检索结果-南通市图书馆

Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in chronic hepatitis C

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

world Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第35期15卷 4356-4364页

作者： mark w Douglas Jacob George Storr Liver Unit Westmead Millennium InstituteUniversity of Sydney at Westmead Hospita

It is now widely recognized that chronic hepatitis C (CHC)is associated with insulin resistance(IR)and type 2 diabetes,so can be considered a metabolic *** is most strongly associated with hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotype 1,in contrast to hepatic steatosis, which is associated with genotype 3 *** from the well-described complications of diabetes,IR in CHC predicts faster progression to fibrosis and cirrhosis that may culminate in liver failure and hepatocellular *** recently,it has been recognized that IR in CHC predicts a poor response to antiviral therapy. The molecular mechanisms for the association between IR and HCV infection are not well *** review will elaborate on the clinical associations between CHC and IR and summarize current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms that potentially mediate HCV-associated IR.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Insulin resistance Treatment response Interferon

Fuel and vegetation changes in southwestern, unburned portions of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA, 2003-2019

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1459-1470页

作者： T.Adam Coates w.mark Ford Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA U.S.Geological Survey Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitDepartment of Fisheries and Wildlife ConservationVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Overstory basal area,ericaceous shrub cover(Kalmia latifolia *** Rhododendron maximum L.),and fuels(i.e.,woody fuel loads and depths and O Horizon thickness) were assessed within Great Smoky Mountains National Park,USA,in *** to recent wildfire activity within the southern Appalachian Mountain region(including Great Smoky Mountains National Park),the potential spread and expansion of ericaceous shrubs,and the impacts of the hemlock woolly adelgid(Adelges tsugae Annand) on eastern hemlock(Tsuga canadensis(L.) Carrière),these same ecosystem components were again assessed in *** and moisture regime(xeric,intermediate,and mesic) were included in this assessment as potential influential *** evaluation of repeated measurements from 40 plots suggested that O Horizon thickness did not change significantly over the 16-year period,but increased as elevation increased,and moisture regime(xeric O Horizon thickness> mesic O Horizon thickness) was a significant,related *** sum of 1-,10-,and 100-h fuel loads(fuels less whereas woody fuel depth decreased over the16-year *** significant changes in 1000-h fuel lo ads(>7.6 cm diameter),total woody fuel loads,ericaceous shrub cover,total basal area,or live *** basal area were *** *** basal area decreased with increasing ***,standing *** basal area increased from 2003-2019,and that increase was most pronounced as elevation increased on xeric and intermediate ***,we found that:*** increases in total woody fuel loads and ericaceous shrub cover were not present;and *** and moisture regime were most related to observed changes in vegetation and fuel condition.

关键词： Eastern hemlock Hemlock woolly adelgid Mountain laurel Rhododendron

Repeated hydrogen peroxide dosing briefly reduces cyanobacterial blooms and microcystin while increasing fecal bacteria indicators in a eutrophic pond

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 522-543页

作者： mark w.Lusty Christopher J.Gobler School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversitySouthamptonNY 11968USA

This study explored the effects of H_(2)O_(2)on Cyanobacteria and non-target microbes using fluorometry,microscopy,flow cytometry,and high throughput DNA sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene during a series of mesocosm and whole-ecosystem experiments in a eutrophic pond in NY,*** addition of H_(2)O_(2)(8 mg/L)significantly reduced Cyanobacteria concentrations during a majority of experiments(66%;6 of 9)and significantly increased eukaryotic green and unicellular brown algae in 78%and 45%of experiments,*** heterotrophic bacteria declined significantly following H_(2)O_(2)addition in all experiments,bacteria indicative of potential fecal contamination(Escherichia coli,Enterococcus,fecal coliform bacteria)consistently and significantly increased in response to H_(2)O_(2),evidencing a form of‘pollution swapping’.H_(2)O_(2)more effectively reduced Cyanobacteria in enclosed mesocosms compared to whole-ecosystem *** whole-pond H_(2)O_(2)applications over a twoyear period temporarily reduced cyanobacterial levels but never reduced concentrations below bloom thresholds and populations always rebounded in two weeks or *** bacterial phyla of Cyanobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Planctomycetes were the most negatively impacted by H_(2)O_(2).Microcystis was always reduced by H_(2)O_(2),as was the toxin microcystin,but Microcystis remained dominant even after repeated H_(2)O_(2)*** H_(2)O_(2)favored the growth of eukaryotic algae over potentially harmful Cyanobacteria,the inability of H_(2)O_(2)to end cyanobacterial blooms in this eutrophic waterbody suggests it is a non-ideal mitigation approach in high biomass ecosystems and should be used judiciously due to potential negative impacts on non-target organisms and promotion of bacteria indicative of fecal contamination.

