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α,β-amyrin, a natural triterpenoid ameliorates L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4272-4280页

作者： Caroline Mouro Melo Karine Maria Martins Bezerra Carvalho Julliana Catharina de Sousa Neves Talita Cavalcante Morais Vietla Satyanarayana Rao Flávia Almeida Santos Gerly Anne de Castro Brito mariana helena chaves Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Biomedical Institute of Brazilian Semiarid Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Department of Morphology Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Federal University of Piauí

AIM: To study the benef icial effects of triterpene α,β-amyrin and the underlying mechanisms in an experimental pancreatitis model. METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced in five groups of rats (n = 8) by L-arginine (2 × 2.5 g/kg, intraperitoneal, 1 h apart) and 1 h later, they received a single oral dose of α,β-amyrin (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg),methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) and vehicle (3% Tween 80). A saline (0.9% NaCl) treated group served as a normal control. Efficacy was assessed at 24 h by determination of serum levels of amylase, lipase and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6], pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)], nitrate/nitrite levels, and the wet weight/body weight ratio. Tissue histology and the immunoreactivity for TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) were performed. RESULTS: α,β-amyrin and methylprednisolone treatments significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated the L-arginine-induced increases in pancreatic wet weight/body weight ratio, and decreased the serum levels of amylase and lipase, and TNF-α and IL-6, as compared to the vehicle control. Also, pancreatic levels of MPO activity, TBARS, and nitrate/nitrite were signifi cantly lower. Histological f indings and TNF-α and iNOS immunostaining further confirmed the amelioration of pancreatic injury by α,β-amyrin. CONCLUSION: α,β-amyrin has the potential to combat acute pancreatitis by acting as an anti-in? ammatory and antioxidant agent.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis L-arginine Cytokines Lipid peroxidation α,β-amyrin

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Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Green Maize Planted in Conditions Brazilian Semiarid

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第6期5卷 498-503页

作者： Edvaldo Eloy Dantas Junior Lúcia helena Garófalo chaves Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande (DEAG/UFCG) Campina Grande Brazil Department of Technology Development Federal University of Campina Grande (DTEC/UFCG) Campina Grande Brazil

This study investigated the water use efficiency and yield for the production of green ears of corn subjected to irrigation with drip system and with potassium fertilizer levels in Sumé, Paraiba State, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized design with four replications in a split plot design with six water slides (0.25 ETcp, 0.50 ETcp, 0.75 ETcp, 1.00 ETcp, 1.25 ETcp and 1.50 ETcp) and six doses of potassium (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg·ha-1). The maize hybrid AG 1051 was mechanically sown on 13/01/2012 and the spikes in the green stage (doughy grains) were harvested 67 days after planting. Water consumption for producing one ton of maize cobs in the slides 132, 264, 396, 528, 660, and 792 mm of water within all treatments of potassium fertilization increased, indicating that the WUE decreases with the increasing amount of water applied via irrigation. Therefore, it was observed that the water use efficiency average was 61.76 mm·t-1 (2.02 kg·m3), i.e. for each m3 of water used 2.02 kg of ears of corn were produced with default. The application of 680.64 mm of water and 72.14 kg·ha-1 potassium maximized the yield of ears, resulting in the maximum yield of ears of 10.82 t·ha-1.

关键词： Potassium Drip Irrigation Productivity Zea mays L.

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Corn Production for Silage Subjected to Potassium Fertilization and Water Depths

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第4期7卷 671-676页

作者： Edvaldo Eloy Dantas Junior Lucia helena Garófalo chaves Josely Dantas Fernandes Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil State University of Paraíba Campina Grande Brazil

This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of water depths and potassium fertilizer levels on corn yield for silage. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a split-plot with six water depths based on crop potential evapotranspiration (ETcp) in levels: 0.25;0.50;0.75;1.00;1.25 and 1.50 ETcp, and six amounts of potassium, 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg·ha-1, in four replicates. The irrigation system was dripped. Before sowing was applied to the soil to nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fertilizers, corn was sown ten days after the fertilization using seeds from hybrid AG 1051. Manual harvesting of ears occurred 67 days after sowing. Production variables observed were fresh matter of plant with (FPMwiths) and without (FPMwithouts) the ears. The fresh matter of plant with and without the ears was influenced significantly by factors analyzed, the 1% level of probability by F test. The water depths in irrigation that maximized the physiological parameters of plants as FPMwiths and FPMwithouts were, respectively, 690 mm and 766.7 mm. The quantitative potassium to maximize physiological parameters of FMP with ears and FMP without ears was, respectively, 104.75 kg ha-1 and 52.1 kg ha-1.

