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Unified deep learning model for El Niño/Southern Oscillation forecasts by incorporating seasonality in climate data

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Science Bulletin 2021年第13期66卷 1358-1366,M0004页

作者： Yoo-Geun Ham Jeong-Hwan Kim Eun-sol Kim Kyung-Yun On Department of Oceanography Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186South Korea Kakao Brain Bundang-guSeongnam-siGyeonggi-do 13494South Korea

Although deep learning has achieved a milestone in forecasting the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO),the current models are insufficient to simulate diverse characteristics of the ENSO,which depends on the calendar ***,a model was generated for specific seasons which indicates these models did not consider physical constraints between different target seasons and forecast lead times,thereby leading to arbitrary fluctuations in the predicted time *** overcome this problem and account for ENSO seasonality,we developed an all-season convolutional neural network(A_CNN)*** correlation skill of the ENSO index was particularly improved for forecasts of the boreal spring,which is the most challenging season to ***,activation map values indicated a clear time evolution with increasing forecast lead *** study findings reveal the comprehensive role of various climate precursors of ENSO events that act differently over time,thus indicating the potential of the A_CNN model as a diagnostic tool.

关键词： Deep learning ENSO forecasts Seasonality of the ENSO

Sprinkle formulations——A review of commercially available products

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020年第3期15卷 292-310页

作者： Han sol Lee Jeong-Jun Lee Myeong-Gyu Kim Ki-Taek Kim Cheong-Weon Cho Dae-Duk Kim Jae-Young Lee College of Pharmacy Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy CHA UniversityPocheon 11160Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute Mokpo National UniversityJeonnam 58554Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Currently, sixty-five original sprinkle drug products are available in various dosage forms including tablets, powders, granules, immediate-release capsules, extended-release capsules, delayed-release capsules, and multiparticulate drug delivery systems. By sprinkling on soft food vehicles, these products provide dosing flexibility and convenience of administration, which potentially improve the compliance of patients with *** to these advantages, the growth of sprinkle products picked up since the 1990s, and several regulatory issues regarding this dosage form have been raised and *** this article, the types of sprinkle formulations were discussed by dividing them into seven categories, and the commercial products were summarized in terms of the drug substance, pharmaceutical excipients, storage conditions and administration methods. In addition, several US Food and Drug Administration guidelines related to the regulatory issues of sprinkle formulations were reviewed, which led to the conclusion that the future development of this promising dosage form demands integrated guidance for industry rather than scattered information in various documents.

关键词： Sprinkle formulation Soft food Geriatric Pediatric Dysphagia Guidance for industry

On the Accuracy of the Complete Basis Set Extrapolation for Anionic Systems: A Case Study of the Electron Affinity of Methane

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Computational Chemistry 2014年第2期2卷 31-41页

作者： Alejandro Ramírez-solís Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Nano-Objets INSA-Université de Toulouse. 135 Av. de Rangueil Toulouse F-31075 France

Recent experimental evidence suggests again the existence of the metastable methane anion in plasma swarms. In order to test the reliability of the complete basis set (CBS) extrapolation scheme with augmented correlation-consistent basis sets for anionic molecules, we study the evolution of the electron affinity of methane with benchmark ab initio calculations with aug-cc basis sets up to aug-cc-pV6Z + diffuse. Geometry optimizations and vibrational analysis were done at the MP2 level. The electron affinity (EA) was calculated at the MP2 and CCSD(T) levels with and without frozen core and including the extrapolations to the CBS limit. Using the aug-cc-pVnZ basis sets it is found that two non-decreasing CCSD(T) CBS limits exist for the EA (0.29 and 0.53 eV) obtained with the n = 3, 4, 5 and n = 4, 5, 6 series, respectively. A new scheme is proposed which can be generalized for very accurate quantum chemical description of molecular anions: the standard aug-cc-pVnZ basis sets can be supplemented with extra-diffuse orbitals using a simple even-tempered scheme. This yields a reliable CBS extrapolation method to develop a (discrete approximation of a) continuum anionic state near ionization, viz., one that closely matches the energy of the corresponding neutral state. These results show that CH4 has no stable anions of 2A1 symmetry, implying that plasma swarms with anionic methane consist of metastable rather than stable methane anions.

