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Floral biology and pollination mechanisms of four Mexico-endemic Fuchsia species with contrasting reproductive systems

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 123-135页

作者： Clementina González Anai alvarez-Baños Eduardo Cuevas CONACYT-Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoAv.San Juanito Itzícuaro s/nCol.Nueva EsperanzaMorelia Michoacán 58330México Facultad de Biología Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoAv.Francisco J.Mújica S/NCiudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacán 58030México Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología Universidad de SevillaApartado 109541080 SevillaSpain

Aims The evolution of the outstanding variation of reproductive systems in angiosperms has been considered an important driver of line-age *** related hermaphroditic and dioecious species with biotic pollination provide the opportunity to study and compare traits related to pollinator attraction and their con-sequences on reproductive components.A higher predictability of pollination syndromes is expected in dioecious species,which are dependent on pollinators,than in self-compatible hermaphroditic *** species may suffer pollen limitation depending on the quality of floral rewards and the kind and abundance of pollina-tors,whereas no pollen limitation is expected in hermaphroditic spe-cies with autonomous ***,in the absence of pollen limitation,more or better seeds are expected in dioecious species,according to the sexual specialization *** In natural populations of the hermaphroditic Fuchsia fulgens and Fuchsia arborescens and dioecious Fuchsia parviflora and Fuchsia obconica,all endemic to Mexico,we first described flower phenol-ogy,flower production and longevity and nectar volume and ***,we evaluated the correspondence between floral visitors and pollination *** hermaphrodite plants,we determined the level of herkogamy and the potential for autonomous ***,we evaluated the effect of pollen limitation on fruit set and seed number and assessed seed germination for all *** Findings In contrast to our prediction,dioecious species did not show a higher correspondence between pollination syndromes and floral visitors than did hermaphrodites;however,male flowers exhib-ited a higher correspondence than female *** pollen limitation was detected in dioecious species,for which visitation rate did not differ between male and female *** her-maphroditic *** showed pollen limitation for seed number,despite the presence of auto

关键词： dioecy herkogamy hermaphroditism pollen limitation pollination syndromes

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Late traumatic flap dislocation seven years after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 862-865页

作者： María T.alvarez Andrea Montesel Laurent Bataille Cataract and Refractive Surgery Department VISSUM Research and Development Department VISSUM

Dear Editor,I would like to report a case of late traumatic flap dislocation seven years after uncomplicated femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(Femto-LASIK).Postoperative laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)flap dislocation occurs in approximately 1%-2%of patients,and the greatest risk of non-traumatic flap shift occurs within the first post-operative day after the surgery,presumably as a result of a mechanical trauma[1-3].

关键词： LASIK Figure Femto

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Liver transplantation is beneficial regardless of cirrhosis stage or acute-on-chronic liver failure grade:A single-center experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第40期28卷 5881-5892页

作者： Eduardo Cervantes-alvarez Mario Vilatoba Nathaly Limon-de la Rosa Osvely Mendez-Guerrero David Kershenobich Aldo Torre Nalu Navarro-alvarez PECEM Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico City 14080Mexico Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Department of Trasplant Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Department of Molecular Biology Universidad Panamericana School of MedicineMexico City 03920Mexico Department of Surgery University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusDenverCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation for the most critically ill remains controversial;however,it is currently the only curative treatment *** To assess immediate posttransplant outcomes and compare the short(1 year)and long-term(6 years)posttransplant survival among cirrhotic patients stratified by disease *** We included cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation between 2015 and 2019 and categorized them into compensated cirrhosis(CC),decompensated cirrhosis(DC),and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).ACLF was further divided into severity *** primary outcomes of interest were total days of intensive care unit(ICU)and hospital stay,development of complications and posttransplant survival at 1 and 6 *** 235 patients underwent liver transplantation(CC=11,DC=129 and ACLF=95).Patients with ACLF had a significantly longer hospital stay[8.0(6.0-13.0)vs CC,6.0(3.0-7.0),and DC 7.0(4.5-10.0);P=0.01]and developed more infection-related complications[47(49.5%),vs CC,1(9.1%)and DC,38(29.5%);P<0.01].Posttransplant survival at 1-and 6-years was similar among groups(P=0.60 and P=0.90,respectively).ACLF patients stratified according to ACLF grade[ACLF-1 n=40(42.1%),ACLF-2 n=33(34.7%)and ACLF-3 n=22(23.2%)],had similar ICU and hospital stay length(P=0.68,P=0.54),as well as comparable frequencies of overall and infectious posttransplant complications(P=0.58,P=0.80).There was no survival difference between ACLF grades at 1 year and 6 years(P=0.40 and P=0.15).CONCLUSION Patients may benefit from liver transplantation regardless of the cirrhosis *** patients have a longer hospital stay and frequency of infectious complications;however,excellent,and comparable 1 and 6-year survival rates support their enlisting and transplantation including those with ACLF-3.

