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Candidate genes underlying QTL for flowering time and their interactions in a wide spring barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) cross

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 862-872页

作者： Ana M.Casas Carlota R.Gazulla Arantxa Monteagudo Carlos P.Cantalapiedra marian moralejo MPilar Gracia Francisco J.Ciudad William T.B.Thomas Jose L.Molina-Cano Scott Boden Bruno Contreras-Moreira Ernesto Igartua Department of Genetics and Plant Production Aula Dei Experimental Station(EEAD-CSIC)Avda Montanana 1005E-50059 ZaragozaSpain University of Lleida-AGROTECNIO Center Avda.Rovira Roure 19125198 LleidaSpain Instituto de Tecnologia Agraria Junta de Castilla y LeonITACyLP.O.Box 17247071 ValladolidSpain The James Hutton Institute InvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries(UdL-IRTA) Avda Rovira Roure 19125198 LleidaSpain John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UHUK Fundacion ARAID calle Maria de Luna 1150018 ZaragozaSpain Present address:Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)and Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Madrid 28223Spain Present address:School of Agriculture Food and WineWaite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSA 5064Australia Present address:The European Bioinformatics Institute(EMBL-EBI) Wellcome Trust Genome CampusHinxtonUK

Response to vernalization and photoperiod are the main determinants controlling the time to flowering in temperate cereals. While the individual genes that determine a plant's response to these environmental signals are well characterized, the combinatorial effect on flowering time of allelic variants for multiple genes remains unresolved. This study investigated the genetic control of flowering-time in a biparental population of spring barley, derived from a wide cross between a late-flowering European and an early-flowering North-American cultivar. While the major flowering time genes are not segregating in the Beka ×Logan cross, large variation in flowering was observed. We identified five QTL, with both parents found to contribute early alleles. The catalog of QTL discovered aligns with several candidate genes affecting flowering time in barley. The combination of particular alleles at HvCEN, HvELF3 and HvFT1 in Logan are responsible for the earliness of this cultivar. Interestingly, earliness for flowering could be further enhanced, with Beka found to contribute three early alleles, including a QTL colocating with a HvFD-like gene, suggesting that there are diverse aspects of the flowering-time pathway that have been manipulated in these two cultivars. Epistatic interactions between flowering-time QTL or candidate genes were observed in field data and confirmed under controlled conditions. The results of this study link photoperiod-dependent flowering-time genes with earliness per se genes into a single model, thus providing a unique framework that can be used by geneticists and breeders to optimize flowering time in barley.

关键词： Barley Flowering HvELF3 HvCEN HvFT1

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Diffusion of ions in an electrostatic stochastic field and a space-dependent unperturbed magnetic field

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第1期22卷 1-14页

作者： marian NEGREA Department of Physics Association Euratom-MEd C Romania University of CraiovaA.I.Cuzastr.13200585 CraiovaRomania

We calculate the diffusion coefficients for ions moving in a prescribed electromagnetic *** field is considered to he a superposition of an electrostatic stochastic field and a space-dependent and sheared magnetic *** have considered as parameters involved in the calculation of the diffusion coefficients the shear ion Kubo number the electrostatic Kubo number *** parallel shear ion Kubo number and the parallel thermal ion Kubo number A geometrical parameter which is the measure of the product of the stochastic perpendicular correlation length and the gradient in the magnetic field strength(see definitions in the text)is found not to he important in our *** results concerning the diffusion coefficients obtained in our model are in agreement with experimental data and with those corresponding to other models,and the neoclassical and anomalous values for the diffusion coefficients arc obtained.

关键词： magnetic field turbulence diffusion

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Solar flares: radio and X-ray signatures of magnetic reconnection processes

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第7期14卷 753-772页

作者： marian Karlicky Astronomical Institute Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic251 65 OndrejovCzech Republic

This review summarizes new trends in studies of magnetic reconnection in solar flares. It is shown that plasmoids play a very important role in this primary flare process. Using the results of magnetohydrodynamic and particle-in-cell simulations, we describe how the plasmoids are formed, how they move and interact, and how a flare current sheet is fragmented into a cascade of plasmoids. Furthermore, it is shown that during the interactions of these plasmoids electrons are not only very efficiently accelerated and heated, but electromagnetic（radio） emission is also *** also describe possible mechanisms for the triggering of magnetic *** relevant X-ray and radio signatures of these processes（such as radio drifting pulsation structures, narrowband dm-spikes, and the loop-top and above-the-loop-top X-ray sources） are then described. It is shown that plasmoids can also be formed in kinked magnetic ropes. A mapping of X-points of the magnetic reconnection on the chromosphere（as e.g. a splitting of flare ribbons） is mentioned. Supporting EUV and white-light observations of plasmoids are added. The significance of all these processes for the fast magnetic reconnection and electron acceleration is outlined. Their role in fusion experiments is briefly mentioned.

