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Changing paradigms in lower extremity reconstruction in war-related injuries

Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2016年第2期31卷 104-109页

作者： margaret connolly Zuhaib R.Ibrahim Owen N.Johnson III Department of Surgery University of Maryland Medical Center 22 S Greene St Baltimore MD 21201 USA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 601 N Caroline St. Baltimore MD 21287 USA Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 601 N Caroline St. Baltimore MD 21287 USA

Background: Ballistic high-energy trauma has substantially increased the severity of non-fatal extremity injuries incurred in modern warfare. Expedient medical care, refinement in surgical techniques, and soft tissue coverage have brought about a paradigm shift in the management of lower extremity wounds during the last decade with an increased emphasis on limb ***: A literature-based study was conducted to analyze reconstructive modalities based on the location, depth, and severity of wounds, as well as mechanism of injury, concomitant vascular injuries and open fractures, choice of flap, timing of definitive reconstruction, and ***: Extremity injuries account for over 60% of injuries in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, with the majority secondary to explosive devices. The severity of these injuries is profound compared with civilian registries, and conventional injury scoring systems have failed to accurately predict outcomes in combat trauma. The mainstay of treatment is serial debridement, negative pressure therapy, fracture stabilization, and treatment of concomitant injuries by the forward medical teams with subsequent definitive reconstruction after transport to an advanced military treatment facility. Autologous reconstruction with free tissue transfer and pedicled flaps remains the primary modality for soft tissue coverage in limb salvage. Adjunct innovative modalities, such as external tissue expansion, dermal substitutes, and regenerative matrices, have also been successfully utilized for limb ***: Lower extremity injuries account for the vast majority of injuries in modern warzones. Explosive devices represent the most common mechanism of injury, with blast impact leading to extensive soft tissue injuries necessitating complex reconstructive strategies. Serial debridement, negative pressure therapy, and autologous reconstruction with free tissue transfer and pedicled flaps remain the mainstay of t

关键词： Limb salvage Free flap Pedicled flap Lower extremity Blast injury Combat Battlefield Reconstruction

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High butanol production by regulating carbon, redox and energy in Clostridia

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 317-323页

作者： Jianfa Ou Chao ma Ningning Xu Yinming Du Xiaoguang (margaret) Liu Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35401 USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Butanol is a promising biofuel with high energy intensity and can be used as gasoline substitute. It can be produced as a sustainable energy by microorganisms （such as Clostridia） from low-value biomass. However, the low productivity, yield and selectivity in butanol fermentation are still big challenges due to the lack of an efficient butanol-producing host strain. In this article, we systematically review the host cell engineering of Clostridia, focusing on （1） various strategies to rebalance metabolic flux to achieve a high butanol production by regulating the metabolism of carbon, redox or energy, （2） the challenges in pathway manipulation, and （3） the application of proteomics technology to understand the intracellular metabolism. In addition, the process engineer- ing is also briefly described. The objective of this review is to summarize the previous research achievements in the metabolic engineering of Clostridium and provide guidance for future novel strain construction to effectively produce butanol.

关键词： Clostridia butanol biofuel metabolism carbon redox energy

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High production of butyric acid by Clostridium tyrobutyricum mutant

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 369-375页

作者： Chao ma Jianfa Ou matthew Miller Sarah McFann Xiaoguang (margaret) Liu Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of Alabama 245 7th Avenue Tuscaloosa AL 35401 USA

The objective of this study was to improve the production of butyric acid by process optimization using the metabolically engineered mutant of Clostridium tyrobutyricum （PAK-Em）. First, the free-cell fermentation at pH 6.0 produced butyric acid with concentration of 38.44 g/L and yield of 0.42 g/g. Second, the immobilized- cell fermentations using fibrous-bed bioreactor （FBB） were run at pHs of 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0 to optimize fermentation process and improve the butyric acid production. It was found that the highest titer of butyric acid, 63.02g/L, was achieved at pH 6.5. Finally, the metabolic flux balance analysis was performed to inves- tigate the carbon rebalance in C. tyrobutyricum. The results show both gene manipulation and fermentation pH change redistribute carbon between biomass, acetic acid and butyric acid. This study demonstrated that high butyric acid production could be obtained by integrating metabolic engineering and fermentation process optimization.