关键词： Liver transplantation Acute-on-chronic liver failure Prognosis Survival analysis Critical care

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Case study approach to modeling historical disinfection by-product exposure in Iowa drinking waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 183-190页

作者： Stuart W.Krasner Kenneth P.Cantor Peter J.Weyer mariana Hildesheim Gary Amy Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Water Quality La Verne CA 91750 USA National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination(CHEEC) University of Iowa Coralville IA 52242 USA Medical Research Solutions LLC Montgomery Village MD 20886 USA College of Engineering Computing and Applied SciencesClemson University Clemson SC 29631 USA

In the 1980 s, a case–control epidemiologic study was conducted in Iowa（USA） to analyze the association between exposure to disinfection by-products（DBPs） and bladder cancer risk. Trihalomethanes（THMs）, the most commonly measured and dominant class of DBPs in drinking water, served as a primary metric and surrogate for the full DBP *** THM exposure was calculated, based on rough estimates of past levels in Iowa. To reduce misclassification, a follow-up study was undertaken to improve estimates of past THM levels and to re-evaluate their association with cancer risk. In addition, the risk associated with haloacetic acids, another class of DBPs, was examined. In the original analysis, surface water treatment plants were assigned one of two possible THM levels depending on the point of chlorination. The re-assessment considered each utility treating surface or groundwater on a case-by-case basis. Multiple treatment/disinfection scenarios and water quality parameters were considered with actual DBP measurements to develop estimates of past levels. The highest annual average THM level in the re-analysis was156 μg/L compared to 74 μg/L for the original analysis. This allowed the analysis of subjects exposed at higher levels（〉 96 μg/L）. The re-analysis established a new approach, based on case studies and an understanding of the water quality and operational parameters that impact DBP formation, for determining historical exposure.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Trihalomethanes Haloacetic acids Exposure assessment Epidemiology Bladder cancer

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The use of remote sensing to detect the consequences of erosion in gypsiferous soils

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 383-392页

作者： Maria Jose Marques Ana alvarez Pilar Carral Blanca Sastre Ramón Bienes Geology and Geochemistry Department Autonomous University of MadridCalle Francisco Tomás y Valiente728040MadridSpain Department of Applied Research and Agrarian Extension IMIDRAFinca El Encín.Carretera A-2Km 38.8.Alcaláde Henares28800MadridSpain

Tillage practices on sloping ground often result in unsustainable soil losses impairing soil functions such as crop productivity,water and nutrients storage,and soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration.A sloping olive grove(10%)was planted in shallow gypsiferous soils in *** was managed by minimum tillage;the most frequent management practice in central *** consequences of erosion were studied in soil samples(at 0-10,10-20,and 20-30 cm depths)by analyzing SOC,available water and gypsum content,and by detecting spectral signatures using an ASD FieldSpecPro(R)VIS/*** Brightness index(BI),Shape index(FI),and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)were derived from the ASD spectral signatures and from remote sensing(Sentinel-2 image)*** development of these young olive trees was estimated from the measured diameter of the trunks(17±18 cm diameter).In 20-30 cm of the soil,the carbon stock(38±18 Mg ha-1)as well as the available water content(12±6%)was scarce,affecting the productivity of the olive *** above-mentioned indices obtained from the laboratory samples and the pixels of the Sentinel-2 image were significantly(p<0.01)correlated,with a correlation coefficient of around *** BI was related to the gypsum content and the slope of the *** FI was related to the carbon and water *** NDVI derived from the satellite image identified the influence of soil degradation on the trees and the carbon *** spatialtemporal changes of the indices might help in tracking soil changes over time.

