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Interaction between diet and genetics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1644-1650页

作者： Daniéla Oliveira Magro Ligia Yukie Sassaki júlio maria Fonseca Chebli Department of Surgery Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of Campinas(UNICAMP)Campinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618-687São PauloBrazil Department of Medicine University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de ForaUniversity of Juiz de Fora School of MedicineJuiz de Fora 36036-247Minas GeraisBrazil

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Marangoni et al,published in the recent issue of the World journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:5618-5629,about“Diet as an epigenetic factor in inflammatory bowel disease”.The authors emphasized the role of diet,especially the interaction with genetics,in promoting the inflam-matory process in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients,focusing on DNA methylation,histone modifications,and the influence of *** this editorial,we explore the interaction between genetics,gut microbiota,and diet,in an only ***,we provided dietary recommendations for patients with *** Western diet,characterized by a low fiber content and deficiency the micronutrients,impacts short-chain fatty acids production and may be related to the pathogenesis of *** the other hand,the consumption of the Mediter-ranean diet and dietary fibers are associated with reduced risk of IBD flares,particularly in Crohn’s disease(CD)*** to the dietary guidance from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases(IOIBD),the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables while reducing the consumption of saturated,trans,dairy fat,additives,processed foods rich in maltodextrins,and artificial sweeteners containing sucralose or saccharine is recommended to CD *** patients with ulcerative colitis,the IOIBD recommends the increased intake of natural sources of omega-3 fatty acids and follows the same restrictive recommendations aimed at CD patients,with the possible inclusion of red *** conclusion,IBD is a complex and hetero-geneous disease,and future studies are needed to elucidate the influence of epigenetics on diet and microbiota in IBD patients.

关键词： Diet Genetics MicroRNAs Gastrointestinal microbiome Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease

Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Francisco j.Escaray Amelia Felipo-Benavent Cristian j.Antonelli Begona Balaguer maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,which produce more laticifer cells,are *** S factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the Medicago truncatula Iha-1 mutant,compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions,the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote *** pathogenicity.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

Fecal calprotectin and endoscopic scores: The cornerstones in clinical practice for evaluating mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3022-3035页

作者： Marcia Henriques de Magalhães Costa Ligia Yukie Sassaki júlio maria Fonseca Chebli Department of Clinical Medicine Fluminense Federal UniversityRio de Janeiro 24210-200Brazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University(Unesp)Botucatu 18618-686São PauloBrazil Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity Hospital of The Federal University of Juiz de ForaUniversity of Juiz de Fora School of MedicineJuiz de Fora 36036-247Minas GeraisBrazil

Managing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is becoming increasingly complex and personalized,considering the advent of new advanced therapies with distinct mechanisms of *** mucosal healing(MH)is a pivotal therapeutic goal in IBD management and can prevent IBD progression and reduce flares,hospitalization,surgery,intestinal damage,and colorectal *** proactive disease and therapy assessment is essential to achieve better control of intestinal inflammation,even if subclinical,to alter the natural course of *** monitoring of fecal calprotectin(FC)levels and interval endoscopic evaluations are cornerstones for evaluating response/remission to advanced therapies targeting IBD,assessing MH,and detecting subclinical ***,we comment on the article by Ishida et al Moreover,this editorial aimed to review the role of FC and endoscopic scores in predicting MH in patients with ***,we intend to present some evidence on the role of these markers in future targets,such as histological and transmural *** prospective multicenter studies with a stricter MH criterion,standardized endoscopic and histopathological analyses,and virtual chromoscopy,potentially including artificial intelligence and other biomarkers,are desired.

关键词： Fecal calprotectin Endoscopic scores Mucosal healing Histological healing Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel diseases

ANonmonotone Projected Gradient Method for Multiobjective Problems on Convex Sets

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journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 410-427页

作者： Gabrie Anibal Carrizo Nadia Soledad Fazzio maria Laura Schuverdt Department of Mathematics National University of the SouthBahia BlancaArgentina Department of Mathematics University of La PlataLa PlataArgentina

