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Water Quality of Aroeira River for Use in Irrigation of Vegetable Crops in the Northern Region of the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第10期4卷 797-805页

作者： Joao Victor Martins Antunes Robson Bonomo maria da penha piccolo ramos Marcelo Antonio Oliveira Institute of Biology State University of Campinas Campinas SP CEP 13083970 Brazil Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences Federal University of Espirito Santo S6o Mateus ES CEP 29932540 Brazil Department of Health Sciences Federal University of Espirito Santo S6o Mateus ES CEP 29932540 Brazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical, chemical and microbiological quality of the water of the Aroeira River in the city of Silo Mateus, northern region of Espirito Santo State, Brazil, from April 2012 to March 2013, for use in irrigation of vegetable crops. Five points were selected along the river for analysis of pH, chloride （mg/L C1-）, total hardness （mg/L CaCO3）, dissolved oxygen （mg/L O2）, ammoniacal nitrogen （mg/L N-NH3）, total iron （mg/L Fe）, phosphate/orthophosphate （mg/L PO43-）, turbidity （NTU）, acidity （mg/L CO2）, temperature （℃）, electrical conductivity （dS/m）, as well as microbiological and parasitological analyses. Only point l, located upstream of the points of domestic sewage discharges, is the closest to be considered suitable for use in irrigation of vegetable crop, demonstrating the possible risks to the health of populations who use water with sewage discharges in urban communities for irrigation of vegetable crops.

关键词： Contamination agriculture parasitic diseases coliforms sewage.

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Milk Production Practices on Family Farms Located North of the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2013年第11期3卷 920-926页

作者： maria da penha piccolo ramos Francisca Carvalho Nascimento Neta Claudia Lficia de Oliveira Pinto Luciana Oliveira de Farifia Universidade Federal do Esplrito Santo UFES Sao Mateus 29930380 Brazil lnstituto Capixaba de Assistencia Tecnica Pesquisa e Extensao Rural Sao Mateus 29930380 Brazil Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuaria de Minas Gerais Epamig Vigosa 36570000 Brazil Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana Unioeste Cascavel 85819110 Brazil

In Brazil, milk production is a key sector for income generation, tax collection and much of the milk produced comes from family farms. The present study was aimed to assess the conditions of milk production on 30 farms in the city of S~ Mateus, to the North of the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. data were obtained through questionnaires sent to producers according to the legislation of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture. The questions included type of milking, hygiene practices and health status of milkers, mastitis control and source and others. Milking was manually done in all farms, and only 40,0% of milkers washed their hands and forearms before milking, and 13.0% used antiseptic solutions after washing. None of the farms performed the pre-dipping and post-dipping procedures. Control of mastitis was not performed in 94.0% of the farms and none of them performed the CMT test. A high degree of non-conformity was observed in the family farms. These data demonstrate the need for training farmers in good agricultural practices. This would contribute to achieving better quality milk, and ensure the sustainability of the segment in the Northern region of the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil.

关键词： Family farming manual milking raw milk dairy products sustainability.

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Effects of Probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri Strains of Breast-Fed Infant in a Murine Model

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2014年第6期4卷 271-281页

作者： maria da penha piccolo ramos Joao Alexandre Tres Pancoto Iracilda Zeppone Carlos Rogeria Comastri deCastro Almeida danielle Cardoso Geraldo Maia Livia Carolina de Abreu Ribeiro Femanda Paulin Benzatti Luciana Rodrigues Cunha Aline Costa e Silva Celia Lucia de Luces Fortes Ferreira Departamento de Ciencias da Saude Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo S6o Mateus Espirito Santo CEP. 29.932-540 Brazil Laboratorio de Imunonologia Clinica Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas Araraquara Sao Paulo CEP: 14.801-902 Brazil Departamento de Ciencia dos Alimentos Universidade Federal da Bahia Eseola de Nutricao Salvador Bahia CEP. 40.110-160 Brazil Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Ouro Preto Minas Gerais CEP: 35.400-970 Brazil Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Vigosa Vigosa Minas Gerais CEP: 36.570-000 Brazil

The ingestion of probiotic lactic acid bacteria has been evaluated and noted that it has an effect on the balance of desirable microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. Lactobacillus gasseri demonstrates good survival in the gastrointestinal tract, and it has been associated with a variety of probiotic activities and roles, including the reduction of fecal mutagenic enzymes, the production of bacteriocins and the stimulation of macrophages immunomodulation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a pool of L. gasseri strains isolated from the feces of breastfed infants added in the human milk of healthy women. The milk was both pasteurized and unpasteurized, to verify the cell cytotoxicity of macrophages and to quantify the production of immunologic mediators such as IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, NO and oxygen intermediary compounds （H2O2）. The administration of raw human milk and pasteurized human milk to infants is a regular, encouraged practice in units of intensive therapy （UITs） and our present investigation verified the beneficial effect of addition of a pool of L. gasseri to pasteurized human milk （PHML）. Our results show that probiotic supplementation helped to maintain cell viability, reduced IL-6 and IFN-γ production and stimulated TNF-α, NO, H2O2, IL-4 production. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the addition of lactobacillus to human milk was not a determinant in the production of TNF-α. L. gasseri added to breast milk did not present a cytotoxic risk, and the addition ofL. gasseri to pasteurized milk of human milk bank would benefit newborns that depend on milk banks for the colonization of more desirable microbiota.

关键词： Probiotic human milk bank immunology Lactobacillus gasseri.

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