关键词： Tillage Erosion NDVI Gypsum Remote sensing Soil color

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Phenomenological Based Soft Sensor for Online Estimation of Slurry Rheological Properties

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2019年第5期16卷 696-706页

作者： Jenny L.Diaz C. Diego A.Munoz Hernan alvarez Research Group of Dynamic Processes Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede MedellínFacultad de Minas.Cra 80Medellín 65-223Colombia Mathematical Optimization of Processes Centro de Ciencia BásicaUniversidad Pontificia BolivarianaCircular 1Medellín 70-01Colombia

This work proposes a soft sensor based on a phenomenological model for online estimation of the density and viscosity of a slurry flowing through a pipe-and-fittings assembly(PFA). The model is developed considering the conservation principle applied to mass and momentum transfer and considering frictional energy losses to include the variables directly affecting slurry properties. A reported proposal for state observers with unknown inputs is used to develop the first block of the observer structure. The second block is constructed with two options for evaluating slurry viscosity, generating two possible estimator structures, which are tested using real data. A comparison between them indicates different uses and capabilities according to available process information.

关键词： Soft sensor phenomenological based semi-physical model non-Newtonian fluids unknown input observer slurry flow

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A review of feed efficiency in swine:biology and application

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 369-377页

作者： John F.Patience mariana C.Rossoni-Seräo Nestor A.Gutiérrez Department of Animal Science Iowa State University

Feed efficiency represents the cumulative efficiency with which the pig utilizes dietary nutrients for maintenance, lean gain and lipid accretion. It is closely linked with energy metabolism, as the oxidation of carbon-containing components in the feed drive all metabolic processes. While much is known about nutrient utilization and tissue metabolism, blending these subjects into a discussion on feed efficiency has proven to be difficult. For example, while increasing dietary energy concentration will almost certainly increase feed efficiency, the correlation between dietary energy concentration and feed efficiency is surprisingly low. This is likely due to the plethora of non-dietary factors that impact feed efficiency, such as the environment and health as well as individual variation in maintenance requirements, body composition and body weight. Nonetheless, a deeper understanding of feed efficiency is critical at many levels. To individual farms, it impacts profitability. To the pork industry, it represents its competitive position against other protein sources. To food economists, it means less demand on global feed resources. There are environmental and other societal implications as well. Interestingly, feed efficiency is not always reported simply as a ratio of body weight gain to feed consumed. This review will explain why this arithmetic calculation, as simple as it initially seems, and as universally applied as it is in science and commerce, can often be misleading due to errors inherent in recording of both weight gain and feed intake. This review discusses the importance of feed efficiency, the manner in which it can be measured and reported, its basis in biology and approaches to its improvement. It concludes with a summary of findings and recommendations for future efforts.

关键词： Caloric efficiency Energy Feed efficiency Residual feed intake Swine

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CLONING AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF TWO SATELLITE RNAs FROM CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS P1 ISOLATE

CLONING AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF TWO SATELLITE RNAs FROM CUC...

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作者： Sandra Perez alvarez 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

Cucumber mosaic virus （CMV） is a type member of the genus Cucumovirus. CMV have divided genomes consisting of three positive single-strands RNAs and a subgenomic RNA 4, which is generated by transcription from RNA 3 and serves as messenger RNA for the viral capsid protein. Some isolates of CMV contain abundant amounts of a small RNA （satellite RNA）, which is dependent on viral genomic RNA for its replication and spread, and has no appreciable nucleotide sequence similarity with the viral RNA. CMV can infect over 800 species of plants and is an economically important pathogen of field-grown vegetables in many areas of the world. In this study, the original cucumber mosaic virus （CMV） PI isolate has been caused very mild symptoms on many plant species, after serial passages of inoculation in 5 years, it was found that CMV P1 caused moderate symptoms on several tobacco cultivars and tomato. The dsRNA purification product were used for electrophoresis in agarose gel and the result show that the amount of satellite RNA is much higher than genomic RNAs and subgenomic RNA. Primers were synthesized based on reported CMV satellite RNA sequences, and a specific band of approximately 350 bases in length was found. In cloning and screening we found more than 20 white clones and only two were selected for sequence analysis. CMV PI sat-1 was 100% homology with a sequence reported in 1995, and the other one （CMV PI sat-2） was a new satellite. CMV P1 sat-1 is a mild satellite with about 335nt and CMV PI sat-2 is a new satellite （necrotic satellite） with 394nt, it is not a mutation from CMV P1 sat-1 because there are several deletions. The two satellites shared about 90% sequence homology. The two sequenced satellite RNAs have at least one open reading frame （ORF）. CMV P1 sat-1 share an ORF starting at nucleotide 11 and terminating at nucleotide 169. CMV P1 sat-2 has an ORF starting at residue 369 and terminating at residue 394, a second one s

