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Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils against Common Hospital Fungi Species

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第10期4卷 801-807页

作者： maria Dolores Masia Silvia Deidda grazia maria Deriu Bianca maria Are Mario Chessa Giacomo Petretto Marzia Foddai Giorgio Maida Giorgio Pintore Andrea Piana Department of Biomedical Sciences Hygiene and Preventive Medicine University of Sassari Sassari Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Sassari Sassari Italy

Introduction: In hospitals and other healthcare settings the presence of airborne and sedimented fungi is an extrinsic risk factor for opportunistic infections involving both immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised persons. In hospitalized patients, it is estimated that 9% of hospital-acquired infections are caused by fungi. Lethality rate varies from 40% to 100% depending on the immunosuppression degree of stakeholders. To prevent healthcare-associated infections, the control of environmental fungal contamination through use of sanitizing/disinfecting practices is basic. However, the widespread use of common disinfectants could promote the growth of antibiotic-resistant superbugs and cause environmental harm. These aspects stimulated the search of new antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Mentha insularis Req., Mentha pulegium L., Mentha requienii Bentham, Artemisia caerulescens L. ssp. densiflora (Viv), Rosmarinus officinalis L. var. albiflorus, Rosmarinus officinalis L. var. lavandulescens, and Ocotea puchury major Mart. against fungi species frequently found in hospitals and potentially responsible for opportunistic mycoses. Methods: The essential oils’ antifungal activity was carried out by agar disc diffusion technique. Results: All tested essential oils are effective, though to a different degree, against both molds that yeasts assessed. The major antifungal activity was showed by Mentha oils. Particularly, Mentha requienii and Mentha insularis oils were active until 1:8 dilution against Rhodotorula spp. and 1:16 dilution against mixed molds, while M. pulegium was strongly active until 1:2 against both fungi. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, few or no data are available in literature on the activity of essential oils against hospital environmental isolates of fungi. Results suggest their potential application in sanitation procedures of the hospital, and in general, of the “ca

关键词： Hospital Environment Opportunistic Mycoses Essential Oils Antifungal Activity

Sustainable Discoloration of Textile Chromo-Baths by Spent Mushroom Substrate from the Industrial Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2010年第2期1卷 85-94页

作者： Simona Di Gregorio Francesco Balestri maria Basile Valentina Matteini Francesco Gini Stefania Giansanti maria grazia Tozzi Riccardo Basosi Roberto Lorenzi 不详

Synthetic dyes are recalcitrant to degradation and toxic to different organisms. Physical-chemical treatments of textile wastewaters are not sustainable in terms of costs. Biological treatments can be more convenient and the lig-nin-degrading extracellular enzymatic battery of basidiomycetes are capable to discolor synthetic dyes. Many basidi-omycetes are edible mushrooms whose industrial production generates significant amount of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) with residual high levels of lignin-degrading extracellular enzymatic activities. We have demon-strated that the low cost organic substrate, the SMS deriving from the cultivation of the basidiomycetes Pleurotus ostreatus, is able to discolor anthraquinonic, diazo and monoazo-dyes when incubated in dying chromo-reactive and chromo-acid baths containing surfactants and anti-foams, where the concentrations of the different dyes are exceeding the one recovered in the corresponding wastewaters. Laccase was the lignin-degrading extracellular enzyme involved in the discolouring process. The exploitation of the low cost SMS in the treatment of textile wastewaters is proposed. Accordingly, a toxicological assessment, based on a cyto-toxicity test on a human amnion epithelial cell line (WISH) and the estimation of the germination index (GI%) of Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativus and Sorghum bicolor, has been performed, showing the loss of toxicity of the chromo-baths after being discoloured by the SMS.

