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Computed tomography-based radiomics diagnostic approach for differential diagnosis between early-and late-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World j.urnal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1256-1267页

作者： Shuai Ren Li-Chao Qian Ying-Ying Cao marcus j.Daniels Li-Na Song Ying Tian Zhong-Qiu Wang Department of Radiology Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Geratology Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiology NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016United States

BACKGROUND One of the primary reasons for the dismal survival rates in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is that most patients are usually diagnosed at late *** is an urgent unmet clinical need to identify and develop diagnostic methods that could precisely detect PDAC at its earliest *** A total of 71 patients with pathologically proved PDAC based on surgical resection who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)within 30 d prior to surgery were included in the *** staging was performed in accordance with the 8th edition of the American j.int Committee on Cancer staging *** features were extracted from the region of interest(ROI)for each patient using Analysis Kit *** most important and predictive radiomics features were selected using Mann-Whitney U test,univar-iate logistic regression analysis,and minimum redundancy maximum relevance(MRMR)*** forest(RF)method was used to construct the radiomics model,and 10-times leave group out cross-validation(LGOCV)method was used to validate the robustness and reproducibility of the *** A total of 792 radiomics features(396 from late arterial phase and 396 from portal venous phase)were extracted from the ROI for each patient using Analysis Kit *** most important and predictive features were selected using Mann-Whitney U test,univariate logistic regression analysis,and MRMR *** method was used to construct the radiomics model with the nine most predictive radiomics features,which showed a high discriminative ability with 97.7%accuracy,97.6%sensitivity,97.8%specificity,98.4%positive predictive value,and 96.8%negative predictive *** radiomics model was proved to be robust and reproducible using 10-times LGOCV method with an average area under the curve of 0.75 by the average performance of the 10 newly built *** The radiomics model based on CT could serve as a promising non-invasive method in differential diag

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Radiomics Computed tomography American j.int Committee on Cancer staging

A simple method for pulse contrast enhancement via self-focusing

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 51-61页

作者： Zaharit Refaeli Gilad marcus Yariv Shamir Applied Physics Division Soreq NRCYavneIsrael Applied Physics Institute The Hebrew UniversityThe Edmond J.Safra Campus-Givat RamJerusalemIsrael

Here we report on a simple-to-implement and cost-effective approach for laser pulse contrast enhancement,based on the χ(3)nonlinear self-focusing *** intentionally induced and gently controlled self-focusing in a thin glass transforms the time-dependent intensity into variation in beam *** by a spatial discriminating filter,only the strongly focused fraction traverses the setup,at the expense of efficiency.A numerical model,accounting for the pulse and material parameters via a Gaussian ABCD matrix,provides an estimate for the instantaneous beam waist and transmission efficiency,which enables us to evaluate the resulting contrast *** estimated contrast enhancement spans between 0.5 and 2.5 orders of magnitude,in conj.nction with approximately 25%–90%estimated efficiency,depending on the pulse *** a preliminary experiment we demonstrated the effect with 10s-μj.sub GW regime with approximately 40%efficiency and a contrast improvement of more than or equal to 20 dB.

关键词： nonlinear optics pulse contrast self-focusing ultrafast laser

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The effect of Laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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j.urnal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Felten Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel Christina Scheu j.shua Spille Marta Lipińska-Chwałek j.achim Mayer Benj.min Berkels marcus Hans Imke Greving Silj. Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander Chair of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central Facility for Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Image and Signal Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different chemical com-positions,modified surface states and various electrolyte ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved effects of secondary phases adj.cent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different Laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al-Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg>C14)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the Laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： Laves phase STEM Magnesium Corrosion Passive layer

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Comparison between solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic changes using computed tomography

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World j.urnal of Radiology 2024年第6期16卷 211-220页

作者： Shuai Ren Li-Chao Qian Xiao-j.ng Lv Ying-Ying Cao marcus j.Daniels Zhong-Qiu Wang Li-Na Song Ying Tian Department of Radiology Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Geratology Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiology NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016United States

