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Overall results and prospects of the cancer risk assessment in the Urals population affected by chronic low dose-rate exposure

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2022年第4期3卷 159-166页

作者： Alexander Vasilyevich Akleyev marina olegovna degteva Ludmila Yurievna Krestinina Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine Federal Medical-Biological Agency of RussiaChelyabinskRussia Chelyabinsk State University ChelyabinskRussia

The paper presents the key milestones and outcomes of 65-year studies of the carcinogenic consequences of accidental radiation exposure of the population of the Ural *** radioactive contamination of the Techa River and the 1957 accident at the Mayak Production Association were the reasons of the long-term population exposure at a wide *** most important tasks of the study were the reconstruction of individual doses,follow-up of the solid cancer and leukemia incidence and mortality among cohort *** research results have shown that chronic human exposure,in comparison to acute exposure,does not reduce the risk of developing malignant tumors and *** value of the dose-rate factor does not exceed"one".Thus,according to our data,the Publication 103 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection seemed to underestimate the radiation risk of malignant tumors and leukemias in case of low dose-rate exposure of the population by a factor of *** for further radio-epidemiological studies in the Urals are associated with the analysis of the cohort of Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation,which includes about 63 thousand exposed people and makes it possible to assess the radiation risk of solid cancers of certain localizations,certain types of leukemia,and non-cancer effects.

关键词： Radio-epidemiological studies Techa river East Urals radioactive trace Malignant tumors Leukemias Dose-rate factor

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Development of Ice Cover in Water Areas during Methane

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第9期12卷 927-940页

作者： Petr Vladimirovich Lushvin marina olegovna Buyanova Independent Researcher Moscow Russia The Faculty of Law Higher School of Economics Moscow Russia

In traditional hydrometeorology and ice physics, when analyzing the development of ice, only degree-days of frost are taken into account. Despite the presence of pores in the ice formed during inhomogeneous crystallization and dynamic loads, ice is universally considered monolithic. Situations where ice cannot withstand design loads in frosty conditions are academically inexplicable, although it is common knowledge, for example, porous ice in reeds. Proof of methane accumulations under the ice-fountains of fire over holes in swampy waters. “Culprit” is methane. Methanotrophic microorganisms, structurally and functionally specialize in using it as a source of carbon and energy, and turn monolithic ice into porous, practically without changing its thickness. When rushing, dark products of methanotrophy and detritus raised by gas bubbles appear on the surface of the ice. The albedo of the ice surface decreases, contributing to its melting and the formation of dilutions. The early melting of ice in dilutions and their transformation into vast wormwood is due to methanotrophy products and seismogenic small detritus, which gravitationally slowly settling out of the cold photic layer, thinning it, contributes to an additional insolation warm-up of 2°C ÷ 3°C, freeing the waters from ice months earlier than normal.

关键词： Monolithic Ice Methane Porous Ice Earthquakes Methanotrophic Microorganisms

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