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Subterranean termites （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae）： exploitation of equivalent food resources with different forms of placement

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Insect Science 2012年第3期19卷 412-418页

作者： Juliana Toledo Lima Ana maria Costa-Leonardo Departamento de Biologia Instituto de BiocienciasUNESP-Univ Estadual PaulistaRio Claro-SPBrazil

Coptotermes gestroi and Heterotermes tenuis have been described as important urban pests in Brazil. The establishment of control technologies using baits that consider the social behavior of termites requires a better knowledge of their foraging behavior. Thus, this study analyzed the feeding behavior of these species with three different forms of food placement： food on the surface of a substrate and food either partially or completely buried in the substrate. experimental arenas were composed of a central chamber connected to three food chambers. each central chamber contained 550 foragers of C. gestroi or 517 foragers of 11. tenuis. Blocks of Pinus elliottii were placed in the different food chambers. After 28 days, the consumption of each wood block and the percentage of foraging individuals recruited for food chambers were verified in relation to the total survival rate obtained for each one of the 20 replicates. Results showed that completely buried food was most consumed for H. tenuis and presented a higher recruitment rate of workers and soldiers for both species. Although the consumption had non-significant differences for C. gestroi, these termites exhibited a tendency to prefer completely buried food. In these conditions, it can be concluded that the forms of food placement used in the present research influenced the recruitment of individuals for both species. Data also suggests that when the foraging subterranean termites find food resources in the tunneling substrate, they tend to concentrate their efforts on it, a behavior regime that reduces exposure to external environment.

关键词： Coptotermes gestroi feeding behavior foraging behavior Heterotermes tenuis

SARS-CoV-2 triggers Dickkopf-1(Dkk-1)modulation of T helper cells and lung pathology in mice

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 9-12页

作者： Yifan Wu Freedom M.Green Stephen A.Shaw Lauren J.Bonilla Shannon e.Ronca maria elena Bottazzi Farrah Kheradmand Jill e.Weatherhead Department of Pathology&Immunology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pediatrics One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA National School of Tropical Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Molecular Virology&Microbiology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX77030USA Biologyof Inflammation Center Baylor College of MedicineOne BaylorPlazaHoustonTX77030USA Michael e.DeBakey VA Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases HoustonTX 77030USA

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCov-2)is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)*** viral infections like SARS-CoV-2,a robust anti-viral type 1 immune response,including upregulation of type 1 CD4+T helper cells(Th1),is required for effective viral clearance while minimizing end-organ pathology and collateral tissue damage.

关键词： pathology acute respiratory

Improving wellbeing of community-dwelling people with mild cognitive impairment: the SeNIOR (System of Nudge theory based ICT applications for OldeR citizens) project

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 963-966页

作者： Davide maria Cammisuli Giada Pietrabissa Gianluca Castelnuovo Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences The University of Milan(La Statale)MilanItaly Psychology Research Laboratory Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico Auxologico InstituteMilanItaly Department of Psychology Catholic University of the Sacred HeartMilanItaly

Population aging with longer life expectancy represents one of the most relevant challenges of the next future,also because of a significant proportion of older adult people may present with *** senior citizens with mild cognitive impairment to maintain their independence and functional abilities,improve health status and quality of life as well as social interactions,constitutes the main target of preventive *** to a nudge theoretical approach,the SeNIOR(System of Nudge theory based ICT applications for OldeR citizens)project–developed thanks to the collaboration among Catholic University of the Sacred Heart,Bicocca University and IRCCS Auxiologico Institute in Milan(Italy)–has been designed to adopt an advanced information and communication technology coaching system able to collect and integrate physiological,psychological and behavioral data,with the final aim of interacting with community-dwelling elderly people suffering from mild cognitive impairment and of providing them personalized feedback on lifestyle *** SeNIOR project proposes to use a smart-watch app for alerting family doctors,sharing information with family members in specific cases and monitoring patients at higher risk in hospital Units,in order to ameliorate health of senior citizens with mild cognitive impairment.

