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Fire-retardant, anti-dripping, biodegradable and biobased polyurethane elastomers enabled by hydrogen-bonding with cellulose nanocrystals

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2186-2194页

作者： Yijiao Xue Tianchen Zhang Hong Peng Zhewen Ma Meng Zhang mark Lynch Toan Dinh Zhezhe Zhou Yonghong Zhou Pingan Song Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAF)Nanjing 210042China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQld 4072Australia Department of Polymer Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China School of Agriculture and Environmental Science University of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQld 4300Australia Centre for Future Materials University of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQld 4300Australia

Thermoplastic polyurethane(PU)elastomers have attracted significant attention because of their many important industrial ***,the creation of fire-retardant and anti-dripping PU elastomers has remained a grant challenge due to the lack of crosslinking and weak interchain ***,we report a mechanically robust,biodegradable,fire-retardant,and anti-dripping biobased PU elastomer with excellent biodegradability using an abietic acid-based compound as hard segments and polycaprolactone diol(PCL)as soft segments,followed by physically crosslinking with cellulose nanocrystals(CNC)through dynamic *** resultant elastomer shows the balanced mechanical and fire-retardant properties,e.g.,a tensile strength and break strain of 9.1 MPa and 560%,a self-extinguishing ability(V-0 rating in UL-94 testing),and an anti-dripping ***,the as-developed PU can be completely degraded in 1.0 wt.%lipase solution at 37℃ in 60 days,arising from the catalytic and wicking effect of CNC on PU *** work provides an innovative and versatile strategy for constructing robust,fire-retardant,anti-dripping,and biodegradable PU elastomers,which hold great promise for practical applications in electronic and automobile sectors.

关键词： polyurethane elastomers cellulose nanocrystals fire retardancy anti-dripping biodegradation

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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick mark K.Schutze mark J.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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A 3D In-vitro model of the human dentine interface shows long-range osteoinduction from the dentine surface

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 225-237页

作者： William Macalester Asme Boussahel Rafael O.Moreno-Tortolero mark R.Shannon Nicola West Darryl Hill Adam Perriman School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUnited Kingdom Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials HH Wills Physics LaboratoryUniversity of BristolTyndall AvenueBristolUnited Kingdom Centre for Protolife Research School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantocks CloseBristolUnited Kingdom Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom Periodontology Bristol Dental SchoolUniversity of BristolLower Maudlin StreetBristolUnited Kingdom

Emerging regenerative cell therapies for alveolar bone loss have begun to explore the use of cell laden hydrogels for minimally invasive surgery to treat small and spatially complex maxilla-oral ***,the oral cavity presents a unique and challenging environment for in vivo bone tissue engineering,exhibiting both hard and soft periodontal tissue as well as acting as key biocenosis for many distinct microbial communities that interact with both the external environment and internal body systems,which will impact on cell fate and subsequent treatment ***,we design and bioprint a facile 3D in vitro model of a human dentine interface to probe the effect of the dentine surface on human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)encapsulated in a microporous hydrogel *** demonstrate that the dentine substrate induces osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs,and that both dentine andβ-tricalcium phosphate substrates stimulate extracellular matrix production and maturation at the gel-media interface,which is distal to the gel-substrate *** findings demonstrate the potential for long-range effects on stem cells by mineralized surfaces during bone tissue engineering and provide a framework for the rapid development of 3D dentine-bone interface models.

关键词： interface den surface

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Anneal-free ultra-low loss silicon nitride integrated photonics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1565-1577页

作者： Debapam Bose mark W.Harrington Andrei Isichenko Kaikai Liu Jiawei Wang Nitesh Chauhan Zachary L.Newman Daniel J.Blumenthal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Octave Photonics LouisvilleCO 80027USA

Heterogeneous and monolithic integration of the versatile low-loss silicon nitride platform with low-temperature materials such as silicon electronics and photonics,III–V compound semiconductors,lithium niobate,organics,and glasses has been inhibited by the need for high-temperature annealing as well as the need for different process flows for thin and thick *** techniques are needed to maintain the state-of-the-art losses,nonlinear properties,and CMOS-compatible processes while enabling this next generation of 3D silicon nitride *** report a significant advance in silicon nitride integrated photonics,demonstrating the lowest losses to date for an anneal-free process at a maximum temperature 250℃,with the same deuterated silane based fabrication flow,for nitride and oxide,for an order of magnitude range in nitride thickness without requiring stress mitigation or *** report record low anneal-free losses for both nitride core and oxide cladding,enabling 1.77 dBm^(-1) loss and 14.9 million Q for 80 nm nitride core waveguides,more than half an order magnitude lower loss than previously reported sub 300℃ *** 800 nm-thick nitride,we achieve as good as 8.66 dBm^(-1) loss and 4.03 million Q,the highest reported Q for a low temperature processed resonator with equivalent device area,with a median of loss and Q of 13.9 dBm^(-1) and 2.59 million each *** demonstrate laser stabilization with over 4 orders of magnitude frequency noise reduction using a thin nitride reference cavity,and using a thick nitride micro-resonator we demonstrate OPO,over two octave supercontinuum generation,and four-wave mixing and parametric gain with the lowest reported optical parametric oscillation threshold per unit resonator *** results represent a significant step towards a uniform ultra-low loss silicon nitride homogeneous and heterogeneous platform for both thin and thick waveguides capable of linear and nonlinear photonic circuits and