关键词： Anthraquinonic Dye Diazo Dye Laccase Monoazo Dye White Rot Fungi Spent Mushroom Substrate

Estrogens and the pathophysiology of the biliary tree

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第22期12卷 3537-3545页

作者： Domenico Alvaro maria grazia Mancino Paolo Onori Antonio Franchitto Gianfranco Alpini Heather Francis Shannon Glaset Eugenio Gaudio Division of Gastroenterology University of Rome "La Sapienza"RomeItaly University of Rome "La Sapienza"Polo PontinoLatinaItaly Division of Gastroenterology University of Rome "La Sapienza"RomeItaly Department of Experimental Medicine Section of Human and Clinical Anatomy State University of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly Department of Anatomy University of Rome "La Sapienza" RomeItaly Department of Medicine The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of Medicine Scott & White HospitalTempleTX 76504United States ResearchCentral Texas Veterans Health Care SystemScott & White HospitalTempleTX 76504United States Systems Biology and Translational MedicineThe Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of MedicineTX 76504United States Division of R&E Scott & White Hospital TempleTX 76504United States Eugenio Gaudio Department of Anatomy University of Rome "La Sapienza"RomeItaly

有关不同纸巾上的雌激素效果的科学框架在最后十年期间极其膨胀了，当时雌激素受体(嗯) 子类型被识别。雌激素是不仅必要的因为雌性生殖系统，而且他们也包括心血管系统，骨头，大脑和肝在另外的纸巾控制基本功能。最近，在他们调制 cho... 详细信息

有关不同纸巾上的雌激素效果的科学框架在最后十年期间极其膨胀了，当时雌激素受体(嗯) 子类型被识别。雌激素是不仅必要的因为雌性生殖系统，而且他们也包括心血管系统，骨头，大脑和肝在另外的纸巾控制基本功能。最近，在他们调制 cholangiocytes 的增生的和分泌活动的地方，雌激素被显示了指向胆汁的树，上皮细胞衬里胆汁管。由在两雌激素受体(ER-alpha ) 并且(上扮演嗯贝它) 子类型，并且由激活 genomic 或 non-genomic 小径，雌激素在生长因素和 cytokines 的复杂的环起一个关键作用，它调制 cholangiocytes 的增生的反应损坏。明确地，雌激素激活细胞内部的发信号的串联[英皇家空军之阶级最低之兵( 1/2 )(细胞外的调整家族 ases ( 1/2 )，PI3- kinase/AKT (phosphatidylinositol-3' kinase/AKT )]典型地代表象象生长因素( IGF1 )一样的胰岛素那样的生长因素，神经生长因素( NGF )和脉管的内皮生长因素( VEGF )，因此加强他们的行动。另外，雌激素在增殖的 cholangiocytes 刺激不同生长因素的分泌物。这评论明确地处理与雌激素处于正常、病理学的条件由调制 cholangiocyte 功能的角色和机制有关的最近的进展。

关键词：雌激素病理生理学胆疾病胆管癌

Management of hepatitis C infection before and after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第15期21卷 4447-4456页

作者： Stefano Fagiuoli Roberto Ravasio maria grazia Lucà Anna Baldan Silvia Pecere Alessandro Vitale Luisa Pasulo Gastroenterology and Transplant Hepatology Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital PHarm ES Milano Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgical Unit Padua University Hospital

Chronic hepatitis C(CHC) is the most common indication for liver transplantation(LT). Aggressive treatment of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection before cirrhosis development or decompensation may reduce LT need and risk of HCV recurrence post-LT. Factors associated with increased HCV risk or severity of recurrence include older age, immunosuppression, HCV genotype 1 and high viral load at LT. HCV recurrence post-LT leads to accelerated liver disease and cirrhosis development with reduced graft and patient survival. Currently, interferon(IFN)-based regimens can be used in dualagent regimens with ribavirin, in triple-agent antiviral strategies with direct-acting antivirals(e.g., protease inhibitors telaprevir or boceprevir), or before transplant in compensated patients to reduce HCV viral load to prevent or reduce the risk of post-LT recurrence and complications; they cannot be used in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. IFN-based regimens are used in less than half of HCV-infected patients waiting for LT due to extremely low efficacy and poor tolerability. However, antiviral therapy is indicated after LT in patients with histologically confirmed CHC despite tolerability issues. Improvements in side effect management have increased survival in patients achieving therapeutic targets. HCV treatment pre- and post-LT results in significant health care costs especially when lack of efficacy leads to disease worsening, although studies have shown sofosbuvir treatment before LT vs conventional post-LT dual antiviral is cost effective. The suboptimal efficacy and tolerability of IFN-based therapies, plus the significant economic burden, means the need for effective and well tolerated IFN-free antiHCV therapy for pre- and post-LT remains high.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Orthotopic liver trans plantation Interferon-free treatment Decompensated cirrhosis Chronic hepatitis C

