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Glucagon receptor gene mutations with hyperglucagonemia but without the glucagonoma syndrome

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2015年第4期7卷 60-66页

作者： Helen C Miller mark Kidd Irvin M Modlin Patrizia Cohen Roberto Dina Panagiotis Drymousis Panagiotis vlavianos Günter Klöppel Andrea Frilling Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College LondonLondon W12 0HSUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06510United States Emeritus Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of Histopathology Imperial College LondonLondon W12 0HSUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology Imperial College LondonLondon W12 0HSUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Technical University of Munich81675 MunichGermany

Pancreatic neoplasms producing exclusively glucagon associated with glucagon cell hyperplasia of the islets and not related to hereditary endocrine syndromes have been recently described. They represent a novel entity within the panel of non-syndromic disorders associated with hyperglucagonemia. This case report describes a 36-year-old female with a 10 years history of nonspecific abdominal pain. No underlying cause was evident despite extensive diagnostic work-up. More recently she was diagnosed with gall bladder stones. Abdominal ultrasound, computerised tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed no pathologic findings apart from cholelithiasis. Endoscopic ultrasound revealed a 5.5 mm pancreatic lesion. Fine needle aspiration showed cells focally expressing chromogranin, suggestive but not diagnostic of a low grade neuroendocrine tumor. Octreo Scan was negative. Serum glucagon was elevated to 66 pmol/l(normal: 0-50 pmol/l). Other gut hormones, chromogranin A and chromogranin B were normal. Cholecystectomy and enucleation of the pancreatic lesion were undertaken. Postoperatively, abdominal symptoms resolved and serum glucagon dropped to 7 pmol/l. Although H and E staining confirmed normal pancreatic tissue, immunohistochemistry was initially thought to be suggestive of alpha cell hyperplasia. A count of glucagon positive cells from 5 islets, compared to 5 islets from 5 normal pancreata indicated that islet size and glucagon cell ratios were increased, however still within the wide range of normal physiological findings. Glucagon receptor gene(GCGR) sequencing revealed a heterozygous deletion,K349_G359del and 4 missense mutations. This case may potentially represent a progenitor stage of glucagon cell adenomatosis with hyperglucagonemia in the absence of glucagonoma syndrome. The identification of novel GCGR mutations suggests that these may represent the underlying cause of this condition.

关键词： Hyperglucagonemia Glucagon receptorgene Mutation Adenomatosis Pancreas

Relationships of hospitalization outcomes and timing to endoscopy in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:A nationwide analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第4期15卷 285-296页

作者： Simcha Weissman Muhammad Aziz Ayrton I Bangolo Dean Ehrlich Arnold Forlemu Anthony Willie Manesh K Gangwani Danish Waqar Hannah Terefe Amritpal Singh Diego MC Gonzalez Jayadev Sajja Fatma l Emiroglu Nicholas Dinko Ahmed Mohamed mark A Fallorina David Kosoy Ankita Shenoy Anvit Nanavati Joseph D Feuerstein James H Tabibian Department of Internal Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Gastroenterology University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States Division of Digestive Diseases David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Internal Medicine Creighton University School of MedicinePhoenixAZ 85012United States Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-University of California at Los Angeles Medical CenterSylmarCA 91342United States

BACKGROUND The optimal timing of esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)and the impact of clinico-demographic factors on hospitalization outcomes in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(NvUGIB)remains an area of active *** To identify independent predictors of outcomes in patients with NvUGIB,with a particular focus on EGD timing,anticoagulation(AC)status,and demographic *** A retrospective analysis of adult patients with NvUGIB from 2009 to 2014 was performed using validated ICD-9 codes from the National Inpatient Sample *** were stratified by EGD timing relative to hospital admission(≤24 h,24-48 h,48-72 h,and>72 h)and then by AC status(yes/no).The primary outcome was all-cause inpatient *** outcomes included healthcare *** Of the 1082516 patients admitted for NvUGIB,553186(51.1%)underwent *** mean time to EGD was 52.8 ***(ly decreased mortality,less frequent intensive care unit admission,shorter length of hospital stays,lower hospital costs,and an increased likelihood of discharge to home(all with Plity among patients who underwent early EGD(aOR 0.88,P=0.193).Male sex(OR 1.30)and Hispanic(OR 1.10)or Asian(aOR 1.38)race were also independent predictors of adverse hospitalization outcomes in *** Based on this large,nationwide study,early EGD in NvUGIB is associated with lower mortality and decreased healthcare usage,irrespective of AC *** findings may help guide clinical management and would benefit from prospective validation.