BACKGROUND Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas(SPN)share similar imaging findings with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic changes(PDAC with cystic changes),which may result in unnecessary *** To investigate the value of computed tomography(CT)in differentiation of SPN from PDAC with cystic *** This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and imaging findings of 32 patients diagnosed with SPN and 14 patients diagnosed with PDAC exhibiting cystic changes,confirmed through pathological *** and qualitative analysis was performed,including assessment of age,sex,tumor size,shape,margin,density,enhancement pattern,CT values of tumors,CT contrast enhancement ratios,“floating cloud sign,”calcification,main pancreatic duct dilatation,pancreatic atrophy,and peripancreatic invasion or distal *** logistic regression analysis was used to identify relevant features to differentiate between SPN and PDAC with cystic changes,and receiver operating characteristic curves were obtained to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each variable and their *** When compared to PDAC with cystic changes,SPN had a lower age(32 years vs 64 years,P0.05).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the combination was 0.833(95%confidence interval:0.708-0.957)with 78.6%sensitivity,81.3%specificity,and 80.4%accuracy in differentiation of SPN from PDAC with cystic *** A larger tumor size,“floating cloud sign,”and peri

关键词： Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm Pancreas Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Computed tomography Differential diagnosis

Outcomes of a non-randomised audit of single pigtail suture stents in urolithiasis management of Asian patients in Singapore

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Asian j.urnal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 324-330页

作者： Ee j.an Lim Zhen Wei Choo Reshma Mangat Pradeep Durai Sarvaj.t Biligere Yiquan Tan Loh Hin Yeung marcus Nicole Andrea Seet Li Ting Chin Tiong Heng Stefania Ferreti Vineet Gauhar Urology Department Singapore General HospitalSingapore Urology Department Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore Urology Department Ng Teng Fong HospitalSingapore Urology Department Azienda Ospedaliera-Uiversitaria(Hospital and University of Parma)ParmaItaly

Obj.ctive:Double-j.Dj.ureteric stents are commonly placed perioperatively for semirigid or flexible ureteroscopic renal *** is believed that lesser stent material within the bladder mitigates stent-related *** study aimed to evaluate the j.Fil ureteral stent,a single pigtail suture stent compared with conventional Dj.stent in relation to stent symptoms in an Asian population undergoing ureterorenal ***:Based on internal audit committee recommendation approval,the records of 50 patients retrieved,available data of 41 patients who were prospectively enrolled into two groups(Group 1[j.Fil stent group],n=21 and Group 2[Dj.stent group],n=20)between August 2020 to j.nuary 2021,were *** compared were nature of procedure,stone location and size,ease of deployment or removal,and complications.A modified universal stent symptom questionnaire was used to assess morbidity of stent symptoms within 48 h of insertion and at ***:Both groups had similar median age,distribution in male to female ratio,and stone *** overall median universal stent symptom questionnaire score at insertion was similar for bladder pain,flank or loin pain,and quality of life between Group 1 and 2;however,at removal Group 1 fared significantly better than Group 2,especially for flank or loin pain and pain at *** groups had similar ease in insertion with no hospital ***:Our audit favoured the single pigtail suture stent in Asian ureters in mitigating stent-related *** showed a good safety profile with easy deployment and *** promises a new standard in stenting.

关键词： Stent Ureteroscopy Pigtail suture stent Asianpatient Flexible ureteroscopic renal surgery

Cell Wall Microstructure Analysis Implicates Hemicellulose Polysaccharides in Cell Adhesion in Tomato Fruit Pericarp Parenchyma

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 910-921页

作者： j.se j. Ordaz-Ortiz Susan E. marcus j. Paul Knox Centre for Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom

Methods developed to isolate intact cells from both unripe and ripe tomato fruit pericarp parenchyma have allowed the cell biological analysis of polysaccharide epitopes at the surface of separated cells. The LM7 pectic homogalacturonan epitope is a marker of the j.nctions of adhesion planes and intercellular spaces in parenchyma systems. The LM7 epitope persistently marked the former edge of adhesion planes at the surface of cells separated from unripe and ripened tomato fruit and also from fruits with the Cnr mutation. The LM 11 xylan epitope was associated, in sections, with cell walls lining intercellular space but the epitope was not detected at the surface of isolated cells, being lost during cell isolation. The LM15 xyloglucan epitope was present at the surface of cells isolated from unripe fruit in a pattern reflecting the former edge of cell adhesion planes/intercellular space but with gaps and apparent breaks. An equivalent pattern of LM15 epitope occurrence was revealed at the surface of cells isolated by pectate lyase action but was not present in cells isolated from ripe fruit or from Cnr fruit. In contrast to wild-type cells, the LM5 galactan and LM21 mannan epitopes occurred predominantly in positions reflecting intercellular space in Cnr, suggesting a concerted alteration in cell wall microstructure in response to this mutation. Galactanase and mannanase, along with pectic homogalacturonan-degrading enzymes, were capable of releasing cells from unripe fruit parenchyma. These observations indicate that hemicellulose polymers are present in architectural contexts reflecting cell adhesion and that several cell wall polysaccharide classes are likely to contribute to cell adhesion/cell separation in tomato fruit pericarp parenchyma.