关键词： Methane Electron Affinity Anion Correlated Calculations Complete Basis Set Limit

Clearing the corpses： regulatory mechanisms, novel tools, and therapeutic potential of harnessing microglial phagocytosis in the diseased brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1533-1539页

作者： Irune Diaz-Aparicio sol Beccari Oihane Abiega Amanda Sierra Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Zamudio Spain University of the Basque Country Leioa Spain Ikerbasque Foundation Bilbao Spain

Apoptosis is a widespread phenomenon that occurs in the brain in both physiological and pathological conditions. Dead ceils must be quickly removed to avoid the further toxic effects they exert in the pa- renchyma, a process executed by microglia, the brain professional phagocytes. Although phagocytosis is critical to maintain tissue homeostasis, it has long been either overlooked or indirectly assessed based on microglial morphology, expression of classical activation markers, or engulfment of artificial phagocytic targets in vitro. Nevertheless, these indirect methods present several limitations and, thus, direct obser- vation and quantification of microglial phagocytosis is still necessary to fully grasp its relevance in the diseased brain. To overcome these caveats and obtain a comprehensive, quantitative picture of microglial phagocytosis we have developed a novel set of parameters. These parameters have allowed us to identify the different strategies utilized by microglia to cope with apoptotic challenges induced by excitotoxicity or inflammation. In contrast, we discovered that in mouse and human epilepsy microglia failed to find and engulf apoptotic ceils, resulting in accumulation of debris and inflammation. Herein, we advocate that the efficiency of microglial phagocytosis should be routinely tested in neurodegenerative and neuro- logical disorders, in order to determine the extent to which it contributes to apoptosis and inflammation found in these conditions. Finally, our findings point towards enhancing microglial phagocytosis as a novel therapeutic strategy to control tissue damage and inflammation, and accelerate recovery in brain diseases.

关键词： microglia phagocytosis apoptosis impairment epilepsy brain diseases neurodegeneration inflammation neuroinflammation

Recovery of brachial plexus injury after bronchopleural fistula closure surgery based on electrodiagnostic study:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第30期10卷 11090-11100页

作者： Young-In Go Da-sol Kim Gi-Wook Kim Yu Hui Won Sung-Hee Park Myoung-Hwan Ko Jeong-Hwan Seo Department of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation Jeonbuk National University Medical SchoolJeonju 54907South Korea Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University HospitalJeonju 54907South Korea

BACKGROUND Axillary thoracotomy and muscle flap are muscle-and nerve-sparing methods among the surgical approaches to bronchopleural fistula(BPF).However,in patients who are vulnerable to a nerve compression injury,nerve injury may *** this report,we present a unique case in which the brachial plexus(division level),suprascapular,and long thoracic nerve injury occurred after BPF closure surgery in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis and concomitant multiple joint *** SUMMARY A 52-year-old man with a history of ankylosing spondylitis with shoulder joint contractures presented with right arm weakness and sensory impairment immediately after axillary thoracotomy and latissimus dorsi muscle flap surgery for BPF *** the surgery,the patient was positioned in a lateral decubitus position with the right arm hyper-abducted for approximately 6 *** resonance imaging and ultrasound revealed subclavius muscle injury or myositis with brachial plexus(BP)compression and related *** electrodiagnostic study confirmed the presence of BP injury involving the wholedivision level,long thoracic,and suprascapular nerve *** was treated with medication,physical therapy,and ultrasound-guided *** steroid injection at the BP,hydrodissection with 5%dextrose water at the BP and suprascapular nerve,and intra-articular steroid and hyaluronidase injection at the glenohumeral joint were *** postoperative day 194,the pain and arm weakness were resolved,and a follow-up electrodiagnostic study showed marked *** Clinicians should consider the possibilities of multiple nerve injuries in patients with joint contracture,and treat each specific therapeutic target.

关键词： Brachial plexus Electrodiagnosis Physical therapy Surgical flaps Thoracotomy Case report

Effects of traditional Chinese herbal medicine San-HuangXie-Xin-Tang on gastrointestinal motility in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1117-1124页

作者： Min Woo Hwang Tae Seok Ahn Noo Ri Hong Han-sol Jeong Myeong Ho Jung Ki-Tae Ha Byung Joo Kim Department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 130-701South Korea School of Korean Medicine Pusan National UniversityYangsan 626-870South Korea

AIM: To investigate the effects of San-Huang-Xie-XinTang(SHXXT), a herbal product used in traditional Chinese medicine, on gastrointestinal(GI) motility in ***: The in vivo effects of SHXXT on GI motility were investigated by measuring the intestinal transit rates(ITRs) using Evans blue in normal mice and in mice with experimentally induced GI motility dysfunction(GMD).RESULTS: In normal ICR mice, ITRs were significantly and dose-dependently increased by SHXXT(0.1-1 g/kg). GMD was induced by injecting acetic acid or streptozotocin intraperitoneally. The ITRs of GMD mice were significantly reduced compared to normal mice, and these reductions were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by SHXXT(0.1-1 g/kg).CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SHXXT is a novel candidate for the development of a prokinetic agent that may prevent or alleviate GMD.