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Expanding in the Chinese Market An Effective Marketing Strategy for Spanish Wine Firms

Expanding in the Chinese Market An Effective Marketing Strat...

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作者： Elena Guillen alvarez 杭州电子科技大学

学位级别：硕士

China is one of the fastest-growing wine markets in the *** businesses from major wine-producing countries have been focusing on this *** is the third larger wine producer worldwide and due to a drop in its local consumption resulting in a huge oversupply,has targeted China as an export ***,the market share and reputation of Spanish wines has not been as good as expected,its wine is often associated by the Chinese consumers as cheap,low quality or bulk,which does not represent the reality of these *** companies have neither understood the Chinese market very well,nor efficiently set up their strategies to approach *** study aims to help Spanish wine companies to improve performance and overcome the problems that they are currently facing in the Chinese wine *** recommendations and an effective marketing strategy are provided at the end of the *** following the strategic planning theories,the study presents an analysis of the Spanish wine industry in China,where the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats are identified through the external and internal analysis and gathered in the SWOT *** study reveals that Chinese do not use wine for daily consumption,instead they use it for gifts or assert position,they lack of ability of distinguish or appreciate the real quality of wine and the country of origin of this spirit influence the consumer’s purchasing ***,it is of vital importance for Spanish companies to focus in compete with image,appearance,and perception instead of price or quality,promote the "Spain" brand and Invest in educating the consumers about wine,so they can appreciate quality in the future.A combination of premium price,high-class promotion and high-end distribution channel ensuring the online market,as well as the expansion in cities of second and third level,is an effective strategy.

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Visual classification of feral cat Felis silvestris catus vocalizations

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 331-339页

作者： Jessica L. OWENS mariana OLSEN Amy FONTAINE Christopher KLOTH Arik KERSHENBAUM Sara WALLER Cooperative Predator Vocalization Consortium South Daytona FL 32119 Department of Philosophy Montana State University Bozeman MT 59717 Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata CA 95521 Department of Philosophy University of Nevada Reno NV 89503 USA Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3E J UK

Cat vocal behavior, in particular, the vocal and social behavior of feral cats, is poorly understood, as are the differences between feral and fully domestic cats. The relationship between feral cat social and vocal behavior is important because of the markedly different ecology of feral and domestic cats, and enhanced comprehension of the repertoire and potential information content of feral cat calls can provide both better understanding of the domestication and socialization process, and improved welfare for feral cats undergoing adoption. Previous studies have used conflicting classi- fication schemes for cat vocalizations, often relying on onomatopoeic or popular descriptions of call types （e.g., ＂miow＇）. We studied the vocalizations of 13 unaltered domestic cats that complied with our behavioral definition used to distinguish feral cats from domestic. A total of 71 acoustic units were extracted and visually analyzed for the construction of a hierarchical classification of vocal sounds, based on acoustic properties. We identified 3 major categories （tonal, pulse, and broadband） that further breakdown into 8 subcategories, and show a high degree of reliability when sounds are classified blindly by independent observers （Fleiss＇ Kappa K= 0.863）. Due to the limited behavioral contexts in this study, additional subcategories of cat vocalizations may be identified in the future, but our hierarchical classification system allows for the addition of new categories and new subcategories as they are described. This study shows that cat vocalizations are diverse and complex, and provides an objective and reliable classification system that can be used in future studies.

关键词： bioacoustics communication socialization spectrograms.

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