关键词： Indicator bacteria Toxic cyanobacteria Microcystin Microcystis Hydrogen peroxide Bacteria Enterococcus E.coli Pollution swapping

Cooperative visibility maintenance in SE（3） for multi-robot-networks with limited field-of-view sensors

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Control Theory and Technology 2017年第4期15卷 246-257页

作者： Hasan A. Poonawala mark w. Spong Institute for Computational Engineering & Sciences University of Texas Austin U.S.A. Erik Jonsson School of Engineering & Computer Science University of Texas at Dallas Richardson U.S.A.

Coordination of motion between multiple robots requires the robots to sense their relative poses. Common sensors depend on maintaining a line-of-sight between the sensor and the object being sensed. when the robots move relative to one another, they must coordinate their motions to ensure that these lines-of-sight are preserved. we propose a control method to preserve desired lines-of-sight in a multi-robot system where each robot has configuration space SE（3）. A key feature of the control method is its ability to reject persistent bounded disturbances, enabling its use alongside additional control tasks. we demonstrate the effectiveness of the edge-preserving control in simulations involving additional input velocities that tend to break the edges.

关键词： Multi-robot coordination decentralized control graph theoretic control

Noninvasive prognostic models,imaging,and elastography to predict clinical events in primary sclerosing cholangitis:A review

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

world Journal of Hepatology 2023年第9期15卷 1013-1020页

作者： mark w Russo Division of Hepatology Atrium Health Wake ForestCharlotteNC 28204United States

Surrogate endpoints are needed to estimate clinical outcomes in primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).Serum alkaline phosphatase was among the first markers studied,but there is substantial variability in alkaline phosphatase levels during the natural history of PSC without *** Mayo risk score incorporates noninvasive variables and has served as a surrogate endpoint for survival for more than two *** models have better test performance than the Mayo risk score,including the primary sclerosing risk estimate tool(PREsTo)model and UK-PSC score that estimate hepatic decompensation and transplant free survival,*** c-statistics for transplant-free survival for the Mayo risk model and the long-term UK-PSC model are 0.68 and 0.85,*** c-statistics for hepatic decompensation for the Mayo risk model and PREsTo model are 0.85 and 0.90,*** Amsterdam-Oxford model included patients with large duct and small duct PSC and patients with PSCautoimmune hepatitis overlap and had a c-statistic of 0.68 for transplant-free *** noninvasive tests that warrant further validation include magnetic resonance imaging,elastography and the enhanced liver fibrosis *** models,noninvasive tests or a combination of these surrogate endpoints may not only serve to be useful in clinical trials of investigational agents,but also serve to inform our patients about their prognosis.

关键词： Cholestatic Survival Mortality Predict Cirrhosis Decompensation

Liver immunology and its role in inflammation and homeostasis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第3期13卷 267-276页

作者： mark w Robinson Cathal Harmon Cliona O'Farrelly School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin D2 Ireland School of Medicine TrinityBiomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin D2 Ireland

The human liver is usually perceived as a non-immunological organ engaged primarily in metabolic, nutrient storage and detoxification activities. However, we now know that the healthy liver is also a site of complex immunological activity mediated by a diverse immune cell repertoire as well as non-hematopoietic cell populations. In the nondiseased liver, metabolic and tissue remodeling functions require elements of inflammation. This inflammation, in combination with regular exposure to dietary and microbial products, creates the potential for excessive immune activation. In this complex microenvironment, the hepatic immune system tolerates harmless molecules while at the same time remaining alert to possible infectious agents, malignant cells or tissue damage. Upon appropriate immune activation to challenge by pathogens or tissue damage, mechanisms to resolve inflammation are essential to maintain liver homeostasis. Failure to clear ＇dangerous＇ stimuli or regulate appropriately activated immune mechanisms leads to pathological inflammation and disrupted tissue homeostasis characterized by the progressive development of fibrosis, cirrhosis and eventual liver failure. Hepatic inflammatory mechanisms therefore have a spectrum of roles in the healthy adult liver; they are essential to maintain tissue and organ homeostasis and, when dysregulated, are key drivers of the liver pathology associated with chronic infection, autoimmunity and malignancy. In this review, we explore the changing perception of inflammation and inflammatory mediators in normal liver homeostasis and propose targeting of liver-specific immune regulation pathways as a therapeutic approach to treat liver disease.

