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软移动性：使欧洲旅游业更可持续

生态毒理学报 2002年第1期24卷 75-78页

作者： Karl Reiner Alexandra Tobler marie-Claude Gaudriault Olaf Holm NETS-Management Fichtegasse 2/17 A-1010 Vienna Austria NETS-Management Fichtegasse 2/17 A-1010 Vienna Austria AFIT - Tourisme Durable 2 Rue Linois F-75740 Paris France AFIT - Tourisme Durable 2 Rue Linois F-75740 Paris France

旅游者们越来越意识到交通的负面影响（包括噪音和其他类型的污染）.繁重的交通会影响旅游目的地的娱乐或其他价值.对于旅游胜地以赢利为目的的管理者来说，交通方式和参观者的满意程度及再访愿望之间的关系正越来越重要.

关键词：移动性欧洲旅游业交通方式旅游目的地负面影响旅游者管理者参观者噪音娱乐赢利意识污染价值

Debt in the Quebecois Novels of the 1960-1980

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2014年第10期4卷 792-801页

作者： marie-Dominique Boyce Fairfield University Fairfield CT USA

This article will study the Quebecois novels of the 1960-1980"s and especially the feeling of debt that women had because of the Christian Bible that condemned women as being the sinful Eve responsable for the Fall of Humanity. These novelists from Quebec, marie-Claire Blais, Anne Hebert, and Gabrielle Roy, show that their female characters are unable to let go of this myth of the incarnation in their bodies of the temptations leading to Sin. Consequently, these heroines show a violent disgust for their bodies, and for all sexual manifestations (puberty, pregnancey, child-birth) that they describe very crudely. They reject their bodies and live in shame of their bodies. For this reason, they dress with modesty and have a neurotic fear of the Sin of the Flesh. This Sin makes them want to withdraw from the image of the temptress Eve and to identify themselves to Mary, the sublimated woman. For Quebec novelist Gabrielle Roy, the female debt cannot be repaid by a sublimation of women to Mary, but by a sublimation of women"s own talents. Gabrielle Roy sees her late birth as a debt contracted towards her very impoverished and old parents. Fortunately, in her adolescence, she rebels against this unfair contract that her family and especially her mother imposes on her and that wrongs her because it forces her to follow the career path of a school teacher to repay the debts of her family. She withdraws from this debt by leaving for france and following the career path of a writer. She will redeem the debt of her family by writing her autobiography which is a monument in sublimation of her mother.

关键词：魁北克债务小说女性角色青春期身体基督教主人公

RECENT ADVANCES IN RESEARCH AND FORECASTING OF TROPICAL CYCLONE TRACK, INTENSITY, AND STRUCTURE AT LANDFALL

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2018年第2期7卷 85-105页

作者： marie-DOMINIQUE LEROUX KIMBERLY WOOD RUSSELL L.ELSBERRY ESPERANZA O.CAYANAN ERIC HENDRICKS MATTHEW KUCAS PETER OTTO ROBERT ROGERS BUCK SAMPSON ZIFENG YU Météo-france DIROI/EC Mississippi State University University of Colorado-Colorado Springs Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Naval Postgraduate School Joint Typhoon Warning Center Bureau of Meteorology NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Research Division Naval Research Laboratory Shanghai Typhoon Institute and Laboratory of Typhoon Forecast Technique China Meteorological Administration

This review prepared for the fourth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclone Landfall Processes(IWTCLP-4) summarizes the most recent(2015-2017) theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of tropical cyclone(TC) track, intensity, and structure rapid changes at or near landfall. Although the focus of IWTCLPIV was on landfall, this summary necessarily embraces the characteristics of storms during their course over the ocean prior to and leading up to landfall. In the past few years, extremely valuable observational datasets have been collected for TC forecasting guidance and research studies using both aircraft reconnaissance and new geostationary or low-earth orbiting satellites at high temporal and spatial resolution. Track deflections for systems near complex topography such as that of Taiwan and La Réunion have been further investigated, and advanced numerical models with high spatial resolution necessary to predict the interaction of the TC circulation with steep island topography have been developed. An analog technique has been designed to meet the need for longer range landfall intensity forecast guidance that will provide more time for emergency preparedness. Probabilistic track and intensity forecasts have also been developed to better communicate on forecast uncertainty. Operational practices of several TC forecast centers are described herein and some challenges regarding forecasts and warnings for TCs making landfall are identified. This review concludes with insights from both researchers and forecasters regarding future directions to improve predictions of TC track, intensity, and structure at landfall.