关键词： Zea mays L. Irrigation Silage Plants

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Drip irrigated sunflower intercropping

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1816-1821页

作者： Abel Henrique Santos Gomes Lucia helena Garófalo chaves Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil

One of the difficulties in the implementation of agroenergy’s cropping is the growing area competition with subsistence crops. Few studies have been conducted to show the efficiency of intercropping between plants of energy’s potential with cultures of economic sustainability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intercropping sunflower cultivars with corn and beans, in the initial growth under localized irrigation. The experiment was conducted at the end of the year 2012, in an area of 950 m2, located in the Campus II-UEPB, Lagoa Seca, Paraíba. The irrigation system was managed based on the Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo), calculated by the Penmann-Monteith Method with data obtained locally. The experimental design was a randomized blocks factorial (2 × 4) × 3, with treatments combining two varieties of sunflower in four plantation systems: single or isolated, intercropped with maize, with bean and with caupi. Each plot consisted of four rows of sunflowers in spacing 0.3 × 0.7 m and length of 5 m, interspersed with rows of beans or corn, except in the isolated system. The central rows of sunflowers were used to measure the following growth characteristics: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf área. Data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and the means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The diversification of sunflower varieties promoted differences in initial growth, regardless of the cropping system. There was significant effect at 15 DAS, where the sunflower variety “Advanta CF101” had higher plants than the variety “Hélio 253” at 40 DAS;the variety “Hélio 253” had a stem diameter greater than the “Advanta CF101”.

关键词： Helliantus Annus Maize Hybrid 2B587 Bean Carioca BRS Cowpea IPA206 Plant Growth

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Effect of Mineral Fertilization and Irrigation on Sunflower Yields

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 870-879页

作者： Lucia helena Garófalo chaves Danila Lima Araujo Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra Walter Esfrain Pereira Federal University of Campina Grande Avenue Aprigio Veloso Campina Grande Brazil Federal University of Paraiba Campus II Areia Brazil

Among the cultures used for the production of biofuels, the sunflower is one of the most important. Although some information exists, the water and nutritional needs of sunflower in the north east of Brazil are not well known. To fill knowledge gaps, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) fertilization and available soil water (ASW) on sunflower yields. The sunflower cultivar Embrapa 122-V2000 was subjected to 44 treatments on a completely randomized design generated by the Baconian Matrix with four rates of N (0, 60, 80 and 100 kg·ha-1), four rates of P2O5 (0, 80, 100 and 120 kg·ha-1), four rates of K2O (0, 80, 100 and 120 kg·ha-1), and four available soil water (ASW) levels (55%, 70%, 85% and 100%) replicated three times. Urea was used as a source of N, triple super phosphate as P and potassium chloride as K. In all the experimental units was applied 2 kg·B·ha-1 as boric acid. The components of production evaluated were dry matter of the head, total number of achenes, total achenes’ weight and 1000 achenes’ weight. The results of this research showed that nitrogen had a significant effect on the dry matter of the head, total number of achenes and total achenes’ weight. Phosphorus affected all production components and potassium affected the total number and the weight of achenes. With the exception of the 1000 achenes’ weight, all the production components of the sunflower increased with the increased ASW level influenced significantly at 0.01 level of probably the total number of achenes. The highest rates of N, P and K (100, 120 and 120 kg·ha-1, respectively) and 100% of available soil water produced the highest production.

关键词： Water Fertilizers Yields Oil Plants Seeds

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Bentonite Effects on Zinc Concentration in Plants Irrigated with Wastewater

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2433-2444页

作者： Gilvanise Alves Tito Lúcia helena Garófalo chaves Francisco De Assis Santos e Silva Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina GrandeCampina GrandeBrazil Department of Food Engineering Federal University of Campina GrandeCampina GrandeBrazil

A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the effect of bentonite on zinc concentrations in radish and corn irrigated with wastewater. The experimental units were plastic pots with a capacity of 5 kg and 14 kg for radish and corn, respectively. The soil was mixed with increasing doses of bentonite equivalent to 0,?30,?60 and 90 t·ha-1. The plants were irrigated with poor quality water with a concentration of 5 mg·L-1?Zn. On the occasion of the harvest of radish and corn, that is, at 30 and 60 days after the emergence, respectively, the plants were separated in aerial part and roots, dried in a forced circulation oven, weighed and ground for analysis of zinc in the plant tissues. After these analyzes, the translocation factor (TF), the translocation index (TI), the bioaccumulation in the plant (BFP) and in the root (BFR) were calculated. According to the conditions of this research, the incorporation of bentonite to the soil irrigated with water of inferior quality favored the development of radish and corn;allowed the retention of the Zn metal in the soil, reducing the concentrations of this metal in the root of the radish and in the aerial part of the corn;decreased the transfer of zinc from the soil to the plants under study.