关键词： community older adult people information and communication technology mild cognitive impairment nudge theory smart watches

Cytochrome P450 endoplasmic reticulumassociated degradation(eRAD): therapeutic and pathophysiological implications

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第1期10卷 42-60页

作者： Doyoung Kwon Sung-Mi Kim maria Almira Correia Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158-2517USA Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158-2517USA Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158-2517USA The Liver Center University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158-2517USA

The hepatic endoplasmic reticulum(eR)-anchored cytochromes P450(P450s)are mixedfunction oxidases engaged in the biotransformation of physiologically relevant endobiotics as well as of myriad xenobiotics of therapeutic and environmental relevance.P450 eR-content and hence function is regulated by their coordinated hemoprotein syntheses and proteolytic *** P450 proteolytic turnover occurs through a process known as eR-associated degradation(eRAD)that involves ubiquitindependent proteasomal degradation(UPD)and/or autophagic-lysosomal degradation(ALD).Herein,on the basis of available literature reports and our own recent findings of in vitro as well as in vivo experimental studies,we discuss the therapeutic and pathophysiological implications of altered P450 eRAD and its plausible clinical *** specifically(i)describe the P450 eRAD-machinery and how it may be repurposed for the generation of antigenic P450 peptides involved in P450 autoantibodypathogenesis in drug-induced acute hypersensitivity reactions and liver injury,or viral hepatitis;(ⅱ)discuss the relevance of accelerated or disrupted P450-eRAD to the pharmacological and/or toxicological effects of clinically relevant P450 drug substrates;and(ⅲ)detail the pathophysiological consequences of disrupted P450 eRAD,contributing to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)under certain synergistic cellular conditions.

关键词： Cytochromes P450 endoplasmic reticulumassociated degradation CHIP e3 ubiquitin ligase gp78/AMFR e3 ubiquitin ligase JNK1 AMPK1 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Fluidized and vibrofluidized shallow beds of fresh leaves

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Particuology 2011年第2期9卷 139-147页

作者： Renata de Aquino Brito Lima maria do Carmo Ferreira Drying Center of Pastes Suspensions and SeedsChemical Engineering DepartmentFederal University of S o Carlos

The fluid dynamics behavior of shallow fluidized and vibrofluidized beds operating with fresh leaves was investigated with the aim of exploring drying applications in a modified conveyor belt （MCB） system, which may be operated in a fixed- or fluidized-bed mode. Leaves of the specimens Duranta repens, Schinus molle, Coleus barbatus, Buxus sempervirens, and Bougainvillea spectabilis were tested with a range of sphericities from 0.063 to 0.213, bulk densities from 0.038 to 0.251 g/cm3, apparent densities from 0.52 to 0.97 g/cm3 and ratios of total surface area to volume from 21 to 224 cm-1. Fluidization characteristic curves were obtained by measuring pressure drops versus air velocity in a rectangular column of 0.20 m - 0.11 m cross section. It was not possible to reach real fluidized regimes with the leaves due to strongly non-homogeneous beds. Nevertheless, the characteristic curves allowed for the identification of a transition regime from fixed- to expanded-beds, and parameters such as air velocity and pressure drop obtained from the experimental data at the transition were reproducible for specimens with lower surface area or lower specific gravity （i.e., Duranta repens, Schinus molle, and Bougainvillea spectabilis）. The transition velocity and pressure drop could not be predicted by the literature developed for estimat- ing minimum fluidization conditions. The use of vibration at dimensionless vibration parameters （Γ） of 0.5 and 1.0 helped to reduce channeling and decrease the transition velocities from fixed to expanded regimes although it did not affect the pressure drops after the bed expansion. The results suggest that drying fresh leaves using the MCB dryer operating in a fluidized mode would not be feasible because none of the materials investigated attained a high-quality fluidization. Operation of the MCB dryer may be pos- sible by alternating between the fixed and vibrofluidized modes. For the specimens tested, the drying should be performed in a range