关键词： Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Outcomes Mortality Anticoagulation

Alanine aminotransferase is an inadequate surrogate marker for detecting lamivudine resistance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第37期16卷 4691-4696页

作者： lee Guan lim Myat Oo Aung Bee leng Seet Cindy Tan Yock Young Dan Yin Mei lee Dede Selamat Sutedja mark Fernandes Guan Huei lee Evelyn Koay Seng Gee lim Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National University Health System Yong Yoo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Department of Medicine National University Health System Yong Yoo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Molecular Diagnostic Centre National University Health System Yong Yoo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Investigative Medicine Unit National University Health System Yong Yoo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore

AIM: To investigate the accuracy of serum alanine aminotransferase (AlT) in diagnosing lamivudine resistance and factors that contributed to abnormal serum ***: This was a retrospective study of chronic hepatitis B patients on lamivudine therapy who were followed for 3-mo with liver function tests and hepatitis B virus (HBv) DNA measurement. lamivudine resistance was defined as HBv DNA ≥ 1 log from nadir on at least 2 occasions, confirmed by genotyping. Serum AlT levels in patients with lamivudine resistance were compared to serum AlT levels in those without lamivudine resistance. RESUlTS: There were 111 patients with and 117 without lamivudine resistance. The area under the receiver operating characteristic of serum AlT to diagnose lamivudine resistance was 0.645 ± 0.037. Serum AlT > 42.5 U/l gave the best diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity = 61%, specificity = 60%, positive predictive value = 60%, negative predictive value = 61%, positive likelihood ratio = 1.53 and negative likelihood ratio = 0.65 for predicting lamivudine resistance, missing 39% of resistant patients. Using other serum AlT cutoffs, diagnostic accuracy was lower. By multivariate analysis, baseline abnormal serum AlT was associated with abnormal AlT during resistance (OR = 5.98, P = 0.003), and males were associated with serum AlT flares during resistance (OR = 8.9, P = 0.016). CONClUSION: Serum AlT is inadequate for diagnosing lamivudine resistance and has implications where viral resistance testing is suboptimal and for reimbursement of rescue therapy.

关键词： Antiviral therapy Chronic hepatitis B Sensitivity Specificity YMDD mutants

Mobilizing Crop Biodiversity

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Molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1341-1344页

作者： Susan McCouch Zahra Katy Navabi Michael Abberton Noelle l.Anglin Rosa lia Barbieri Michael Baum Kirstin Bett Helen Booker Gerald l.Brown Glenn J.Bryan luigi Cattivelli David Charest Kellye Eversole Marcelo Freitas Kioumars Ghamkhar Dario Grattipaglia Robert Henry Maria Cleria valadares Inglis Tofazzal Islam Zakaria Kehel Paul J.Kersey Graham J.King Stephen Kresovich Emily Marden Sean Mayes Marie Noelle Ndjiondjiop Henry T.Nguyen Samuel Rezende Paiva Roberto Papa Peter W.B.Phillips Awais Rasheed Christopher Richards Mathieu Flouard Maria Jose Amstalden Sampaio Uwe Scholz Paul D.Shaw Brad Sherman S.Evan Staton Nils Stein Jan Svensson mark Tester Jose Francisco Montenegro valls Rajeev varshney Stephen visscher Eric von Wettberg Robbie Waugh Peter Wenzl loren H.Rieseberg Plant Breeding and Genetics School of Integrated Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA DivSeek Global Institute for Food Security110 Gymnasium PlaceUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 0W9Canada lnternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA) PMB 5320Oyo RdIbadanNigeria International Potato Center(CIP)1895 Avenida la Molina Lima Peru 12Lima 15023Peru Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Parque Estacjao BiologicaFinal Av W5 NorteCaixa Postal 0237270770-917-Brasilia DFBrazil International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(I CAR DA) Station Exp.INRA-Quich.Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui.Agdal.Rabat-Instituts10111RabatMorocco Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan51 Campus Dr.SaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Department of Plant Agriculture University of GuelphRm 316Crop Science Bldg50 Stone Rd EGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Genome Prairie 111 Research DriveSuite 101SaskatoonSKS7N 3R2Canada The James Hutt on Institute Errol RoadInvergowrieDundeeDD25DAUK CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformaticsvia San Protaso 302Fiorenzuola d'Arda29017Italy Genome British Columbia 400-575 West 8th AvenueVancouverBCV5Z 0C4Canada International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium 2841 NE Marywood CtLee's SummitMO.64086USA Forage Science Grasslands Research CentreAgResearchPalmerston North4410New Zealand Queensla nd Alliance for Agriculture and Food Inn ovation University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(IBGE) Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur 1706Bangladesh Southern Cross University PO Box 157LismoreNSW 2480Australia Royal Botanic Gardens KewRichmondSurreyTW93AEUK Feed the Future Innovation lab for Crop Improvement 431 Weill HallCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6R 2A5Canada Crops For the Future(UK)CIC 76-80 Baddow Road ChelmsfordEs