关键词： Clostridium tyrobutyricum butyric acid production fermentation mutant pH flux balance analysis

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Prostate health index can stratify patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging to reduce prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 20-24页

作者： John Shung-Lai Leung Wai-Kit ma Brian Sze-Ho Ho Stacia Tsun-Tsun Chun Rong Na Yongle Zhan Chi-Yuen Ng Chi-Ho Ip Ada Tsui-Lin Ng Yiu-Chung Lam Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryPrincess Margaret HospitalHongKongChina

We aim to evaluate prostate health index as an additional risk-stratification tool in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance *** with biochemical or clinical suspicion of having prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in two tertiary centers(Queen mary Hospital and Princess margaret Hospital,Hong Kong,China)between January 2017 and June 2022 were ***-magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsies were performed after prostate health index *** who only had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions were further stratified into four prostate health index risk groups and the cancer detection rates were *** of the 747 patients,47.3%had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions *** detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in this group was 15.0%.The cancer detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer had statistically significant differences:5.3%in prostate health indexmaging Reporting and Data System score 3 *** could be avoided in patients with low prostate health index,with a small risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.

关键词： biopsy fusion biopsy magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer prostate health index

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Cardiovascular surgery in Turner syndrome-early outcome and long-term follow-up

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第3期12卷 97-106页

作者： margaret M Fuchs Christine Helena Attenhofer Jost Sameh M Said Donald J Hagler Heidi M connolly Joseph A Dearani Alexander C Egbe Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery Masonic Children’s HospitalUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55905United States Division of Pediatric Cardiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in patients with Turner syndrome(TS),and cardiovascular surgery is frequently required for management of these *** is associated with medical comorbidities than can complicate the care of this patient *** To describe the cardiovascular surgical outcomes of patients with *** A retrospective case series was compiled of 51 consecutive TS patients who had at least one cardiovascular surgery at mayo Clinic Rochester from *** baseline clinical data of these patients were reviewed including demographics,medical comorbidities,congenital heart disease history,and *** reports were analyzed in *** reports and surgical hospital courses were ***-term mortality was determined using medical records and the Social Security Death *** analysis was performed with the Kaplan Meier *** The cohort comprised 51 TS patients,average age at the time of surgery at mayo Clinic was 28(8-41)years,and 23(45%)patients were under the age of *** the time of first mayo Clinic surgery,18(35%)patients had previously undergone cardiac surgery at another *** most common procedures were repair of aortic coarctation in 14(28%)patients,aortic valve replacement in 6(12%)patients,and composite aortic root/ascending aorta replacement in 7(14%)patients,with 7 patients undergoing repair of more than one *** dissection required operative intervention in 5 *** initial mayo Clinic surgery,subsequent operations were required in 6(13%)*** hospital length of stay was 6±2 *** were 4(8%)early surgical *** from death was 97%and 89%at 10 and 20 years,and the freedom from reoperation was 93%and 81%at 10 and 20 *** Cardiovascular surgery is associated with 8%early mortality given the medical complexity of TS *** who survive to dismissal have good *** cardiovas

关键词： Turner syndrome Cardiac surgery Congenital heart disease Aortic dissection Outcome Reoperation

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Proteogenomics for pediatric brain cancer

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BIOCELL 2021年第6期45卷 1459-1463页

作者： margaret SIMONIAN University of Californian Los Angeles David Geffen School of MedicineLos Angeles90095USA

Pediatric central nervous system tumors are the most common tumors in children,it constitute 15%–20%of all malignancies in children and are the leading cause of cancer related deaths in *** is an emerging field of biological research that utilizes a combination of proteomics,genomics,and transcriptomics to aid in the discovery and identification of biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic *** proteogenomics analysis of pediatric tumors identified underlying biological processes and potential treatments as well as the functional effects of somatic mutations and copy number variation driving tumorigenesis.