关键词： Cell walls fruit development tomato cell adhesion cell separation polysaccharide.

Recent advances in the study of Mesozoic-Cenozoic petrified wood from Thailand

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第5期16卷 501-506页

作者： Pratueng j.NTASAKUL Paul j.grote Nareerat BOONCHAI Northeastern Research Center and Museum for Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand Geography ProgramNakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat UniversitySuranarai RoadMuang DistrictNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand School of Biology Institute of Science Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Northeastern Research Center and Museum for Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand School of BiologyInstitute of ScienceSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand

Mesozoic to Cenozoic petrified woods are very rich and well preserved in the Khorat Plateau, Northeast Thailand, serving as remarkable material for investigations of tropical vegetation history, paleoclimatic evolution, and paleoenvironmental changes. Our recent field survey and investigations have defined about 50 species of fossil wood assigned to 19 genera and 11 families from Mesozoic to Cenozoic deposits in this region. These woods are ascribed to two groups, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Among them, about 20 species assigned to 7 genera and 5 families are the first reports of the taxa in Thailand. The fossil wood floras indicate that during the late Mesozoic period, the tropical conifer vegetation in Northeast Thailand was dominated by the family Araucariaceae. From the Miocene to Pleistocene, a tropical climate prevailed in this region with perhaps both deciduous and evergreen broadleaf forests comprising the vegetation.

关键词： fossil wood tropical vegetation Mesozoic Cenozoic Thailand.

Collective Computation,Information Flow,and the Emergence of Hunter-Gatherer Small-Worlds

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j.urnal of Social Computing 2022年第1期3卷 18-37页

作者： marcus j.Hamilton the Department of Anthropology University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA.

Two key features of human sociality are anatomically complex brains with neuron-dense cerebral cortices,and the propensity to form complex social networks with *** brains and complex social networks facilitate flows of fitness-enhancing energy and information at multiple scales of social ***,we consider how these flows interact to shape the emergence of macroscopic regularities in hunter-gatherer macroecology relative to other mammals and non-human *** computation is the processing of information by complex adaptive systems to generate inferences in order to solve adaptive *** hunter-gatherer societies the adaptive problem is to resolve uncertainty in generative models used to predict complex environments in order to maximize inclusive *** macroecological solution is to link complex brains in social networks to form collective brains that perform collective *** developing theory and analyzing data,the author shows hunter-gatherers bands of~16 people,or~4 co-residing families,form the largest collective brains of any social ***,because individuals,families,and bands interact at multiple time scales,these fission-fusion dynamics lead to the emergence of the macroscopic regularities in hunter-gatherer macroecology we observe in cross-cultural *** results show how computation is distributed across spatially-extended social networks forming decentralized knowledge systems characteristic of hunter-gatherer *** flow of information at scales far beyond daily interactions leads to the emergence of small-worlds where highly clustered local interactions are embedded within much larger,but sparsely connected multilevel metapopulations.

关键词： complex adaptive systems hierarchically modular networks collective brains macroecology allometry mammals primates

Small molecule activators of the p53 response

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j.urnal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第3期11卷 245-254页

作者： marcus j.G.W.Ladds Sonia Lain Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell BiologyBiomedicumSolnavagen 9Karolinska Institutet17165StockholmSweden SciLifeLab Tomtebodavagen 23A171 65SoinaStockholmSweden

Drugging the p53 pathway has been a goal for both academics and pharmaceutical companies since the designation of p53 as the'guardian of the genome'.Through growing understanding of p53 biology,we can see multiple routes for activation of both wild-type p53 function and restoration of mutant p53?In this review,we focus on small molecules that activate wild-type p53 and that do so in a nongenotoxit *** particular,we will describe potential approaches to targeting proteins that alter p53 stability and function through posttranslational modification,affect p53's subcellular localization,or target RNA synthesis or the synthesis of *** plethora of pathways for exploitation of p53,as well as the wide-ranging response to p53 activation,makes it an attractive target for anti-cancer therapy.

关键词： cancer p53 small molecule cell biology cancer therapy