In this work we consider an extension of the classical scalar-valued projected gradient method for multiobjective problems on convex *** in Fazzio et al.(Optim Lett 13:1365-1379,2019)a parameter which controls the step length is considered and an updating rule based on the spectral gradient method from the scalar case is *** the present paper,we consider an extension of the traditional nonmonotone approach of Grippo et al.(SIAM j Numer Anal 23:707-716,1986)based on the maximum of some previous function values as suggested in Mita et al.(j Glob Optim 75:539-559,2019)for unconstrained multiobjective optimization *** prove the accumulation points of sequences generated by the proposed algorithm,if they exist,are stationary points of the original *** experiments are reported.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization Projected gradient methods Nonmonotone line search Global convergence

Structural performance of flexible freeform panelssubjected to wind loads

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 851-869页

作者： Yong YOO Zaryab SHAHID Renzhe CHEN maria KOLIOU Anastasia MULIANA Negar KALANTAR Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA j.Mike Walker'66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Architecture Division California College of the ArtsSan FranciscoCA 94107USA

An increased number of hurricanes and tornadoes have been recorded worldwide in the last decade,while research efforts to reduce wind-related damage to structures become *** architecture,which focuses on generating complex curved shapes including streamlined shapes,has recently gained *** study focuses on investigating the potential of kerf panels,which have unique flexibility depending on the cut patterns and densities,to generate complex shapes for facades and their performance under wind *** investigate the kerf panel's potential capacity against wind loads,static and dynamic analyses were conducted for two kerf panel types with different cut densities and pre-deformed *** was observed that although solid panels result in smaller displacement amplitudes,stresses,and strains in some cases,the kerf panels allow for global and local cell deformations resulting in stress reduction in various locations with the potential to reduce damage due to overstress in *** the predeformed kerf panels,it was observed that both the overall stress and strain responses in kerf cut arrangements were lower than those of the flat-shaped *** study shows the promise of the use of kerf panels in achieving both design flexibility and performance demands when exposed to service *** that this newly proposed architectural configuration(design paradigm)for facades could revolutionize structural engineering by pushing complex freeform shapes to a standard practice that intertwines aesthetic arguments,building performance requirements,and material design considerations has the potential for significant practical applications.

关键词： freeform structure kerfing method wind load analysis cladding component

Error field penetration in j-TEXT tokamak based on two-fluid drift-MHD model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j-TEXT team State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

An externally generated resonant magnetic perturbation can induce complex non-ideal MHD responses in their resonant *** have studied the plasma responses using Fitzpatrick's improved two-fluid model and program *** calculated the error field penetration threshold for *** addition,we find that the island width increases slightly as the error field amplitude increases when the error field amplitude is below the critical penetration ***,the island width suddenly jumps to a large value because the shielding effect of the plasma against the error field disappears after the *** scanning the natural mode frequency,we find that the shielding effect of the plasma decreases as the natural mode frequency ***,we obtain the m/n=2/1 penetration threshold scaling on density and temperature.

关键词： plasma responses drift-MHD model error field penetration

The Triple Combination of Meropenem,Avibactam,and a Metallo-b-Lactamase Inhibitor Optimizes Antibacterial Coverage Against Different b-Lactamase Producers

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 124-132页

作者： Zhuoren Ling Alistair james Macdonald Farley Aditya Lankapalli Yanfang Zhang Shonnette Premchand-Branker Kate Cook Andrei Baran Charlotte Gray-Hammerton Claudia Orbegozo Rubio Edgars Suna jordan Mathias jürgen Brem Kirsty Sands maria Nieto-Rosado maria Mykolaivna Trush Nadira Naznin Rakhi Willames Martins Yuqing Zhou Christopher joseph Schofield Timothy Walsh Department of Biology&Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13TAUK Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Riga LV-1006Latvia Department of Medical Microbiology Division of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144XNUK Enzymology and Applied Biocatalysis Research Center Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-Napoca 400028Romania