关键词： tropical cyclone track intensity structure landfall rapid intensification rapid changes

RELAXATION OF FUNCTIONALS INVOLVING HOMOGENEOUS FUNCTIONS AND INVARIANCE OF ENVELOPES

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2002年第1期23卷 37-52页

作者： M.BOUSSELSAL H.LEDRET DepartmentofMathematics EcoleNormaleSupérieureB.P.92VieuxKouba16050AlgiersAlgeria Laboratoired’AnalyaeNumérique UniversitéPierreetMarieCurieBoitecourrier18775252ParisCedex05France

The authors compute the quasiconvex envelope of certain functions defined on the space M,.mn of real m x n matrices via a homogeneous function on Mmn - They also deduce Invariance properties for various convex envelopes from corresponding invariance properties satisfied by a function. Some applications related in particular to nonlinear elasticity arc given.

关键词：松弛性能量泛函齐次函数不变性包络矩阵空间拟凸性

Macroscale fluorescence imaging against autofluorescence under ambient light

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 151-162页

作者： Ruikang Zhang Raja Chouket marie-Aude Plamont Zsolt Kelemen Agathe Espagne Alison G.Tebo Arnaud Gautier Lionel Gissot Jean-Denis Faure Ludovic Jullien Vincent Croquette Thomas Le Saux PASTEUR Département de ChimieÉcole Normale SupérieurePSL UniversitySorbonne UniversitéCNRS75005 ParisFrance Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRAAgroParisTechCNRSSaclay Plant Science(SPS)UniversitéParis-SaclayVersaillesFrance Laboratoire de Physique Statistique École Normale SupérieurePSL Research UniversityUniversitéParis Diderot Sorbonne Paris-CitéSorbonne UniversitéCNRS75005 ParisFrance Institut de biologie de l’École normale supérieure(IBENS) École Normale SupérieureCNRSINSERMPSL Research University75005 ParisFrance

Macroscale fluorescence imaging is increasingly used to observe biological ***,it may suffer from spectral interferences that originate from ambient light or autofluorescence of the sample or its *** this manuscript,we built a simple and inexpensive fluorescence macroscope,which has been used to evaluate the performance of Speed OPIOM(Out of Phase Imaging after Optical Modulation),which is a reference-free dynamic contrast protocol,to selectively image reversibly photoswitchable fluorophores as labels against detrimental autofluorescence and ambient *** tuning the intensity and radial frequency of the modulated illumination to the Speed OPIOM resonance and adopting a phase-sensitive detection scheme that ensures noise rejection,we enhanced the sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio for fluorescence detection in blot assays by factors of 50 and 10,respectively,over direct fluorescence observation under constant ***,we overcame the strong autofluorescence of growth media that are currently used in microbiology and realized multiplexed fluorescence observation of colonies of spectrally similar fluorescent bacteria with a unique configuration of excitation and emission ***,we easily discriminated fluorescent labels from the autofluorescent and reflective background in labeled leaves,even under the interference of incident light at intensities that are comparable to *** proposed approach is expected to find multiple applications,from biological assays to outdoor observations,in fluorescence macroimaging.

关键词： ambient illumination light

Liver Transient Elastography Combined to Platelet Count (Baveno VI) Predict High Esophageal Varices in Black African Patient with Compensated Hepatitis B Related Cirrhosis

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第5期8卷 192-200页

作者： Doffou Adjeka Stanislas Assi Constant Ndjitoyap Ndam Antonin Wilson Kouame Hardryt Dimitri Bangoura Demba Kissi Anzouan-Kacou Ouattara Amadou Lohoues-Kouacou marie-Jeanne Attia Koffi Alain Gastrointestinal Unit Cocody Teaching Hospital CenterAbidjanCote d’Ivoire Gastrointestinal Unit Yopougon Teaching Hospital CenterAbidjanCote d’Ivoire

