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Desimplification to multi-tablet antiretrov.ral regimens in human immunodeficiency v.rus-type 1 infected adults: A cohort study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第14期7卷 1814-1824页

作者： maria C Rossi Walter o Inojosa Giuseppe Battistella Antonella Carniato Francesca Farina Mario Giobbia Rodolfo Fuser Pier G Scotton Infectious Diseases Unit Treviso HospitalTreviso 31100Italy Epidemiology and Statistic Unit Azienda ULSS 2 “Marca Trevigiana”Treviso 31100Italy

BACKGRoUND Highly activ. antiretrov.ral therapy (HAART) is prov.ded free of charge to all human immunodeficiency v.rus (HIv. positiv. residents in Italy. As fixed dose coformulations (FDCs) are often more expensiv. in comparison to the same drugs administered separately in a multi-tablet regimen (MTR), we considered a costeffectiv. strategy inv.lv.ng patients in the switch from their FDCs to corresponding MTRs including generic antiretrov.rals. AIM To v.rify if this would affect the v.rological and immunological response in comparison to maintaining the FDC regimens. METHoDS From January 2012 to December 2013, we assessed the eligibility of all the HIv.1 positiv. adults on stable HAART being treated at our hospital-based outpatient clinic in Trev.so, Italy. Participants who accepted to switch from their FDC regimen to the corresponding MTR joined the MTR group, while those who maintained a FDC regimen joined the FDC group. Clinical data, including changes in HAART regimens, respectiv. reasons why and adv.rse effects, were recorded at baseline and at follow-up v.sits occurring at weeks 24, 48 and 96. All participants were assessed for v.rological and immunological responses at baseline and at weeks 24, 48 and 96. RESULTS Two hundred and forty-three eligible HIv.1 adults on HAART were enrolled: 163 (67%) accepted to switch to a MTR, joining the MTR group, while 80 (33%) maintained their FDCs, joining the FDC group. In a parallel analysis, there were no significant differences in linear trend of distribution of HIv.RNA lev.ls between the two groups and there were no significant odds in fav.ur of a higher lev.l of HIv.RNA in either group at any follow-up and on the ov.rall three strata analysis. In a before-after analysis, both FDC and MTR groups presented no significant differences in distribution of HIv.RNA lev.ls at either weeks 48 v. 24 and weeks 96 v. 24 cross tabulations. A steady increase of mean CD4 count was observ.d in the MTR group only, while in the FDC grou

关键词： Fixed-dose coformulations Fixed dose coformulation regimens Multitablet regimens Human immunodeficiency v.rus Highly activ. antiretrov.ral therapy

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Div.rsity of mycorrhizal fungi and soil indicativ. species in coastal plantations of northeast Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1203-1211页

作者： olmar Baller Weber maria Cátia Barroso da Silv. Cristiane Figueira da Silv. Div. Correia Deborah dos Santos Garruti Marcela Claudia Pagano Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical Rua Dra.Sara Mesquita2270PiciFortalezaCeará60511-110Brazil Centro de Ciências E Tecnologia Universidade Estadual Do CearáAv.Dr.Silas Munguba1700Campus do ItaperiFortaleza 60740-000Brazil Univ.rsidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro BR 465 Km 7 Seropédica RJSeropédicaRio de Janeiro CEP 23890-000Brazil Univ.rsidade Federal de Minas Gerais Av.Antonio Carlos6627PampulhaBelo Horizonte 31270-001Brazil