This work explores the potential of a triple combination of meropenem(MEM),a novel metallo-blactamase(MBL)inhibitor(indole-2-carboxylate 58(InC58)),and a serine-b-lactamase(SBL)inhibitor(avibactam(AVI))for broad-spectrum activity against carbapenemase-producing bacteria.A diverse panel comprising MBL-and SBL-producing strains was used for susceptibility testing of the triple combination using the agar dilution *** frequency of resistance(FoR)to MEM combined with InC58 was *** were sequenced and tested for cross resistance,fitness,and the stability of the resistance *** with the double combinations of MEM plus an SBL or MBL inhibitor,the triple combination extended the spectrum of activity to most of the isolates bearing SBLs(oxacillinase-48(OXA-48)and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2(KPC-2))and MBLs(New Delhi metallo-blactamases(NDMs)),although it was not effective against Verona integron-encoded metallo-blactamase(VIM)-carrying Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***)and OXA-23-carrying Acinetobacter baumannii(***).The FoR to MEM plus InC58 ranged from 2.22×10^(-7)to 1.13×10^(-6).The resistance correlated with mutations to ompC and comR,affecting porin C and copper permeability,*** mutants manifested a fitness cost,a decreased level of resistance during passage without antibiotic pressure,and cross resistance to another carbapenem(imipenem)and a b-lactamase inhibitor(taniborbactam).In conclusion,compared with the dual combinations,the triple combination of MEM with InC58 and AVI showed a much wider spectrum of activity against different carbapenemaseproducing bacteria,revealing a new strategy to combat b-lactamase-mediated antimicrobial resistance.

关键词： Carbapenemase Metallo/serine-b-lactamase inhibitor Avibactam Meropenem Antimicrobial resistance

Blood metal concentrations and cardiac structure and function in total joint arthroplasty patients

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 773-782页

作者： Peter C Brennan Stephanie M Peterson Thomas j O'Byrne mariana L Laporta Cody C Wyles Paul j jannetto Garvan C Kane maria Vassilaki Hilal Maradit Kremers Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND There is concern regarding potential long-term cardiotoxicity with systemic distribution of metals in total joint arthroplasty(TjA)*** To determine the association of commonly used implant metals with echocardiographic measures in TjA *** The study comprised 110 TjA patients who had a recent history of high chromium,cobalt or titanium *** underwent two-dimensional,three-dimensional,Doppler and speckle-strain transthoracic echocardiography and a blood draw to measure metal *** and sex-adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association of metal concentrations(exposure)with echocardiographic measures(outcome).RESULTS Higher cobalt concentrations were associated with increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume(estimate 5.09;95%CI:0.02-10.17)as well as left atrial and right ventricular dilation,particularly in men but no changes in cardiac *** titanium concentrations were associated with a reduction in left ventricle global longitudinal strain(estimate 0.38;95%CI:0.70 to 0.06)and cardiac index(estimate 0.08;95%CI,-0.15 to-0.01).CONCLUSION Elevated cobalt and titanium concentrations may be associated with structural and functional cardiac changes in some *** studies are warranted to better understand the systemic effects of metals in TjA patients.

关键词： Total joint arthroplasty Metal-on-metal Cardiotoxicity Heart failure Echocardiography Cobalt

Planetary health risks in urban agriculture

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Global Health journal 2024年第1期8卷 4-10页

作者： Nilanjana Ganguli Anna maria Subic janani Maheswaran Byomkesh Talukder Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research&Faculty of Environmental&Urban Change York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of TorontoTorontoOntario 5T3M7Canada Faculty of Health York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Department of Global Health Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida 33199USA

Urban agriculture is gaining recognition for its potential contributions to environmental resilience and climate change adaptation,providing advantages such as urban greening,reduced heat island effects,and decreased air ***,it indirectly supports communities during weather events and natural disasters,ensuring food security and fostering community ***,concerns about planetary health risks persist in highly urbanized and climate-affected *** electronic databases such as Web of Science and PubMed and adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,we identified 55 relevant papers to comprehend the planetary health risks associated with urban agriculture,The literature review identified five distinct health risks related to urban agriculture:(1)trace metal risks in urban farms;(2)health risks associated with wastewater irrigation;(3)zoonotic risks;(4)other health risks;and(5)social and economic *** study highlights that urban agriculture,while emphasizing environmental benefits,particularly raises concerns about trace metal bioaccumulation in soil and vegetables,posing health risks for *** well studied risks included wastewater irrigation and backyard livestock *** main limitations in the available literature were in studying infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance associated with urban agriculture.

关键词： Urban agriculture Urbanization Systems-thinking Planetary health impacts Comprehensive risk analysis Planetary Health Risks Analysis of Urban Agriculture Framework(PHRAUAF) Heuristic