Over the past 70 years,the world has witnessed extraordinary growth in crop productivity,enabled by a suite of technological advances,including higher yielding crop varieties,improved farm management,synthetic agrochemicals,and agricultural *** this"Green Revolution"intensified crop production,and is credited with reducing famine and malnutrition,its benefits were accompanied by several undesirable collateral effects(Pingali,2012).These include a narrowing of agricultural biodiversity,stemming from increased monoculture and greater reliance on a smaller number of crops and crop varieties for the majority of our *** reduction in diversity has created vulnerabilities to pest and disease epidemics,climate variation,and ultimately to human health(Harlan,1972).

关键词： intensified crops agricultural

Tenascin C upregulates interleukin-6 expression in human cardiac myofibroblasts via toll-like receptor 4

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World Journal of Cardiology 2016年第5期8卷 340-350页

作者： Azhar Maqbool Emma J Spary Iain W Manfield Michaela Ruhmann lorena Zuliani-Alvarez Filomena O Gamboa-Esteves Karen E Porter mark J Drinkhill Kim S Midwood Neil A Turner Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Meta-bolic Medicine School of Medicine University of Leeds Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust

AIM:To investigate the effect of Tenascin C(TNC)on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrixmetalloproteinases in human cardiac myofibroblasts(CMF).METHODS:CMF were isolated and cultured from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass *** cells were treated with either TNC(0.1μmol/l,24 h)or a recombinant protein corresponding to different domains of the TNC protein;fibrinogen-like globe(FBG)and fibronectin typeⅢ-like repeats(TNⅢ5-7)(both 1μmol/l,24 h).The expression of the proinflammatory cytokines;interleukin(Il)-6,Il-1β,TNFαand the matrix metalloproteinases;MMPs(MMP1,2,3,9,10,MT1-MMP)was assessed using real time RT-PCR and western blot ***:TNC increased both Il-6 and MMP3(Plevels in cultured human CMF but had no significant effect on the other markers *** increase in Il-6 mR NA expression was mirrored by an increase in protein secretion as assessed by enzymelinked immunosorbant assay(Pl-6mR NA and protein(Pll-like receptor 4(TlR4)in human CMF was confirmed by real time RT-PCR,western blot and ***-incubation of cells with TlR4neutralising antisera attenuated the effect of both TNC and FBG on Il-6 mR NA and protein ***:TNC up-regulates Il-6 expression in human CMF,an effect mediated through the FBG domain of TNC and via the TlR4 receptor.

关键词： Tenascin C Matrix metalloproteinase Tolllike receptor Interleukin-6 Cardiac fibroblasts

Author Correction:Manifold learning of four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1073-1073页

作者： Xin li Ondrej E.Dyck mark P.Oxley Andrew R.lupini leland McInnes John Healy Stephen Jesse Sergei v.Kalinin Oak Ridge National laboratory Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge USA (GRID:grid.135519.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0446 2659) Oak Ridge National laboratory Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials Oak Ridge USA (GRID:grid.135519.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0446 2659) Tutte Institute for Mathematics and Computing Ottawa Canada (GRID:grid.135519.a)

The original version of the published Article had a mistake in the Acknowledgements *** Acknowledgments have been updated to the following:This research was supported by the US Department of Energy,Basic Energy Sciences,Materials Sciences and Engineering Division(M.P.O.,A.R.l.,S.v.K.)and conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences,which is a US DOE Office of Science User Facility(X.l.,O.E.D.,S.J.).*** *** support from Tutte Institute for Mathematics and Computing,Canada.

关键词： section ledgment Manifold

缺血性卒中的一级预防——美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会卒中委员会指南动脉粥样硬化性周围血管病跨学科工作组、心血管护理委员会、临床心脏病学委员会、营养、体力活动和代谢委员会以及医疗质量和转归研究跨学科工作组共同倡导

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国际脑血管病杂志 2006年第8期14卷 572-618页

作者： larry B. Goldstein Robert Adams mark J. Alberts lawrence J. Appel lawrence M. Brass Cheryl D. Bushnell Antonio Culebras Thomas J. DeGraba Philip B. Gorelick John R. Guyton Robert G. Hart George Howard Margaret Kelly-Hayes J.v. (Ian) Nixon Ralph l. Sacco 苏克江高宗恩解放军66393部队医院胜利油田中心医院

背景和目的本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述,并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写... 详细信息