关键词： Gastrointestinal disorders San-Huang-XieXin-Tang M

Design of Mechanical Smoke Exhaust System in Large Space of Convention Center

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2017年第3期7卷 386-396页

作者： Jung-Yup Kim Chan-sol Ahn Multi Disaster Countermeasures Organization Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology Goyang Korea

The volumetric flow rate of smoke generated from the fire in large space often reaches to hundreds of thousands CMH because of extended floor height and as it’s more difficult to isolate the smoke to the limited area, comparing to normal-scale building, design and operation of effective smoke control system for large space is more than important. In this study, with the analysis model for such a large space as exhibition hall or conference room in conventional center, design of mechanical smoke exhaust system was conducted based on currently-available design standard which was then followed by numerical analysis of the design using 3D numerical analysis method. For conference room at 2.0 MW heat release rate, 99,173 CMH flow rate is required, if smoke layer is maintained at 60% of the floor height and for exhibition hall at 8.8 MW with 80% of floor height, flow rate required is 219,802 CMH, which are incorporated into the design. In view of 3D numerical analysis, accuracy of the design according to algebraic expression is sufficient.

关键词： Smoke Control Mechanical Exhaust System Large Space Convention Center Numerical Analysis

Design and Construction of a Pneumatic Temporary Immersion Bioreactor System for the Multiplication of <i>Ananas comosus</i>var. Trujillana Red

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第9期11卷 1429-1442页

作者： Richard solórzano-Acosta Marlene Guerrero-Padilla Departamento de Fitotecnia Facultad de Agronomía Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM) Lima Perú Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional de Trujillo Perú

The present work initially identified the design parameters of a temporary immersion bioreactor to later scale it to a complete system for the in vitro multiplication of Ananas comosus var. Trujillana Red. Thus, a low-cost pneumatic temporary immersion bioreactor system was designed and built with 24 tanks of 2 L each. The automation of the system was designed and implemented by means of a timer circuit whose design parameters were: duration of the propagation process, which depends on the multiplication period of the crop and is an open variable, which means that the operator decides when to turn off the system;the duration of each dive, which for reasons of complexity of the algorithm was standardized as one minute;immersion frequency, which was programmed for intervals of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 hours respectively and duration of aeration, which from a test run times of 0.20 were chosen, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 seconds that correspond to the time of delivery of compressed air;additionally, the multiplication rate of Ananas comosus var. Trujillana Red in the immersion system which was 6.5 times per propagative unit inoculated in thirty days.

关键词： Temporary Immersion Ananas comosus Bioreactors Micropropagation

Disruption of sensation-dependent bladder emptying due to bladder overdistension in a complete spinal cord injury:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第29期9卷 8946-8952页

作者： Ju-Yul Yoon Da-sol Kim Gi-Wook Kim Yu Hui Won Sung-Hee Park Myoung-Hwan Ko Jeong-Hwan Seo Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Jeonbuk National University Medical SchoolJeonju 54097JeonbukSouth Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Jeonbuk National University Medical SchoolKorea Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University−Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University HospitalJeonju 54097JeonbukSouth Korea

BACKGROUNDAutonomic dysreflexia (AD) can be a life-threatening condition in patients withspinal cord injury. It is important to prevent bladder overdistension in thesepatients as it may trigger AD. Sensation-dependent bladder emptying (SDBE), asa method of bladder management, improves the quality of life and allowsphysiologic voiding. In this study, we report disruption of the SDBE habit afterbladder overdistension leading to AD with chest *** SUMMARYA 47-year-old male with a diagnosis of C4 American Spinal Cord InjuryAssociation impairment scale A had been emptying his bladder using the cleanintermittent catheterization method with an itchy sensation in the nose as asensory indication for a full bladder for 23 years, and the usual urine volume wasabout 300-400 mL. At the time of this study, the patient had delayed catheterizationfor approximately five hours. He developed severe abdominal pain andheadache and had to visit the emergency room for bladder overdistension (800mL) and a high systolic blood pressure (205 mmHg). After control of AD, ahypersensitive bladder was observed despite using anticholinergic agents. Thesensation indicating bladder fullness changed from nose itching to pain in theabdomen and precordial area. Moreover, the volume of the painful bladder fillingsensation became highly variable and was noted when the bladder urine volumeexceeded only 100 mL. The patient refused intermittent clean catheterization Finally, a cystostomy was performed, which relieved the *** using physiologic feedback, such as SDBE, for bladder management arerecommended to avoid bladder overdistension.

关键词： Neurogenic bladder Sensation-dependent bladder emptying Spinal cord injury Autonomic dysreflexia Bladder overdistension Bladder management Case report