关键词： Proteogenomics Brain cancer Targeted therapy

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Neuroglial Crosstalk by Mitochondria

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2017年第1期33卷 111-112页

作者： margaret S. Ho Research Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai East Hospital No. 150/imo Road Shanghai 200120 China Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East Hospital No. 150 Jimo RoadShanghai 200120 China Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Tongji University School of Medicine 1239 Siping RoadShanghai 200092 China

Glia-neuron interaction is an integral part of signaling networks in the brain. Abundant evidence has suggested a pivotal role for glia in neuronal survival and activity [1-3], yet the mechanisms that lead to neuroglial crosstalk have not been well elucidated, nor has the diverse function of the exchange and transfer for materials between the two types of cells. Intriguingly, glia have been demonstrated as the recipients of axonal mitochondria from retinal ganglion cells [4]. This transcellular degradation of mitochondria provides an excellent example of how glia and neurons communicate, and prompts us to reconsider the importance and implications of how dysfunctional neuroglial crosstalk might underlie possible causes of brain diseases.

关键词： ADPR CD Neuroglial Crosstalk by Mitochondria

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A Shared Neural Node for Multiple Innate Behaviors in Drosophila

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第6期34卷 1103-1104页

作者： margaret S.Ho School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University

The nervous system orchestrates diverse behaviors such as reproduction, sleep, feeding, and aggression, and selects a single behavior for execution at any given time. This requires neural mechanisms for behavioral selection sensitive to both internal physiological states and external environmental conditions. For example, hungry animals

关键词： In A Shared Neural Node for Multiple Innate Behaviors in Drosophila

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Evidence of a Light-Sensing Role for Folate in Arabidopsis Cryptochrome Blue-Light Receptors

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 68-74页

作者： Nathalie Hoang Jean-Pierre Bouly margaret Ahmad Universite Paris Vl Casier 156 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France Penn State University 25 Yearsley Mill Road Media PA 19063 USA

Arabidopsis cryptochromes cry1 and cry2 are blue-light signalling molecules with significant structural similarity to photolyases-a class of blue-light-sensing DNA repair enzymes. Like photolyases, purified plant cryptochromes have been shown to bind both flavin and pterin chromophores. The flavin functions as a light sensor and undergoes reduction in response to blue light that initiates the signalling cascade. However, the role of the pterin in plant cryptochromes has until now been unknown. Here, we show that the action spectrum for light-dependent degradation of cry2 has a significant peak of activity at 380 nm, consistent with absorption by a pterin cofactor. We further show that cry1 protein expressed in living insect ceils responds with greater sensitivity to 380 nm light than to 450 nm, consistent with a light-harvesting antenna pigment that transfers excitation energy to the oxidized flavin of cry1. The pterin biosynthesis inhibitor DHAP selectively reduces cryptochrome responsivity at 380 nm but not 450 nm blue light in these cell cultures, indicating that the antenna pigment is a folate cofactor similar to that of photolyases.

关键词： a Light-Sensing Role for Folate Arabidopsis Cryptochrome Blue-Light Receptors

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Neurodevelopment and degeneration

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第4期30卷 539-541页

作者： margaret S.Ho Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology School of MedicineTongji University

Over the past decades, continuous effort has been made to resolve unsettled matters in the emerging scene of neuronal development. Despite the rapid progress, neuroscientists remain fascinated by the intricate networks of signaling pathways and molecules conserved among species. Fundamental questions such as progenitor cell specification, compartmentalized cellular tactics, and the identification of factors involved in orchestrating the progression of development are being actively pursued. Furthermore, reversing the effects of development, neurodegeneration symbolizes an opposite force in limiting growth and has been linked to a variety of diseases. To date, a tremendous amount of work from the research community has conceptualized the central image of how nervous systems develop and are equipped to modulate animal functions, albeit with mysterious gaps in the picture that remain to be filled.

关键词： Neurodevelopment degeneration equipped

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