关键词： Sun: flares -- Sun: radio radiation -- Sun: X-rays

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Structure of Zhou Nil-clean Rings

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Algebra Colloquium 2018年第3期25卷 361-368页

作者： Huanyin Chen marian Sheibani Department of Mathematics Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China Women's University of Semnan (Farzanegan) Semnan Iran

A ring R is Zhou nil-clean if every element in R is the sum of two tripotents and a nilpotent that commute. Homomorphic images of Zhou nil-clean rings are explored. We prove that a ring R is Zhou nil-clean if and only if 30 ∈ R is nilpotent and R/30R is Zhou nil-clean, if and only if R/BM（R） is 5-potent and BM（R） is nil, if and only if J（R） is nil and R/J（R） is isomorphic to a Boolean ring, a Yaqub ring, a Bell ring or a direct product of such rings. By means of homomorphic images, we completely determine when the generalized matrix ring is Zhou nil-clean. We prove that the generalized matrix ring Mn（R; s） is Zhou nil-clean if and only if R is Zhou nil-clean and s ∈ J（R）.

关键词： tripotent nilpotent homomorphic images generalized matrix rings Zhou nil-clean rings

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Directions of changes of hard coal output technologies in Poland

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Mining Science and Technology 2011年第1期21卷 1-5页

作者： Turek marian Central Mining Institute 40-166 KatowicePoland

The author presents the results being the effect of the analysis of innovative rate of individual technologies applied in opening up,development and extraction works which was carried out within the project:"scenarios of technological development of hard coal extractive industry".After presentation of opening up,development and extraction technologies that are applied in Polish hard coal industry and their classification with regard to innovation degree the author describes those technologies in a detailed *** brings attention to the most effective systems for hard coal deposits’ opening up,development and their extraction,including the extraction of the residual *** attention is also paid to the safety level of the applied technologies.

关键词： Development Technologies Mechanisation Manridng Materials transport

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BIOMIMETIC ARCHITECTURE AS A NEW APROACH FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS THROUGH SMART BUILDING MATERIALS

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第4期10卷 73-86页

作者： marian Azmy Nessim Housing and Building Research Center 87 Tahrir St.GizaEgypt-***

INTRODCTION As skin wraps our body,building envelopes wraps buildings and therefore acts and performs the functions that the skin performs,especially in thermoregulating the building which results in decreasing the energy *** objective of this paper is to establish a building envelope as a living envelope able to control the heat in buildings the same way that nature does with our skin,without the use of electricity or mechanical elements,and hence decrease energy consumption and its devastating effect on the *** objective can be reached by using suitable smart building material and integrating it into the architectural design of the *** methodology and objectives of this paper are as follows:*** the global warming problem,its consequences,and the role of the building sector in this *** Biomimicry in architecture and its potential to decrease the share of the building sector’s role in global *** a smart building material that would allow the building envelope to perform the same as human skin and review the reasons for its *** of the selected building material in a case study and perform a thermal analysis simulation.

关键词： global warming greenhouse gases biomimicry biomimetic smart building materials shape memory polymers

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Soil Stabilizing Capability of Three Plant Species Growing on the Three Gorges Reservoir Riverside

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 888-896页

作者： Norbert Tenten 曾波 marian Kazda Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Southwest China University Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology Ulm University

Plant regrowth capacity and soil protection were investigated using three flooding-tolerant Yangtze River riverside species （Arundinella anomala, Hemartria compressa and Cynodon dactylon）. The root and leaf surface growth, the plant regrowth capacity and the mitigation of soil runoff were analyzed using potted plants that were covered with 5, 10 and 18 cm new sediments, respectively. A. anomala reacted most slowly to the recovery from new sediments, while H. compressa had the highest recovery rates. The latter could produce 24 times the initial root length and 41 times its original leaf surface during the growth period of 12 weeks. C. dactyion showed no significant change in growth in relation to the rising sediment thickness, which means that even 18 cm of new sediments were tolerated by C. dactylon. Erosion tests showed that all three plant species can reduce the soil runoff by more than 63%. Compared to other species, A. anomala was less capable of stabilizing new sediments. The soil protecting abilities of H. compressa decreased after more than 10 cm of new sediments. C. dactyion showed the best soil retention compared to the other species examined, since it could reduce the soil runoff up to 87%. Consequently, C. dactylon was found to be significantly better for soil-protection plant species than A. anomala and H. compressa given the conditions at the Three Gorges Reservoir.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir plant regrowth capacity soil runoff soil stabilizing plantgrowth.