关键词： LeavesLow-sphericity particlesPressure dropsFluidizationVibration

Tocotrienol isoforms:The molecular mechanisms underlying their effects in cancer therapy and their implementation in clinical trials

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 1-11页

作者： maria Younes Ghady Loubnane Christopher Sleiman Sandra Rizk Department of Natural Sciences Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon

Tocotrienols are found in a variety of natural sources,like rice bran,annatto seeds and palm oil,and have been shown to have several health-promoting properties,particularly against chronic diseases such as *** incidence of cancer is rapidly increasing around the world,not only a result of continued aging and population growth,but also due to the adoption of aspects of the Western lifestyle,such as high-fat diets and low-physical *** literature provides strong evidence that tocotrienols are able to inhibit the growth of various cancers,including breast,lung,ovarian,prostate,liver,brain,colon,myeloma and pancreatic *** findings,along with the reported safety profile of tocotrienols in healthy human volunteers,encourage further research into these compounds’potential use in cancer prevention and *** current review provided detailed information about the molecular mechanisms of action of different tocotrienol isoforms in various cancer models and evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of different vitamin e analogues on important cancer hallmarks,such as cellular proliferation,apoptosis,angiogenesis and ***/PubMed and Scopus databases were used to identify recently published articles that investigated the anticancer effects of vitamin e derivatives in various types of cancer in vitro and in vivo along with clinical evidence of adjuvant chemopreventive *** an overview of pre-clinical studies,we describe several completed and ongoing clinical trials that are paving the way for the successful implementation of tocotrienols in cancer chemotherapy.

关键词： Vitamin e Tocotrienols Cancer Molecular mechanism Clinical trials

Benefits of Biochars and NPK Fertilizers for Soil Quality and Growth of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) in an Acid Arenosol

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 311-333页

作者： Rogerio Borguete Alves RAFAeL maria Luisa FeRNANDeZ-MARCOS Stefania COCCO maria Letizia RUeLLO Flavio FORNASIeR Giuseppe CORTI Department of Rural engineering Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Maputo 257 (Mozambique) Department of Agriculture Food and Environmental Sciences Univ er sit a Politecnica delle Marche Ancona 60131 (Italy) Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Lugo 27002 (Spain) Department of Materials Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning Universita Politecnica delle Marche Ancona 60131 (Italy) Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed enologia Gorizia 34170 (Italy) Instituto de Biodiv ersidade Agraria e Desenvolvimento Rural Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Lugo 27002 (Spain)

Fertilization is required for optimum plant growth, particularly in unfertile soils, while optimizing nutrient use effciency is an alternative to reduce inorganic fertilizer needs and reduce environmental problems caused by nutrient leaching. This study investigated soil properties and cowpea yield responses to biochars(BCs) made from different feedstocks, baby corn peel biochar(BC1), branches of mango tree biochar(BC2), and rice husk biochar(BC3), applied in combination with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium(NPK) *** experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using an acid sandy soil(Arenosol) that was submitted for 70 d to the following eight treatments: i) control;ii) full dose of NPK(a commercial compound fertilizer(12-24-12 of N-P2O5-K2O)+ urea(46% N));iii) BC1+ half dose of NPK;iv) BC1 + full dose of NPK;v) BC2 + half dose of NPK;vi) BC2 + full dose of NPK;vii) BC3 + half dose of NPK;and viii) BC3 + full dose of NPK. All biochars were applied at a rate of 0.9%(weight/weight), and each type of biochar was combined with half and full doses of NPK fertilizers. Soil pH increased significantly(P eatments with BC1 and BC2,while cation exchange capacity(CeC) and available P were higher in the treatments with BC1;BC1 and BC2 also induced higher activity of enzymes related to the P cycle and higher cowpea yield. Similar soil properties and cowpea yield parameters were obtained with the full and half doses of NPK fertilizers for each type of biochar used. In conclusion, biochars in the combination with NPK fertilizers improved soil chemistry and enzymatic activities, allowing reduced fertilizer application and food production costs in the acid soil studied.