Aim: To assess the predictive value of the Baveno VI criteria for the diagnosis of large esophageal varices (EV) in Black African patient with compensated hepatitis B related cirrhosis. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study from January 2 to July 3 (2016), in Department of Gastroenterology at University Hospitals of Cocody (CHUC) and Yopougon (CHUY). All the black African patients included were more than 15 years old and their liver elasticity score (LES) was carried out at Yopougon University Hospital. Hepatitis B related cirrhosis was defined by LES ≥ 11 kPa (FibroScan? (Echosens, france)) with positive HBs antigen (HBsAg) and anti HBc antibody. All the patients with hepatitis B related cirrhosis performed a gastroscopy at Cocody University Hospital and esophageal varices were ranked according to société fran?aise d’endoscopie digestive (SFED) classification. Data analysis was performed by SPSS model 20.0 statistics software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). Diagnostic performance of LES 150,000/mmm3 (Baveno VI criteria) for the diagnosis of large EV by gastroscopy was studied (area under the ROC curve, specificity (Sp), sensitivity (Se), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: During the study period, 720 patients achieved liver FibroScan? at CHUY. Of these, 60 respondents to our inclusion criteria were prospectively included in our study. Twelve (20%) of these 60 patients met the Baveno VI criteria. EV were present in 40% of cases (n = 24) with 6.7% (n = 4), 15% (n = 9) and 18.3% (n = 11) of grade 1, 2 and 3, respectively. (66.7% (n = 40) without EV or with small EV) and 33.3% (n = 20) with large EV. The Baveno VI criteria had a Se, Sp, PPV and NPV of 100%, 41.6%, 30% and 100% respectively for the diagnosis of large EV. The area under the ROC curve of a platelet count greater than 150,000/mm3, a liver elasticity score of less than 20 kPa and combination of both were respectively 0.763 [0.645 - 0.880;P = 0.27

关键词： Cirrhosis Esophageal Varice-Fibroscan^(█)-Baveno Negative Predictive Value Africa

Chronic hepatitis B liver disease in patients living in the Amazon region: S gene mutations and genotypes characterization

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2013年第8期3卷 506-511页

作者： Deusilene Vieira marie Gauthier Larissa Deadame de Figueiredo Nicolete Alcione Oliveira dos Santos Carina Picelli Eduardo Honda Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala Guy Vernet Juan Miguel Villalobos Salcedo Research Center for Tropical Medicine CEPEM/Tropical Pathology Research InstituteFiocruz RondoniaRio de JaneiroBrazil Emerging Pathogens Laboratory Fondation MerieuxIFR 128 BioSciences GerlandLyonFrance

The Amazon region is considered to be a high endemic area for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections, Rondônia state having the highest prevalence. The aim of this study was to identify molecular genotypes and mutations in the S gene region of HBV viral genomes from 20 patients using a DNA microarray. Results: Serological tests showed that 88% of patients were HBeAg negative, 82% had anti-HBe antibodies and 33% were co-infected with Hepatitis Delta Virus. Sixteen percent of the patients were considered cirrhotic, and 11% have been transfused. The microarray technique identified the genotypes A (4 patients), D (7 patients) and F (7 patients) in 18 samples. Mutations were detected in all 3 genotypes and, overall, A159G, which has been associated with a reduced antigenicity of the virus, was detected most frequently. In genotype A, G119E was the most frequently detected mutation followed by mutations A159G, F134Y, W172C, Y161F and T143S. A159G was detected in all genotype D and F samples followed by mutations T143S, Y161F, N131T, T114S and G119E in genotype D and mutations T143S, Y161F, N131T, T114S and G119E in genotype F. Conclusion: The analysis of mutations repartition among genotypes suggests that some of them are preferentially or exclusively associated with genotype A, D or F. This type of tool is adapted for clinical and therapy monitoring of patient as well as for molecular epidemiology research on HBV.