关键词： resonator thick free

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Demystifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms relevant to wastewater treatment: A review of their phylogeny, metabolism, and detection

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 1-16页

作者： Lucia Ruiz-Haddad Muhammad Ali Mario Pronk mark C.Mvan Loosdrecht Pascal E.Saikaly Environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Center Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Department of Civil Structural&Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin2Ireland Department of Biotechnology Delft University of TechnologyDelft2629 HZthe Netherlands

Currently,the most cost-effective and efficient method for phosphorus(P)removal from wastewater is enhanced biological P removal(EPBR)via polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs).This study integrates a literature review with genomic analysis to uncover the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the relevant PAOs for wastewater *** findings highlight significant differences in the metabolic capabilities of PAOs relevant to wastewater ***,Candidatus Dechloromonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter can synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates,possess specific enzymes for ATP production from polyphosphate,and have electrochemical transporters for acetate and *** contrast,Tetrasphaera,Candidatus Phosphoribacter,Knoellia,and Phycicoccus possess PolyP-glucokinase and electrochemical transporters for sugars/amino ***,this review explores various detection methods for polyphosphate and PAOs in activated sludge wastewater treatment ***,FISH-Raman spectroscopy emerges as one of the most advanced detection ***,this review provides critical insights into PAO research,underscoring the need for enhanced strategies in biological phosphorus removal.

关键词： Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs) Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR)Tetrasphaera Ca.accumulibacter Ca.phosphoribacter Knoellia Phycicoccus

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Cavity continuum

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 391-398页

作者： FAN CHENG VLADIMIR SHUVAYEV mark DOUVIDZON LEV DEYCH TAL CARMON School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Physics Department Queens College of CUNYFlushingQueensNew York 11367USA Solid State Institute Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel The Graduate Center of CUNY New YorkNew York 10016USA

We experimentally demonstrate and numerically analyze large arrays of whispering gallery *** fluorescent mapping,we measure the spatial distribution of the cavity ensemble’s resonances,revealing that light reaches distant resonators in various ways,including while passing through dark gaps,resonator groups,or resonator *** spatially decays exponentially in the *** practically infinite periodic array of resonators,with a quality factor(Q)exceeding 107,might impact a new type of photonic ensembles for nonlinear optics and lasers using our cavity continuum that is distributed,while having high-Q resonators as unit cells.

关键词： resonator cavity ensemble

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Extremely thin but very robust:Surprising cryptogam trait combinations at the end of the leaf economics spectrum

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 621-629页

作者： Tana Wuyun Lu Zhang Tiina Tosens Bin Liu Kristiina mark JoséÁngel Morales-Sanchez Jesamine Jöneva Rikisahedew Vivian Kuusk Ülo Niinemets Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi 1Tartu 51014Estonia College of Landscape and Architecture Zhejiang A&F University666 Wusu StreetHangzhou 311300China Estonian Academy of Sciences Kohtu 6Tallinn 10130Estonia

Leaf economics spectrum(LES)describes the fundamental trade-offs between leaf structural,chemical,and physiological ***,structurally robust thick leaves with high leaf dry mass per unit area(LMA)exhibit lower photosynthetic capacity per dry mass(Amass).Paradoxically,“soft and thinleaved”mosses and spikemosses have very low Amass,but due to minute-size foliage elements,their LMA and its components,leaf thickness(LT)and density(LD),have not been systematically ***,we characterized LES and associated traits in cryptogams in unprecedented details,covering five evolutionarily different *** found that mosses and spikemosses had the lowest LMA and LT values ever measured for terrestrial *** a broad range of species from different lineages,Amass and LD were negatively *** contrast,Amass was only related to LMA when LMA was greater than 14 g cm^(-2).In fact,low Amass reflected high LD and cell wall thickness in the studied *** conclude that evolutionarily old plant lineages attained poorly differentiated,ultrathin mesophyll by increasing *** plant lineages,LD,not LMA,is the trait that represents the trade-off between leaf robustness and physiology in the LES.