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Synthesis and stability evaluation of hierarchical silicoaluminophosphates with different structural frameworks in the methanol to olefins process

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Particuology 2018年第2期16卷 43-53页

作者： Seyed Hesam Mousavi Shohreh Fatemi marian Razavian School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran P.O. Box 11365 4563 TehranIran

Silicoaluminophosphates （SAPOs） with different pore structures were synthesized through the implementation of polyethylene glycol （PEG） as a mesopores impregnation agent. Using PEGs with different molecular weights （MWs） and concentrations in the synthesis precursor, several samples were synthesized and characterized. Applying a PEG capping agent to the precursors led to the formation of tuned mesopores within the microporous matrix of the SAPO. The effects of the PEG molecular weight and PEG/Al molar ratio were investigated to maximize the efficiency of the catalyst in the methanol-to-olefin （MTO） process. Using PEG with a MW of 6000 resulted in the formation of both Zeolite Rho and chabazite structural frameworks （i.e., DNL-6 and SAPO-34）. Pure SAPO-34 samples were successfully prepared using PEG with a MW of 4000. Our results showed that the PEG concentrations affect the porosity and acidity of the synthesized materials. Furthermore, the SAPO-34 sample synthesized with PEG （MW of 4000） and a PEG/Al molar ratio of 0.0125 showed a superior catalytic stability in the MTO reaction owing to the tuned bi-modal porosity and tailored acidity pattern. Finally, through reactivation experiments, it was found that the catalyst is stable even after several regeneration cycles.

关键词： Hierarchical SAPO-34 PEG Mesoporosity DNL-6 zeolite MTO process Catalytic stability

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Numerical micro-texture optimization for lubricated contacts-A critical discussion

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Friction 2022年第11期10卷 1772-1809页

作者： Max marian Andreas ALMQVIST Andreas ROSENKRANZ Michel FILLON Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago 690411Chile Division of Machine Elements LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden Department of Chemical Engineering Biotechnology and MaterialsFCFMUniversity of ChileSantiago 8370456Chile Institut Pprime CNRSUniversity of PoitiersPoitiers Cedex TSA 4112386073France

Despite numerous experimental and theoretical studies reported in the literature,surface micro-texturing to control friction and wear in lubricated tribo-contacts is still in the trial-and-error *** tribological behaviour and advantageous micro-texture geometries and arrangements largely depend on the contact type and the operating *** scale implementation is hampered by the complexity of numerical *** substantiates the urgent need to numerically design and optimize micro-textures for specific *** these aspects have not been covered by other review articles yet,we aim at summarizing the existing state-of–the art regarding optimization strategies for micro-textures applied in hydrodynamically and elastohydrodynamically lubricated *** analysis demonstrates the great potential of optimization strategies to further tailor micro-textures with the overall aim to reduce friction and wear,thus contributing toward an improved energy efficiency and sustainability.

关键词： micro-texturing hydrodynamics elastohydrodynamics tribo-simulation optimization

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Numerical modelling of the hybrid rocket engine performance

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Propulsion and Power Research 2021年第1期10卷 15-22页

作者： marian Gieras Aleksander Gorgeri a Institute of Heat Engineering Warsaw University of TechnologyWarsaw00-665Poland Łukasiewicz Research Network e Institute of Aviation Warsaw02-256Poland

The purpose of this paper is to present method of the numerical modeling of the hybrid rocket engine's work as a tool for designing engines of this *** model is intended as an accurate and simple to use development tool for use in preliminary design stages of hybrid rocket engines,improving the effectiveness and quality of this *** assumptions underlying the use of a model are presented,together with an analysis of past work in this *** of an extensive experimental campaign are presented and compared with the results of numerical modelling in order to calibrate the proposed model and evaluate its ***eter variation and optimization were conducted,proving functionality of the ***sented numerical calculations show that the adopted approach to reduce the analysis time and complexity was *** method of numerical calculation of hybrid engine working parameters combines aspects of accuracy and simplicity at the early design stage to avoid timeconsuming and costly changes in subsequent detailed stages of design.

关键词： Hybrid rocket engine Combustion Multi-phase flow Regression Specific impulse

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