关键词： homeostasis immunology inflammation liver tolerance

Predicting intensity of white-tailed deer herbivory in the Central Appalachian Mountains

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 830-839页

作者： Andrew B.Kniowski w.mark Ford Department of Fish and wildlife Conservation Virginia Tech U.S. Geological Survey Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Virginia Tech

In eastern North America, white-tailed deer(Odocoileus virginianus) can have profound influences on forest biodiversity and forest successional *** to high deer populations in the central Appalachians have resulted in lower forest *** effects in some areas persist even following deer population reductions or declines. This has prompted managers to consider deer population management goals in light of policies designed to support conservation of biodiversity and forest regeneration while continuing to support ample recreational hunting opportunities. However,despite known relationships between herbivory intensity and biodiversity impact, little information exists on the predictability of herbivory intensity across the varied and spatially diverse habitat conditions of the central Appalachians. we examined the predictability of browsing rates across central Appalachian landscapes at four environmental scales: vegetative community characteristics, physical environment, habitat configuration, and local human and deer population demographics. In an information-theoretic approach, we found that a model fitting the number of stems browsed relative to local vegetation characteristics received most(62%) of the overall support of all tested models assessing herbivory impact. Our data suggest that deer herbivory responded most predictably to differences in vegetation quantity and type. No other spatial factors or demographic factors consistently affected browsing intensity. Because herbivory, vegetation communities, and productivity vary spatially, we suggest that effective broad-scale herbivory impact assessment should include spatially-balanced vegetation monitoring that accounts for regional differences in deer forage *** monitoring is necessary to avoid biodiversity impacts and deleterious changes in vegetation community composition that are difficult to reverse and/or may not be detected using traditional deer-density based

关键词： Biodiversity Central Appalachian Mountains Herbivory Odocoileus virginianus Predicting browsing intensity white-tailed deer

CFD aided investigation of single droplet coalescence

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第2期24卷 249-252页

作者： Felix Gebauer mark w.Hlawitschka Hans-Jorg Bart Chair of Separation Science and Technology University of KaiserslauternKaiserslautern 67653Germany Center for Computational and Mathematical Modelling(CIVY) University of KaiserslauternKaisersloutern 67653Germany

This article describes the development of a coalescence model using various CFD work packages,and is validated using as toluene water model *** studies were performed to describe droplet interactions in liquid–liquid test *** models use adjustable parameters to describe these *** research in the past decades led to different correlations to model coalescence and breakage depending on the chemical system and the apparatus *** the complexity of droplet coalescence requires a detailed investigation of local phenomena during the droplet *** fluid dynamics(CFD) studies of single droplet interactions were performed and validated with experimental results to improve the understanding of the local hydrodynamics and film drainage during *** CFD simulations were performed for the interaction of two differently sized droplets at industrial relevant impact *** experimental verification and validation of the numerical results were done with standardized high-speed imaging studies by using a special test cell with a pendant and a free rising *** experimental based algorithm was implemented in the open source code OpenF OAM to account for the contact time and the dimple *** standard European Federation of Chemical Engineering(EFCE) test system toluene/water was used for the numerical studies and the experimental investigations as *** results of the CFD simulations are in good accordance with the observed coalescence behavior in the experimental *** addition,a detailed description of local phenomena,like film rupture,velocity gradients,pressures and micro-droplet entrainment could be obtained.

关键词： CFD Parameter estimation Coalescence Film drainage

Inflammatory processes in the liver: divergent roles in homeostasis and pathology

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1375-1386页

作者： Ola Ahmed mark w.Robinson Cliona O’Farrelly School of Medicine Trinity College DublinDublinIreland Department of Biology Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health ResearchMaynooth UniversityMaynoothIreland School of Biochemistry&Immunology Trinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland

The hepatic immune system is designed to tolerate diverse harmless foreign moieties to maintain homeostasis in the healthy *** priming and regulation ensure that appropriate immune activation occurs when challenged by pathogens and tissue *** to accurately discriminate,regulate,or effectively resolve inflammation offsets this balance,jeopardizing overall tissue health resulting from an either overly tolerant or an overactive inflammatory *** scientific and clinical evidence links dysregulated hepatic immune and inflammatory responses upon sterile injury to several pathological conditions in the liver,particularly nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and ischemia-reperfusion *** and human studies have described interactions between diverse immune repertoires and nonhematopoietic cell populations in both physiological and pathological activities in the liver,although the molecular mechanisms driving these associations are not clearly ***,we review the dynamic roles of inflammatory mediators in responses to sterile injury in the context of homeostasis and disease,the clinical implications of dysregulated hepatic immune activity and therapeutic developments to regulate liver-specific immunity.

关键词： homeostasis immunology inflammation liver