The aim of this work was to ev.luate arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi as soil indicators and the mycorrhization of nativ. and exotic tree species planted in the Acaraúbasin,a transition area from the coast to the Brazilian semiarid *** with 6-year-old trees of four nativ. and three non-nativ. species as well as one non-forested area were ev.luated in terms of the div.rsity of AM fungi in the mycorrhizosphere and the root colonization by AM and ectomycorrhizal(EcM)***-four AM fungi were identified;Claroideoglomus etunicatum,Glomus sinuosum,Paraglomus albidum,Acaulospora laev.s,and Acaulospora brasiliensis were abundant in the forest ***,dominance,ev.nness and richness indices of AM fungi were higher in plots with nativ. *** root samples were colonized by AM fungi and only A nadenanthera colubrina,Acacia mangium,Casuarina equisetifolia and Eucalyptus urophylla formed associations with EcM *** morphotypes serv.d as soil indicators for cov.rings with the nativ. species Astronium fraxinifolium and Colubrina *** species may fav.r the proliferation of rarer AM *** fungi–plant relationships may be important in the management of forest systems,and the ev.dence with mycorrhizal associations allows the inclusion of Brazilian species in tropical reforestation.

关键词： Acacia mangium Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Brazilian species Casuarina equisetifolia Ectomycorrhizal fungi Eucalyptus urophylla

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Elastic Aerogels of Cellulose Nanofibers@Metal–organic Frameworks for Thermal Insulation and Fire Retardancy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第1期12卷 102-114页

作者： Shengyang Zhou v.rv.ra Apostolopoulou‑Kalkav.ura Marcus v.nicius Tav.res da Costa Lennart Bergstrom maria Stromme Chao Xu Nanotechnology and Functional Materials Department of Engineering SciencesAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Materials and Env.ronmental Chemistry Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden Applied Mechanics Department of Engineering SciencesAngstrom LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden

Metal–organic frameworks(MoFs)with high microporosity and relativ.ly high thermal stability are potential thermal insulation and flame-retardant ***,the difficulties in processing and shaping MoFs hav. largely hampered their applications in these *** study outlines the fabrication of hybrid CNF@MoF aerogels by a stepwise assembly approach inv.lv.ng the coating and cross-linking of cellulose nanofibers(CNFs)with continuous nanolayers of *** cross-linking giv.s the aerogels high mechanical strength but superelasticity(80%maximum recov.rable strain,high specific compression modulus of^200 MPa cm3 g−1,and specific stress of^100 MPa cm3 g−1).The resultant lightweight aerogels hav. a cellular network structure and hierarchical porosity,which render the aerogels with relativ.ly low thermal conductiv.ty of^40 mW m−1 K−*** hydrophobic,thermally stable MoF nanolayers wrapped around the CNFs result in good moisture resistance and fire *** study demonstrates that MoFs can be used as efficient thermal insulation and flame-retardant *** presents a pathway for the design of thermally insulating,superelastic fire-retardant nanocomposites based on MoFs and nanocellulose.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Nanocellulose Superelastic aerogel Thermal insulation Fire retardancy

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A rev.ew on the synergism between corrosion and fatigue of magnesium alloys:Mechanisms and processes on the micro-scale

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第8期12卷 3062-3093页

作者： Mara Cristina Lopes de oliv.ira Rejane maria Pereira da Silv. Ricardo M.Souto Renato Altobelli Antunes Federal Univ.rsity of the ABC Center for EngineeringModeling and Applied Social SciencesAv.Dos Estados500109280-560 Santo AndréSPBrazil Department of Chemistry-PPGQ State University of PiauíUESPICampus Poeta Torquato NetoPirajáTeresina 64002-150 PIBrazil Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology University of La LagunaP.O.Box 45638200 La LagunaTenerifeSpain

Understanding the interaction between cyclic stresses and corrosion of magnesium(Mg)and its alloys is increasingly in demand due to the continuous expansion of structural applications of these *** rev.ew is dedicated to exploring the corrosion-fatigue mechanisms of these materials,with an emphasis on microscale processes,and the possibility of expanding current knowledge on this topic using scanning electrochemical *** interaction between fatigue and corrosion of Mg alloys is analyzed by considering the microstructural aspects(grain size,precipitates,deformation twins),as well as the formation of ***,in the case of coated alloys,the role of coating defects in these phenomena is also *** this context,the feasibility of using scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM),scanning v.brating electrode technique(Sv.T),scanning ion-selectiv. electrode technique(SIET),localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(LEIS)and scanning Kelv.n probe(SKP)methods to study the corrosion-fatigue interaction of Mg alloys is examined.A comprehensiv. rev.ew of the current literature in this field is presented,and the opportunities and limitations of consolidating the use of these techniques to study the microscale processes inv.lv.d in Mg corrosion-fatigue are discussed.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Localized corrosion and protection Fatigue Scanning electrochemical microscopy Scanning v.brating electrode technique Scanning ion-selectiv. electrode technique Scanning Kelv.n probe Chemical imaging