Age-specific distribution of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) mucosal infection among young females

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011年第3期1卷 104-108页

作者： Annalisa Pieralli maria grazia Fallani Virginia Lozza Serena Corioni Manuela Longinotti Massimiliano Fambrini Carlo Penna 不详

The goal of our study was to describe the age-specific distribution of HPV genotypes and related disease among females under the age of 25 years. A prospective cohort study was carried out. We enrolled 85 young females aged 16 - 25 years (30 aged 16 - 19 and 55 aged 20 - 25 years) referred to our colposcopic unit after a repeated abnormal Pap smear result. Every patient underwent an HPV DNA testing, a colposcopy and eventually a cervical biopsy. Participants were proposed to follow-up or treatment on request. Treatment was performed by destructive or excisional laser CO2 therapy. Data were analyzed by Fisher’s Exact test. The overall prevalence of low-risk HPV amounted to 80% among 16 - 19-year-old girls, while the overall prevalence of high-risk HPV was 85.5% among 20 - 25-year-old patients. The univariate analysis of chosen characteristics of HPV-disease demonstrates the statistically significative difference of this infection between the two groups of age (P < 0.005). We observed a particular age-specific stratification of HPV genotypes and related disease, which appeared to be characterized by a cut-off at the age of 20 years. According to our data, cervical screening program in Italy seems to start later than the beginning of HPV-related pathology.

关键词： HPV Epidemiology Adolescents Genital Warts

Efficacy, risk factors and complications of endoscopic polypectomy: Ten year experience at a single center

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2364-2369页

作者： Pierluigi Consolo Carmelo Luigiano Giuseppe Strangio maria grazia Scaffidi Giuseppa Giacobbe Giovanna Di Giuseppe Agata Zirilli Luigi Familiari Department of Medicine and Pharmacology University Hospital "G. Martino" Via Consolare Valeria Messina 98100 Italy Department of Statistics University of Messina Messina 98100 Italy

AIM: To examine the efficacy and complications of colonoscopic resection of colorectal polypoid lesions. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 1354 polypectomies performed on 1038 patients over a ten- year period. One hundred and sixty of these were performed for large polyps, those measuring ≥ 20 mm. Size, shape, location, histology, the technique of polypectomy used, complications, drugs assumption and associated intestinal or extra intestinal diseases were analyzed. For statistical analysis, the Pearson χ2 test, NPC test and a Binary Logistic Regression were used. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 65.9 ± 12.4 years, with 671 men and 367 women. The mean size of polyps removed was 9.45 ± 9.56 mm while the size of large polyps was 31.5 ± 10.8 mm. There were 388 pedunculated and 966 sessile polyps and the most common location was the sigmoid colon (41.3%). The most frequent histology was tubular adenoma (55.9%) while for the large polyps was villous (92/160 -57.5%). Coexistent malignancy was observed in 28 polyps (2.1%) and of these, 20 were large polyps. There were 17 procedural bleeding (1.3%) and one perforation. The statistical analysis showed that cancer is correlated to polyp size (P < 0.0001); sessile shape (P < 0.0001) and bleeding are correlated to cardiac disease (P = 0.034), tubular adenoma (P = 0.016) and polyp ***: The endoscopic resection is a simple and safe procedure for removing colon rectal neoplastic lesions and should be considered the treatment of choice for large colorectal polyps. The polyp size is an important risk factor for malignancy and for bleeding.

关键词：结肠癌息肉切除术内窥镜风险因子

Antiviral therapy for hepatitis C: Has anything changed for pregnant/lactating women?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第12期8卷 557-565页

作者： Anna maria Spera Tarek Kamal Eldin grazia Tosone Raffaele Orlando Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Section of Infectious Diseases University of Naples Federico II

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) affects about 3% of the world'spopulation, with the highest prevalence in individuals under 40. The prevalence in pregnant women varies with geographical distribution(highest in developing countries). Prevalence also increases in sub-populations of women at high risk for blood-transmitted infections. HCV infection in pregnancy represents a non-negligible problem. However, most of the past antiviral regimens cannot be routinely offered to pregnant or breastfeeding women because of their side effects. We briefly reviewed the issue of treatment of HCV infection in pregnant/breastfeeding women focusing on the effects of the new direct-acting antivirals on fertility, pregnancy and lactation in animal studies and on the potential risk for humans based on the pharmacokinetic properties of each drug. Currently, all new therapy regimens are contraindicated in this setting because of lack of sufficient safety information and adequate measures of contraception are still routinely recommended for female patients of childbearing potential.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus infection Breastfeeding woman Antiviral therapy Pregnancy category Directacting an