关键词： Heavy Metals Corn Radish Remediation Clay Translocacao Bioaccumulation

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Using Poultry Litter Biochar and Rock Dust MB-4 on Release Available Phosphorus to Soils

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1367-1374页

作者： Jacqueline da Silva Mendes Lúcia helena Garófalo chaves Iêde de Brito chaves Francisco de Assis Santos e Silva Josely Dantas Fernandes Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Federal University of Paraiba Areia Brazil State University of Paraiba Lagoa Seca Brazil

Highly weathered soils in areas from Brazil are acidic soils, typically characterized by poor fertility, particularly with low soil phosphorus level. This laboratory experiment was carried out to evaluate the influences of biochar, made from the poultry litter and MB-4, rock dust from grinding of silicate rocks in increasing the available soil phosphorus on Ultisol, Oxisol and Entisol. Thus, one experiment involving soils incubation was conducted in laboratory, during 100 days. The treatments consisted of rock powder, MB-4 and poultry litter, biochar, evaluated by the base saturation method, with correction levels from 40% to 80% for Ultisol and Entisol and from 20% to 80% for Oxisol and three replicates. After the incubation period, the soil samples were analyzed in relation to available phosphorus in the soil. The results of this study confirmed that the biochar prepared from the poultry litter through slow pyrolysis was a potential source of phosphorus, particularly to weathered soils. Biochar released phosphorus into the soils. The biochar could be used in the improvement of available phosphorus for the three soils analyzed. During the incubation period, 100 days, the application of increasing doses of MB-4 in soils there was no improvement in the available soil phosphorus. MB-4 was not a source of phosphorus to the soil in a short term.

关键词： Soil Amendment Biochar Poultry Litter Phosphorus Rock Dust

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Macronutrients Omission in the Growth of Cotton, BRS Topázio Cultivar Grown in Nutritious Solution

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2345-2357页

作者： Felipe Guedes De Souza Lucia helena Garófalo chaves Allan Nunes Alves Jorge Alves De Souza Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraiba State Brazil Department of Education Federal University of Campina Grande Paraiba State Brazil

With the objective to determine the probable causes of the appearance of abnormalities in BRS Topázio cotton plants, a greenhouse experiment was carried out per subtraction, in which nutrients were omitted: N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, totalizing 21 experimental units. The omission of N, P, K and Ca in the nutrient solution reduced the biometric characteristics of the cotton crop, with K and Ca being the most affected by these characteristics. The visual symptoms in cotton plants are seen with more severity in the lack of K, P, K Ca and Mg elements. The omission of S did not affect the development of the plants.

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum L. Nutritional Deficiency Visual Diagnosis

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Growth and Production of Crambe Submitted to Doses of Nitrogen and Potassium

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第1期7卷 8-16页

作者： Ramara Sena de Souza Lúcia helena Garófalo chaves Josely Dantas Fernandes Ana Carolina Feitosa de Vasconcelos Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil State University of Paraiba Campus II Lagoa Seca Brazil

The dependence on non-renewable fuels of countries around the world increased the interest for the gradual replacement of fossil fuels with renewable ones. Thus, several development programs for the use of renewable sources for power generation have been created and, in this perspective, biofuels have been highlighted. Crambe is an alternative crop for the production of biodiesel due to its rusticity, precocity, high oil content and adaptability to different climates. Optimum management practices of fertilizer use in crambe cultivation are little known and there are no specific recommendations for its fertilization. Therefore, the objective of this research was to study the effects of mineral fertilizers concerning the nitrogen and potassium elements in the growth and production of crambe. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse, with a completely randomized design. Nitrogen doses used were 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg·ha-1and 50, 75, 100 to 125 kg·ha-1 for potassium. The increase in production was directly proportional to the increase in nitrogen levels. The potassium doses did not cause significant effect on the growth of crambe.

关键词： Biofuels Fertilization Crambe abyssinica N K

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Dry Matter Production and Nutritional Status of Sunflower Grown in Nutrient Solution under Macronutrient Omission

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第11期9卷 1479-1486页

作者： Allan Nunes Alves Felipe Guedes de Souza Lúcia helena Garófalo chaves Ana Carolina Feitosa de Vasconcelos Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of omission of macronutrients on dry matter production and on the nutritional status of sunflower cv. BRS 122. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in randomized blocks, with seven treatments corresponding to the Hoagland & Arnon standard solution (1950) and the individual omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, in three replicates. After 50 days of sowing, the dry matter and the nutritional status of the plants were evaluated. The omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S limited the dry mass production of sunflower cv. BRS 122 in relation to the complete solution, besides causing nutritional imbalance due to the interaction between the nutrients. The omission of the macronutrients K, Ca, and Mg caused the higher imbalances in the plants, highlighting the elevated N contents in these treatments comparing to the complete solution.

关键词： Helianthus annuus Nutritional Diagnosis Omission of Nutrients

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