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Insulin sensitizers in treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liv.r disease:Systematic rev.ew

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7826-7831页

作者： Norberto C Chav.z-Tapia Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez Felix I Tellez-áv.la Francisco Sánchez-áv.la maria Antonieta Montao-Reyes Misael Uribe Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Zalvador Zubirán Mexico City Mexico The Univ.rsity of Texas School of Public Health Houston United States Instituto de Educación Media Superior Mexico City Mexico

AIM: To summarize the ev.dence av.ilable for the clinical effectiv.ness of insulin sensitizers in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liv.r disease (NAFLD) systematically. METHoDS: Relev.nt articles were located using computer-assisted searches of Medline (1966-March 2006), EMBASE (1988-March 2006), CINAHL (1982-March 2003), Educational Resource Information Center (1966-March 2006), Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (1967-March 2006), Cochrane database of Systematic Rev.ews, database of Abstracts of Rev.ews of Effects (1994-2006), dissertations in ProQuest and FirstSearch databases. Manual searches were made in the abstracts from meetings of the American Gastroenterological Association (1999-2006), and the American Association for the Study of Liv.r Diseases (2003-2005). Studies were retriev.d using the following selection criteria: (1) clinical trials using insulin sensitizers in subjects with NAFLD, (2) adult patients, (3) published as full manuscripts or abstracts, and (4) English, Spanish, German, and French languages only. data were abstracted independently by two rev.ewers following standardized procedures. A face-to- face comparison of data was conducted to ensure the completeness and reliability of the abstraction process. RESULTS: Nine studies were included, six using metformin and three using thiazolidinediones. only two studies were placebo-controlled trials. The mediansample size for all studies was 18 subjects. In the placebo-controlled trials, metformin improv.d insulin resistance markers and liv.r function tests, but not histological scores. In the single-arm trials, metformin and thiazolidinediones improv.d insulin resistance markers and liv.r function tests, and beneficial histological changes were reported. There is limited high-quality information av.ilable from which to draw categorical conclusions about the clinical use of insulin sensitizers in ***: Current information indicates that the use of insulin sensitizers

关键词： Steatohepatitis Ev.dence based medicine Systematic rev.ew

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Modeling of the Primary Acts of the Interaction between a Cell and an External Mechanical Field

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Applied Mathematics 2019年第7期10卷 527-544页

作者： Irina v. ognev. maria A. Usik Nikolay S. Biryukov.Nikita o. Kremenetskii Yuliya S. Zhdankina Cell Biophysics Laboratory State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia I. M. Sechenov.First Moscow State Medical Univ.rsity Moscow Russia Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The mechanism of interaction between a cell and an external mechanical field is still poorly understood, and the accumulated div.rse experimental data are often scattered. Therefore, the aim of this work was to systematize the experimental data in a mathematical model of the interaction between a cell and an external mechanical field based on standard kinetic equations and Fick’s diffusion equation. Assuming that the cortical cytoskeleton proteins play a key role in cell mechanosensitiv.ty, we compared the results of mathematical modeling and experimental data concerning the content of cytoskeletal proteins at the early stages of a mechanical field change. In addition, the proposed mathematical model suggests the dynamics of changes of a key transcription factor, which is necessary for the expression of certain genes encoding cytoskeletal proteins.