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维纳科公园与国际雕塑创作营

雕塑 2019年第5期 68-71页

作者： maria grazia Collini 张金佳(翻译) 不详

维纳科公园位于意大利东北部弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区的一个小村庄.每年六月.这里都会聚集来自世界各地雕塑家,成为一个充满活力的雕塑创作空间,一个聚会、工作和交流的场所。由"II Faro"文化协会组织的弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚国际石雕创... 详细信息

维纳科公园位于意大利东北部弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚大区的一个小村庄.每年六月.这里都会聚集来自世界各地雕塑家,成为一个充满活力的雕塑创作空间,一个聚会、工作和交流的场所。由"II Faro"文化协会组织的弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚国际石雕创作营诞生于1998年,并于2019年举办了第22届。为什么在弗留利-威尼斯朱利亚区域举办这一活动呢?

关键词：雕塑创作朱利亚维纳雕塑家威尼斯公园石雕创作意大利

Low utility of plasma Nociceptin/orphanin FQ in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第29期12卷 4716-4720页

作者： Aldo Spadaro Antonino Ajello Carmelo Luigiano Carmela Morace maria Letizia Resta grazia Berlinghieri Salvatore Campo Claudio Scisca Angela Alibrandi Graziella D'arrigo Nunziata Alessi Oscar Ferraù maria Antonietta Freni Dipartimento Clinico Sperimentale di Medicina e Farmacologia Clinica Medica Pad.CAOUVia Consolare Valeria No.1Messina 98125Italy

瞄准：在肝细胞癌(HCC ) 的察觉的浆液 alpha-fetoprotein (alpha-FP ) 的用途是可疑的。nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ ) 的很高的传播层次，为新奇 opioid 受体的 ligand，最近在 HCC 被报导了。这研究的目的是在与肝肝硬化在病人产... 详细信息

瞄准：在肝细胞癌(HCC ) 的察觉的浆液 alpha-fetoprotein (alpha-FP ) 的用途是可疑的。nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ ) 的很高的传播层次，为新奇 opioid 受体的 ligand，最近在 HCC 被报导了。这研究的目的是在与肝肝硬化在病人产生的 HCC 的诊断估计血浆 N/OFQ 的角色。方法：血浆 N/OFQ 层次被 ELISA 在 58 个病人(28 HCC 和 30 肝肝硬化) 并且在 25 健康控制测量。价值被相关与临床并且实验室特征包括 alpha-FP。枪兵索引，寒风伊朗的银币相关系数，非参量的联合(NPC ) 测试和判别式逐步的分析被用于数据的统计评估。结果：nociceptin 的上面的正常限度是 122 pg/mL。在这上面的血浆层次截止与 HCC 在 21.4% 病人被发现，在 23.3% 那些与肝硬化并且在 8% 健康题目。200 ng/mL 与肝硬化那些与 HCC 并且在没有在 46.4% 病人被发现的 alpha-FP 浆液层次 > 。没有关联在 N/OFQ 层次和任何东西之间被发现临床并且实验室特征，包括 alpha-FP。由 NPC 测试， HCC 和肝脏硬化症的病人关于 alpha-FP 是不同的(P = 0.000 ) 然而并非以 nociceptin (P = 0.595 ) 。由点寒风伊朗的银币关联， HCC 存在断然与 alpha-FP 被相关(rpb = 0.52， P = 0.000 ) 然而并非与 N/OFQ (rpb = 0.16， P = 0.157 ) 。在判别式分析， alpha-FP 在 Wilks 测试是重要的(Y =-0.709 + 0.03 alpha-FP ) 并且适当地分类 81% 所有病人和 61% HCC。N/OFQ 比 alpha-FP 有更低的敏感，特性和预兆的价值。结论：Nociceptin 与长期的肝疾病在病人被增加，独立于 HCC 的存在，尽管内在的机制还得被澄清。我们断定它不是为 HCC 的一个有用标记。

关键词：等离子体诊断方法肝细胞癌病理机制