-2369页

作者： André BERGMANN Jens SUMPF Niels DALLINGER Martin MONEKE markus GOLDER Professorship of Conveying Engineering and Materials Handling Chemnitz University of TechnologySachsen 09126Germany Institute of Plastics Engineering Darmstadt University of Applied SciencesDarmstadt 64295Germany

In this paper,a semi-analytical calculation model for the coefficient of friction(COF)of single spherical protrusions is *** allows the prediction of the deformative friction part(μ_(def))and adhesive friction part(μ_(def))of the friction pairings steel|polyethylene with ultra-high molecular weight(PE-UHMW)and polyoxymethylene(POM)|*** experimental studies included unlubricated friction tests,which served to determine the total COF(μ_(def)),as well as tests being lubricated with silicone oil,from whichμ_(def)is *** on the verification tests,it could be shown that both states of lubrication result in the same deformation and that the relationship between the rear angle(w)andμ_(def)postulated in the calculation model is ***,friction tests with segmented spheres were carried out,which allow a specific variation of *** can be concluded that for both pairings theμ_(def)is generally of minor significance(approx.1/3μ_(tot))and the influence of theμ_(adh)predominates(approx.2/3μ_(tot))the friction *** themtot decreases with increasing contact pressure especially in the low pressure range and depends on the form of motion(continuous and discontinuous).

关键词： tribology friction polymers model contact polyoxymethylene(POM) polyethylene with ultra-high molecular weight(PE-UHMW)

Dynamic control of district heating networks with integrated emission modelling:A dynamic knowledge graph approach

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 29-47页

作者： markus Hofmeister Kok Foong Lee Yi-Kai Tsai Magnus Müller Karthik Nagarajan Sebastian Mosbach Jethro Akroyd markus Kraft Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB30ASUnited Kingdom Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore CARES Ltd.1 Create WayCREATE Tower#05-05138602Singapore CMCL Innovations Sheraton HouseCambridgeCB30AXUnited Kingdom The Alan Turing Institute 96 Euston RoadLondonNW12DBUnited Kingdom

This paper presents a knowledge graph-based approach for the dynamic control of a district heating network with integrated emission dispersion modelling. We propose an interoperable and extensible implementation to forecast the anticipated heat demand of a municipal heating network, minimise associated total generation cost based on a previously devised methodology, and couple it with dispersion simulations for induced airborne pollutants to provide automatic insights into air quality implications of various heat sourcing strategies. We create cross-domain interoperability in the nexus of energy and air quality via newly developed ontologies and semantic software agents, which can be chained together via The World Avatar dynamic knowledge graph to resemble the behaviour of complex systems. Furthermore, we integrate the City Energy Analyst into this ecosystem to provide building-level insights into energy demand and renewable generation potential to foster strategic analyses and scenario planning. Underlying calculations use building and weather data from the knowledge graph in place of inherent assumptions in the official software release, facilitating a more data-driven approach. All use cases are implemented for a mid-size town in Germany as a proof-of-concept, and a unified visualisation interface is provided, allowing for the examination of 3D buildings alongside their corresponding energy demand and supply time series, as well as emission dispersion data. With this work, we outline the potential of Semantic Web technologies to connect digital twins for holistic energy modelling in smart cities, thereby addressing the increasing complexity of interconnected energy systems.

关键词： Knowledge graph Digital twin Inter operability Energy modelling Emi ssion dispersi on

Experimental investigation of stress unloading effects on rock damage and confining pressure-dependent crack initiation stress of porous sandstone under true triaxial stress environments

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin

Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2024年第2期3卷 78-86页

作者： Qingsheng Bai Max Friedel heinz Konietzky Geotechnical Institute TU Bergakademie FreibergGustav-Zeuner-Straße 109599 FreibergGermany

This study investigates the impact of intermediate(σ_(2))and minimum(σ_(3))principal stress unloading on damage behavior and the confining pressure influence on crack initiation stress(σci)in true triaxial stress conditions,utilizing large-scale cubic *** distinct true triaxial tests were executed,examining the effects of confining stress(σ_(2)andσ_(3))unloading on porous sandstone damage and the correlation between confining stress andσ*** emission(AE)parameters,signal characteristics,and wave velocity variations were utilized to elucidate cracking mechanisms and damage development in the *** tests reveal consistent ve-locities in three orthogonal directions(V_(11),V_(22),and V_(33))during the initial two unloading *** the subse-quent three stages,confining stress unloading leads to a decrease in wave velocity in the corresponding direction,while velocities in the other two directions remain nearly ***,σ_(2)unloading generates higher amplitude AE signals compared toσ_(3)unloading,with over 70%of the micro-cracks categorized as *** the incremental loading tests,σ_(ci) is found to be contingent on confining pressure,withσ_(2)playing a crucial ***σ_(1) loading,V_(33) decreases,indicating additional crack formation;conversely,σ_(3)loading results in V33 increase,signifying the continuous closure of existing *** of the experiments are summarized and prospects in this domain are outlined.

关键词： Stress unloading Damage behavior True triaxial stress environments Wave velocity Crack initiation stress

MAVEN observation of magnetosonic waves in the Martian magnetotail region

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 317-325页

作者： ShangChun Teng JiCheng Sun JiaWei Gao Y.Harada markus Fraenz DeSheng Han State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Geophysics Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research GoettingenGermany

Magnetosonic waves are an important medium for energy transfer in collisionless space *** waves have been widely investigated in the upstream of the bow shock at *** waves are believed to originate from pickup ions or reflected *** utilizing MAVEN spacecraft data,we have observed the occurrence of quasi-perpendicularly propagating magnetosonic emissions near the proton gyrofrequency in the Martian magnetotail *** plasma waves are associated with a significant enhancement of proton and oxygen *** excited magnetosonic waves could possibly heat the protons through resonance and facilitate the ionospheric plasma *** results could be helpful to better understand the Mars’magnetospheric dynamics and offer insights into possible energy redistribution between waves and plasma in the Martian nightside magnetosphere.

关键词： Martian magnetotail region magnetosonic waves proton escape