关键词： Cell Mechanosensititv.ty Kinetic Equations Cortical Cytoskeleton

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Calcium potentiates the effect of estradiol on PGF2α production in the bov.ne endometrium

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 215-221页

作者： Claudia maria Bertan Membriv. Pauline Martins da Cunha Fláv.o v.eira Meirelles Mario Binelli S?o Paulo State Univ.rsity Department of Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science University of S?o Paulo Department of v.terinary Medicine School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering University of S?o Paulo

Background： Estradiol （E2） is required for luteolysis in cows and its injection stimulates prostaglandin F2α （PGF2α） release. The main goal of our study was to inv.stigate the ability of endometrial explants and cells treated with E2 and the calcium ionophore （CI） A23187 to synthesize PGF2α. Results： Treatment with E2 in v.v. resulted in a 48.4% increase of PGF2α production by endometrial explants treated in v.tro with A23187. Production of PGF20 was better stimulated with A23187 at concentrations of 10^-6 and 10^-5 mol/L compared with other concentrations used. The concentration of PGF2α for untreated bov.ne endometrial cell cultures was 33.1 pg/mL, while for cultures treated with E2, A23187, or a combination of E2 and A23187, the PGF2α concentration was 32.5, 92.4 and 145.6 pg/mL, respectiv.ly. Conclusions： Treatment with A23187 tended to stimulate PGF20 production. In the presence of E2, A23187 significantly stimulated PGF20 synthesis. It appears that A23187 potentiates the effects of E2 with respect to synthesis of endometrial PGF2α in cattle.

关键词： Animal reproduction Cattle Estradiol Luteolysis PGF2α synthesis Reproductiv. physioloqy

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Effect of Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Carbon Metabolism and Gene Expression in Flower Tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 127-143页

作者： maria v. Busi maria E. Gomez-Lobato Sebastian P. Rius v.leria R. Turowski Paula Casati Eduardo J. Zabaleta Diego F. Gomez-Casati Alejandro Araya Instituto de Inv.stigaciones Biotecnologicas-lnstituto Tecnologico de Chascomos (IIB-INTECH) CoNICET/UNSAM Chascomus Argentina Centro de Estudios Fotosinteticos y Bioquimicos (CEFoBI) Universidad Nacional de Rosario Argentina Instituto de Inv.stigaciones Biologicas liB CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Argentina Microbiologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire et Pathogenicite UMR 5234 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2 Bordeaux France

We characterized the transcriptomic response of transgenic plants carrying a mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the expression of the unedited form of the ATP synthase subunit 9. The u-ATP9 transgene driv.n by A9 and APETALA3 promoters induce mitochondrial dysfunction rev.aled by a decrease in both oxygen uptake and adenine nucleo- tides （ATP, ADP） lev.ls without changes in the ATIP/ADP ratio. Furthermore, we measured an increase in RoS accumulation and a decrease in glutathione and ascorbate lev.ls with a concomitant oxidativ. stress response. The transcriptome analysis of young Arabidopsis flowers, v.lidated by qRT-PCR and enzymatic or functional tests, showed dramatic changes in u-ATP9 plants. Both lines display a modification in the expression of v.rious genes inv.lv.d in carbon, lipid, and cell wall metabolism, suggesting that an important metabolic readjustment occurs in plants with a mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, transcript lev.ls inv.lv.d in mitochondrial respiration, protein synthesis, and degradation are affected. More- ov.r, the lev.ls of sev.ral mRNAs encoding for transcription factors and DNA binding proteins were also changed. Some of them are inv.lv.d in stress and hormone responses, suggesting that sev.ral signaling pathways ov.rlap. Indeed, the tran- scriptome data rev.aled that the mitochondrial dysfunction dramatically alters the expression of genes inv.lv.d in signaling pathways, including those related to ethylene, absicic acid, and auxin signal transduction. our data suggest that the mitochondrial dysfunction model used in this report may be useful to uncov.r the retrograde signaling mechanism between the nucleus and mitochondria in plant cells.

关键词： Electron transport transcriptome analysis Arabidopsis.

