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A public health mission in Canada in response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic

Global Health Journal 2022年第4期6卷 231-236页

作者： marie lavoie Department of Economics the Glendon School of Public and International AffairsGlendon CampusYork UniversityTorontoOntario M4N 3M6Canada

Many governments in the world reacted to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic by swiftly offering stimulus packages to their *** public unpreparedness was dramatic,it was not unexpected:many alarms had been *** by the federal and various provincial governments of Canada in core sectors predis-posed the country to the current situation and weakened its capacity to respond *** paper reviews the cumulative effects of these strategic orientations:a deficient investment strategy in fundamental science;dis-connect between laboratory work and the country's capacity to produce vaccines and antiviral drugs;the priority of cost efficiency that led to overwhelming dependency on foreign production of medical supplies;and dramatic spending cuts in public *** will discuss a Mission strategy to exit the crisis that takes a long-term perspec-tive,in which public interest and public health,combined with a strong State leadership,stimulate innovation and collaboration between national and international actors.

关键词： Fundamental research Innovation Mission Public health Pandemic

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Harnessing the potential of additive manufacturing technologies:Challenges and opportunities for entrepreneurial strategies

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2018年第4期2卷 123-136页

作者： marie lavoie James L.Addis York University/Glendon College-Economics Department and Glendon School of Public and International Affairs 2275 Bayview AvenueTorontoOntarioM4N3M6Canada York University/Glendon College-Economics Department 2275 Bayview AvenueTorontoOntarioM4N3M6Canada

Additive manufacturing(AM),a revolutionary production technique that will make many previously inconceivable innovations a reality,is transforming the manufacturing *** technologies behind AM have a generic character and possess immense and transformative potential that will be felt across different sectors of the *** paper studies how entrepreneurs can access,exploit,and diffuse this new disruptive knowledge,as well as the potential challenges that lie ***,we examine the magnitude of the knowledge pool created by the Top 10 countries in AM research from 2011 to 2016;specifically,we determine the leading countries,the pattern of organizational and international collaborations,leading disciplines contributing to AM,and the pattern in authors'*** find that the US is clearly the dominant country,while China witnessed a notable acceleration in AM research between 2014 and 2016;we also show that universities are the predominant actor in codified AM knowledge *** this information,we paint a vivid picture of the technological and market opportunities for entrepreneurs and identify the gaps in the current knowledge production environment;we find that the challenges currently faced by entrepreneurs could be overcome through academic entrepreneurship,collective entrepreneurship,and the actions of an entrepreneurial state.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Knowledge pool Entrepreneurship Innovation systems Innovation policy Evolutionary economics

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Nanoengineered Shear-Thinning Hydrogel Barrier for Preventing Postoperative Abdominal Adhesions

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第12期13卷 452-467页

作者： Guillermo U.Ruiz-Esparza Xichi Wang Xingcai Zhang Sofia Jimenez-Vazquez Liliana Diaz-Gomez Anne-marie lavoie Samson Afewerki Andres AFuentes-Baldemar Roberto Parra-Saldivar Nan Jiang Nasim Annabi Bahram Saleh Ali K.Yetisen Amir Sheikhi Thomas H.Jozefiak Su Ryon Shin Nianguo Dong Ali Khademhosseini Biomaterials Innovation Research Center Division of Engineering in MedicineDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02139USA Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022People’s Republic of China School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA School of Engineering and Science Tecnologico de MonterreyCampus MonterreyMonterreyNuevo Leon 64849Mexico School of Medicine and Health Science Campus GuadalajaraZapopanJalisco 45201Mexico West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation 11570 W Olympic BlvdLos AngelesCA 90024USA

More than 90%of surgical patients develop postoper-ative adhesions,and the incidence of hospital re-admissions can be as high as 20%.Current adhesion barriers present limited efficacy due to difficulties in application and incompatibility with minimally invasive *** solve thisclinical limitation,we developed an injectable and sprayable shear-thinning hydrogel barrier(STHB)composed of silicate nanoplatelets and poly(ethylene oxide).We optimized this technology to recover mechanical integrity after stress,enabling its delivery though inject-able and sprayable *** also demonstrated limited cell adhesion and cytotoxicity to STHB compositions in *** STHB was then tested in a rodent model of peritoneal injury to determine its e cacy preventing the formation of postoperative *** two weeks,the peritoneal adhesion index was used as a scoring method to determine the formation of postoperative adhesions,and STHB formulations presented superior e cacy compared to a commercially available adhesion *** and immunohistochemical examination showed reduced adhesion formation and minimal immune infiltration in STHB *** technology demonstrated increased e cacy,ease of use in complex anatomies,and compatibility with di erent delivery methods,providing a robust universal platform to prevent postoperative adhesions in a wide range of surgical interventions.

关键词： Postoperative adhesions Shear-thinning hydrogel Silicate nanoplatelets Nanotechnology Nanomedicine

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Exercise Blood Pressure Response and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Middle Aged Women: A MONET Group Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第6期6卷 157-165页

作者： Joseph Abdulnour marie-Noëlle Lacroix Pierre Boulay Éric Doucet Martin Brochu Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret Jean-Marc lavoie Denis Prud’homme School of Human Kinetics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada Institut de recherche de l’H?pital Montfort Ottawa ON Canada Faculté des sciences de l’activité physique Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada Research Centre on Aging Social Services and Health Centre—University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) Montréal QC Canada Department of Kinesiology Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada

Objective: To investigate if an exaggerated peak exercise systolic blood pressure (peak ESBP) is associated with alteration of cardiometabolic risk factors and predict future resting hypertension in middle aged women. Methods: Data analysis was performed in 95 healthy normotensive premeno-pausal women at baseline and 84 after 5-year follow-up (age, 49.9 ± 1.9 years;BMI, 23.3 ± 2.2 kg/m2;resting BP, 117/73 ± 11.8/7.6 mmHg). Blood pressure was measured at rest and during a progressive exercise test on treadmill. Women were divided into two groups according to their peak ESBP <190 mmHg vs. ≥190 mmHg. Other outcome measures were: cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak), body composition, body fat distribution and fasting plasma lipids, glucose and insulin levels. Results: 15% and 27% of women presented an exaggerated peak ESBP response (≥190 mmHg) at baseline and year 5 respectively. Linear mixed model repeated measures analysis revealed higher values of fasting glucose, resting systolic and diastolic BP in women with an exaggerated peak ESBP (≥190 mmHg) compared to women with a peak ESBP (<190 mmHg). No significant difference was observed between the two groups for VO2 peak, body composition and body fat distribution indices and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Finally, baseline peak ESBP was not a significant risk factor for future resting hypertension (OR: 2.96, 95%CI [0.48 - 18.12];P = 0.24). Conclusion: Our results, despite being non significant, are of great interest because in healthy and active premenopausal women, exaggerated peak ESBP is not predictive of future hypertension after 5-year follow-up throughout menopause transition.

关键词： Blood pressure Exercise Blood Pressure Exaggerated Peak Exercise Systolic Blood Pressure Hy-pertension Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

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