关键词： Hepatitis B Virus Mutant Detection DNA Microarray Amazon Region

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霹雳性头痛

英国医学杂志中文版 2015年第3期18卷 150-155页

作者： Anne Dueros marie-Gemlaine Bousser 李力波 Emergency Headache Centre Head and Neck Clinic Lariboisiere Hospital Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris 75010 Paris France Neurology Department Head and Neck Clinic Lariboisiere Hospital 北京协和医院神经科

90％的人群受头痛影响。这些头痛最常见的病因是偏头痛和发作性紧张型头痛。有小部分患者因急性头痛发作到初级门诊就医，这时门诊的主要任务就是鉴别哪些患者需要急诊检查。“霹雳性头痛”（Thunderclap Headache）这个名词用来描述一... 详细信息

90％的人群受头痛影响。这些头痛最常见的病因是偏头痛和发作性紧张型头痛。有小部分患者因急性头痛发作到初级门诊就医，这时门诊的主要任务就是鉴别哪些患者需要急诊检查。“霹雳性头痛”（Thunderclap Headache）这个名词用来描述一种在短时间内——最多1分钟内发生的剧烈头痛。成年人霹雳性头痛在发达国家的发病率约为每年43／10万2。在我们急诊的头痛中心，每年约接诊8000例患者，其中约120例患者表现为霹雳性头痛。

关键词：霹雳性头痛治疗方法预防措施临床分析

Early dynamic transcriptomic changes during preoperative radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer: A feasibility study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第21期19卷 3249-3254页

作者： Stephane Supiot Wilfried Gouraud Loc Campion Pascal Jezéquel Bruno Buecher Josiane Charrier marie-Francoise Heymann Marc-Andre Mahé Emmanuel Rio Michel Chérel Department of Radiation Oncology Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest René Gauducheau44800 Nantes-St-HerblainFrance INSERM U892 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-AngersUniversity of Nantes44000 NantesFrance Centre Hospitalier Universitaire 44000 NantesFrance Department of Nuclear Medicine Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest René Gauducheau44800 Nantes-Saint HerblainFrance

AIM: To develop novel biomarkers of rectal radiotherapy, we measured gene expression profiles on biopsies taken before and during preoperative radiotherapy. METHODS: Six patients presenting with a locally advanced rectal cancer (T>T2, N0/Nx, M0) eligible for preoperative radiotherapy (45 Gy in 25 fractions) were selected in a pilot study. Six tumor and 3 normal tissues biopsies were taken before and during radiotherapy,after a dose of 7.2 Gy at a median time of 1 h following irradiation (0:27-2:12). Tumor or normal tissue purity was assessed by a pathologist prior to RNA extraction. Mean RNA content was 23 μg/biopsy (14-37) before radiotherapy and 22.7 μg/biopsy (12-35) during radiotherapy. After RNA amplification, biopsies were analysed with 54K HG-U133A Plus 2.0 Affymetrix expression micro-arrays. Data were normalized according to MAS5 algorithm. A gene expression ratio was calculated as: (gene expression during radiotherapy-gene expression before radiotherapy)/gene expression before radiotherapy. Were selected genes that showed a ratio higher than ± 0.5 in all 6 patients. RESULTS: Microarray analysis showed that preoperative radiotherapy significantly up-regulated 31 genes and down-regulated 6 genes. According to the Gene Ontology project classification, these genes are involved in protein metabolism (ADAMDEC1 ; AKAP7 ; CAPN5 ; CLIC5 ; CPE ; CREB3L1 ; NEDD4L ; RAB27A), ion transport (AKAP7 ; ATP2A3 ; CCL28 ; CLIC5 ; F2RL2 ; NEDD4L ; SLC6A8), transcription (AKAP7 ; CREB3L1 ; ISX ; PAB-PC1L ; TXNIP), signal transduction (CAPN5 ; F2RL2 ; RA- B27A ; TNFRSF11A), cell adhesion (ADAMDEC1 ; PXDN ; SPON1 ; S100A2), immune response (CCL28 ; PXDN ; TNFRSF11A) and apoptosis (ITM2C ; PDCD4 ; PVT1). Up-regulation of 3 genes (CCL28 ; CLIC5 ; PDCD4) was detected by 2 different probes and up-regulation of 2 genes (RAB27A ; TXNIP) by 3 probes. CONCLUSION: Micro-arrays can efficiently assess early transcriptomic changes during preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer, and may he

关键词： CCL28 CLIC5 PDCD4 RAB27A TXNIP Protein metabolism Cell adhesion Cell migration SPON1 Carboxypeptidase E