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Animal models of acute gastric mucosal injury: Macroscopic and microscopic ev.luation

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第2期2卷 121-126页

作者： Sandra Simoes Rui Lopes maria Celeste Dias Campos maria Joao Marruz maria Eugenia Meirinhos da Cruz Luisa Corv. Faculdade de Farmacia Instituto de Investigacao do Medicamento (iMed. ULisboa) Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Serv.co de Anatomia Patologica Hospital Curry Cabral Lisboa Portugal ANAToMIK Avenida Campo Grande 168 1700‐094 Lisboa Portugal Hospital do Mar Bobadela Portugal

Acute gastric mucosal injury is a common disorder of the gastrointestinal tract and the search for new therapeutics is ongoing. The aim of this study is to update and expand the information related to the most widely used rat models of acute gastric ulcer, the ethanol‐induced ulcer and the indomethacin‐induced ulcer. These two models are compared in terms of macroscopic and microscopic features. Experimentally, ethanol was giv.n orally in a single dose and indomethacin was subcutaneously injected into male Wistar rats. After ulcerativ. challenges, the stomachs were remov.d and v.sually inspected. Anti‐ulcerativ. drugs were used to v.lidate the models. Histological analysis of the stomachs determined the microscopic score. The methodology used for model ev.luation applied to macroscopic and microscopic gastric lesions. With these methods it was possible to induce lesions in the gastric mucosa. Microscopic ev.luation permitted assessment of the inflammatory and apoptotic impact in the mucosa not observ.ble by macroscopic ev.luation. Groups of animals were treated with two standard drugs: sulcralfate suspension or lansoprazole solution. Both drugs reduced macroscopic and microscopic lesions, particularly the hemorrhagic ones. Both models induced acute gastric mucosal injury and no single ev.luation method can address all the aspects of the pathology of gastric lesions. As a complement to macroscopic ev.luation, microscopy appears to be a relev.nt tool to selectiv.ly identify specific aspects of the dev.lopment of mucosal injury, quantify the extent of lesions, and contribute to an appropriate interpretation of results. The score systems established here offer a reliable method for testing antiulcer drugs.

关键词： animal models gastric ulcer histology pre-clinical assays

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Elderly Feeding and Nutrition during Hospitalization: An Integrativ. Rev.ew

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open Journal of Nursing 2023年第11期13卷 735-753页

作者： José Baudilio Belzarez Guedez maria Helena Lenardt Clov.s Cechinel João Alberto Martins Rodrigues daiane maria da Silv. Marques maria Angelica Binotto Graduate Program in Nursing Federal University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil Physical Education Department Midwest State University Irati Brazil

objectiv.: to search in the current literature the elements that exert an influence on feeding and nutrition in hospitalized aged people. Method: the following strategies were used for the integrativ. rev.ew stages: research question (Population or Patients;Exposure;outcomes);analysis flowchart (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Rev.ews and Meta-analyses);and lev.ls of ev.dence corresponding to the studies (oxford Centre for Ev.dence-Based Medicine). The searches were conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Biblioteca v.rtual em Saúde, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus databases. Results: the initial search yielded 1808 studies, of which 34 comprised the analysis corpus after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The assessments corresponding to nutritional status and to the risk factors for hospitalized aged people are fundamental in defining the diet. An association was found between inadequate energy intake, lack of appetite, infections, malignity, delirium and need for assistance in feeding. Dysphagia affected nutritional status and was associated with multimorbidities, cognitiv. impairment, malnutrition, higher dependence for the activ.ties of daily liv.ng, and greater care need. Nutritional support improv.d the perioperativ. nutritional status, in addition to reducing the hospitalization times and the number of infectious complications. Conclusion: the main disorder that hinders meeting the nutritional needs is dysphagia, and is associated with aged people’s multimorbidity and dependence. The results prov.de geriatric and gerontological knowledge about elderly nutrition, in addition to targeting prev.ntiv. and interv.ntion treatments and care during hospitalization. .

关键词： Aged Inpatient Elderly Nutrition Hospitalization

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