背景和目的本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述,并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾(涵盖时间段为2001年最后一次回顾发表到2005年1月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来概括现有的证据,指明现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出简明的推荐。写作组全体成员在撰写过程中均有很多机会对推荐进行评论并认可这份声明的最终版本。在AHA科学咨询与协调委员会批准之前,本指南已进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒中风险的流程图进行评估。根据干预的可能性(不可干预、可干预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预的危险因素包括年龄、性别、出生体重低、人种/种族和遗传因素。证据充分的可干预危险因素包括高血压、主动或被动吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、缺乏体力活动、肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、脂蛋白相关的磷脂酶升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对应用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行回顾。结论有大量证据可以用于确定增加首次卒中风险的各种特殊因素和提供降低这种风险的策略。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明卒中危险因素一级预防

缺血性卒中的一级预防美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会卒中委员会指南

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中华脑血管病论坛 2006年第1期4卷 67-107页

作者： larry B. Goldstein Robert Adams mark J. Alberts lawrence J. Appel lawrence M. Brass Cheryl D. Bushnell Antonio Culebras Thomas J. DeGraba Philip B. Gorelick John R. Guyton Robert G. Hart George Howard Margaret Kelly-Hayes J.v. （Ian） Nixon Ralph l. Sacco 苏克江（译）高宗恩（译）

背景和目的：本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述，并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法：写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名，并经美国心脏协会（AHA）卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会... 详细信息

背景和目的：本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述，并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法：写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名，并经美国心脏协会（AHA）卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾（涵盖时间段为2001年最后一次回顾发表到2005年1月），参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来概括现有的证据，指明现有知识的差距，如果合适，则根据标准的AHA标准做出简明的推荐。写作组全体成员在撰写过程中均有很多机会对推荐进行评论并认可这份声明的最终版本。在AHA科学咨询与协调委员会批准之前，本指南已进行过广泛的同行评议。结果：对评价个体首次卒中风险的流程图进行评价。根据进行干预的可能性（不可干预、可干预或潜在可干预）和证据的强度（证据充分或证据不太充分）。对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预危险因素包括年龄、性别，出生体重低、人种／种族和遗传因素。证据充分的可干预危险因素包括高血压、主动或被动吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病，绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、缺乏体力活动、肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白（a）升高、脂蛋白相关的磷脂酶升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对应用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行回顾。结论：有大量证据确定增加首次卒中风险的各种特殊因素和提供降低这种风险的策略。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明卒中危险因素一级预防

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经皮腔内射频闭塞术治疗冠状动脉瘘一例

中华心血管病杂志 2004年第10期32卷 936-937页

作者：张陈匀蔡运昌杨天和范寿年易韦吴强蒋清安刘晓桥郑亚西李世英王华义周松文安智 mark Webster Richard C Padgett 贵州省心血管病研究所贵州省人民医院心内科贵阳550002 新西兰奥克兰Green lane医院美国俄勒冈心脏病医院

患者女,66岁,劳力性心绞痛2年,加重1个月,疑诊"冠心病"收治,无冠心病易患因素.体检:血压正常,心脏不大,l3～4闻Ⅱ/vI级舒张期血流杂音、静息心电图正常,运动心电图ST段v 4～6轻度缺血性下移.心脏超声、胸片正常.左室造影左前侧壁节段性... 详细信息

患者女,66岁,劳力性心绞痛2年,加重1个月,疑诊"冠心病"收治,无冠心病易患因素.体检:血压正常,心脏不大,l3～4闻Ⅱ/vI级舒张期血流杂音、静息心电图正常,运动心电图ST段v 4～6轻度缺血性下移.心脏超声、胸片正常.左室造影左前侧壁节段性舒张期膨隆,左室射血分数0.65.选择性冠状动脉造影(CAG)见左主干较短,前降支开口及近端分别可见两条异常分支血管,直径分别是2.0 mm、2.3 mm,向右前上方移行,蜿蜒迂曲,无规则分支,相互盘绕如环状,终末开口段不规则扩张,终端血流呈烟雾状涌入主肺动脉并弥散至左、右肺动脉.前降支中、远段血管分布及管壁正常,管腔较细小,血流充盈延迟(TIMIⅡ级,图1),余冠状动脉无异常.右心导管检查各房室、大血管压力正常,主肺动脉血氧轻度增高(PO2:41.5),肺动脉根部造影于左后下方似有一异常不规则血管影,以"血氧测定法"计算体循环血流量(Qs:2.87l/min)及肺循环血流量(Qp:3.41l/min),其左向右分流量为0.54 l/min。

关键词：治疗舒张期冠状动脉瘘腔内造影经皮心电图闭塞射频易患因素