关键词： acid soil nutrient use effciency organic amendment plant growth potential enzyme activity soil fertility soil pH

Perspective on ultramicroporous carbon as sulphur host for Li-S batteries

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2021年第8期30卷 242-256,I0006页

作者： Helen maria Joseph Maximilian Fichtner Anji Reddy Munnangi ASTUTe 2020 College of EngineeringSwansea UniversityFabian WaySA18EN SwanseaUnited Kingdom Helmholtz Institute Ulm(HIU)electrochemical energy Storage Helmholtzstraße 1189081 UlmGermany Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyP.O.Box 3640D-76021 KarlsruheGermany College of engineering Swansea UniversityFabian WaySA18EN SwanseaUnited Kingdom

Lithium-sulphur(Li-S)batteries are currently considered as next-generation battery *** is an attractive positive electrode for lithium metal batteries,mainly due to its high capacity(1675 m Ah g^(-1))and high specific energy(2600 Wh kg^(-1)).The electrochemical reaction of lithium with sulphur in non-aqueous electrolytes results in the formation of electrolyte soluble intermediate *** dissolved polysulphides shuttle to the anode and get reduced at the anode resulting in Li metal *** solubility of polysulphide gradually reduces the amount of sulphur in the cathode,thereby limiting the cycle life of Li-S *** strategies have been proposed to improve the cycling stability of Li-S batteries.A unique approach to eliminate the polysulphide shuttle is to use ultramicroporous carbon(UMC)as a host for *** pore size of UMC which is below 7A,is the bottleneck for carbonate solvents to access sulphur/polysulphides confined in the pores,thereby preventing the polysulphide *** perspective article will emphasise the role of UMC host in directing the lithiation mechanism of sulphur and in inhibiting polysulphide dissolution,including the resulting parasitic reaction on the lithium ***,the challenges that need to be addressed by UMC-S based Li-S batteries,and the strategies to realise high power density,high Coulombic efficiency,and resilient Li-S batteries will be discussed.

关键词： Lithium-sulphur batteries Ultramicroporous carbon Sulphur Cathode Composites

eastern Siberia permafrost transect(eSPT).A first stage:The Verkhoyansk Range part

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第6期20卷 1499-1507页

作者： Robert SYSOLYATIN Svetlana KALINICHeVA Alexander FeDOROV maria ROZHINA Melnikov Permafrost Institute Yakutsk 677010Russia

environmental and geomorphological processes in the mountainous areas of eastern Siberia is strongly conditioned by the thermal state of permafrost(permanently frozen ground).However,the scarce data about climate and weak of permafrost study have led to the unclarity of mountain permafrost condition in this *** increase in the mean annual air temperature over the past 50 years in the northeastern Siberia by various estimates is from 1.1℃to 3.3℃.So far,almost no information is available on the permafrost response to climatic changes in the *** Kolyma Route(around 2000 km length),connecting Yakutsk and Magadan that crosses 5 climatic types and more than 10 permafrost landscapes,so it seems a suitable path for establishing basic(reference)monitoring *** 12 target boreholes,on the first stage 5 boreholes up to 30 m in depth were drilled and instrumented for measuring temperature at sites adjacent to weather stations in the Verkhoyansk Range from 283 to 1288 m *** we present conception,purpose,and methods for permafrost study project with first preliminary results from the highest weather station of the east Siberia *** following research about geophysical investigations,permafrost landscape description,mapping and spatial modelling,numerical computing,physical modelling of permafrost thickness might be initiated by the eastern Siberia Permafrost Transect(eSPT)-project.

关键词： Ground temperature Mountain permafrost Temperature e monitoring Verkhoyansk Range Climate change.