关键词： Investment strategy Leaf density Leaf structural traits LMA estimation bias Non-seed plants Trait trade-offs

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Liver Characterization of a Cohort of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Patients with and without Lung Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第10期12卷 845-856页

作者： Naweed Mohammad Regina Oshins Tongjun Gu Virginia Clark Jorge Lascano Naziheh Assarzadegan George Marek mark Brantly Nazli Khodayari Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research Bioinformatics CoreUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Division of Pathology Immunologyand Laboratory MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Background and Aims:Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(AATD)is a genetic disorder characterized by the misfolding and accumulation of the mutant variant of alpha-1 antitrypsin(AAT)within hepatocytes,which limits its access to the circulation and exposes the lungs to protease-mediated tissue *** results in progressive liver disease secondary to AAT polymerization and accumulation,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)due to deficient levels of AAT within the *** goal was to characterize the unique effects of COPD secondary to AATD on liver disease and gene ***:A subcohort of AATD individuals with COPD(n=33)and AATD individuals without COPD(n=14)were evaluated in this study from our previously reported cross-sectional *** used immunohistochemistry to assess the AATD liver phenotype,and RNA sequencing to explore liver *** observed a distinct transcriptomic profile in liver tissues from AATD individuals with COPD compared to those ***:A total of 339 genes were differentially *** pathways related to fibrosis,extracellular matrix remodeling,collagen deposition,hepatocellular damage,and inflammation were significantly upregulated in the livers of AATD individuals with *** analysis also revealed higher levels of fibrosis and hepatocellular damage in these ***:Our data supports a relationship between the development of COPD and liver disease in AATD and introduces genes and pathways that may play a role in AATD liver disease when COPD is *** believe addressing lung impairment and airway inflammation may be an approach to managing AATD-related liver disease.

关键词： Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Liver fibrosis Liver biopsy Liver histology Transcriptomics

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Unraveling the hydrothermal history of the Xinshuijing Na-metasomatite uranium deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt， Northwest China by coupled hydrothermal zircon U–Pb and albite Ar–Ar dating

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： JUN ZHONG mark MIHALASKY MICHEL CUNEY SHENG HE JUN-JIE LI National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resource Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing， Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)， Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section， Division of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology， Vienna International Center Université de Lorraine， GéoRessources CNRS State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution (SKLLE)， Institute of Geology and Geophysics， Chinese Academy of Sciences

Na-metasomatite uranium deposits are an important type of large-tonnage low-grade uranium deposit. They are characterized by an intimate association between uranium minerals and albite， and by the common development of syn-ore hydrothermal zircons. Similar to other types of uranium deposits， constraining an accurate age of mineralization remains a challenge for the Na-metasomatite type ones. In this study， we present for the first time， an approach that combines age dating results from the syn-ore albites (40Ar-39Ar) and hydrothermal zircons （U-Pb） for a typical Na-metasomatite uranium deposit， the Xinshuijing deposit in the Longshoushan metallogenic belt of northwest China. The hydrothermal zircon U-Pb and albite40Ar-39Ar ages are consistent with each other （378-366 Ma; within error）， but also identical to the previously reported uraninite chemical U-Pb ages （approximately 370 Ma）. The coupled application of hydrothermal zircon U-Pb and albite40Ar-39Ar age dating is thus regarded as a robust approach for constraining the age of mineralization for Na-metasomatite uranium deposits. An age gap of approximately 70 m.y. between uranium mineralization （～ 370 Ma） and host granitoid emplacement （about 440 Ma） suggests no direct genetic linkage between the two. Further exploration in the surrounding metamorphic units is therefore suggested， rather than only focusing on the host granitoids， especially where intensive wallrock alteration and structural features are pervasive. The varied hydrothermal zircon δ18O isotope compositions are attributed to the significant fluid-wallrock interaction during the uranium mineralization， which is consistent with our previous fluid inclusion and geochemical studies. Our study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate isotopic dating methods， which is informed by detailed paragenetic and geochemical analysis of dateable minerals formed before or coeval to the main-stage uranium mineralization. Moreover， it is underlined that the e

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A Simulation of the Dependence of Tidal Interaction on Galaxy Type in Compact Groups

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期14卷 85-100页

作者： mark J. Henriksen Mateo Mejia Department of Physics University of Maryland Baltimore USA

We have investigated the role that different galaxy types have in galaxy-galaxy interactions in compact groups. N-body simulations of 6 galaxies consisting of a differing mixture of galaxy types were run to compare the relative importance of galaxy population demographic on evolution. Three different groups with differing galaxy content were tested: all spiral, a single elliptical and 50% elliptical. Tidal interaction strength and duration were recorded to assess the importance of an interaction. A group with an equal number of spiral and elliptical galaxies has some of the longest and strongest interactions with elliptical-elliptical interactions being most significant. These elliptical-elliptical interactions are not dominated by a single large event but consist of multiple interactions. Elliptical galaxies tidally interacting with spiral galaxies, have the next strongest interaction events. For the case when a group only has a single elliptical, the largest magnitude tidal interaction is an elliptical on a spiral. Spirals interact with each other through many small interactions. For a spiral only group, the interactions are the weakest compared to the other group types. These spiral interactions are not dominated by any singular event that might be expected to lead to a merger but are more of an ongoing harassment. These results suggest that within a compact group, early type galaxies will not form via merger out of an assemblage of spiral galaxies but rather that compact groups, in effect form around an early type galaxy.

关键词： Galaxy Groups Galaxy Clusters Galaxy Evolution N-Body Simulations

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