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Computed tomography-based radiomics diagnostic approach for differential diagnosis between early-and late-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1256-1267页

作者： Shuai Ren Li-Chao Qian Ying-Ying Cao marcus j daniels Li-Na Song Ying Tian Zhong-Qiu Wang Department of Radiology Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Geratology Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiology NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016United States

BACKGROUND One of the primary reasons for the dismal survival rates in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is that most patients are usually diagnosed at late *** is an urgent unmet clinical need to identify and develop diagnostic methods that could precisely detect PDAC at its earliest *** A total of 71 patients with pathologically proved PDAC based on surgical resection who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)within 30 d prior to surgery were included in the *** staging was performed in accordance with the 8th edition of the American joint Committee on Cancer staging *** features were extracted from the region of interest(ROI)for each patient using Analysis Kit *** most important and predictive radiomics features were selected using Mann-Whitney U test,univar-iate logistic regression analysis,and minimum redundancy maximum relevance(MRMR)*** forest(RF)method was used to construct the radiomics model,and 10-times leave group out cross-validation(LGOCV)method was used to validate the robustness and reproducibility of the *** A total of 792 radiomics features(396 from late arterial phase and 396 from portal venous phase)were extracted from the ROI for each patient using Analysis Kit *** most important and predictive features were selected using Mann-Whitney U test,univariate logistic regression analysis,and MRMR *** method was used to construct the radiomics model with the nine most predictive radiomics features,which showed a high discriminative ability with 97.7%accuracy,97.6%sensitivity,97.8%specificity,98.4%positive predictive value,and 96.8%negative predictive *** radiomics model was proved to be robust and reproducible using 10-times LGOCV method with an average area under the curve of 0.75 by the average performance of the 10 newly built *** The radiomics model based on CT could serve as a promising non-invasive method in differential diag

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Radiomics Computed tomography American joint Committee on Cancer staging

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Comparison between solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic changes using computed tomography

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World journal of Radiology 2024年第6期16卷 211-220页

作者： Shuai Ren Li-Chao Qian Xiao-jing Lv Ying-Ying Cao marcus j daniels Zhong-Qiu Wang Li-Na Song Ying Tian Department of Radiology Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Geratology Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiology NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10016United States

BACKGROUND Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas(SPN)share similar imaging findings with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic changes(PDAC with cystic changes),which may result in unnecessary *** To investigate the value of computed tomography(CT)in differentiation of SPN from PDAC with cystic *** This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and imaging findings of 32 patients diagnosed with SPN and 14 patients diagnosed with PDAC exhibiting cystic changes,confirmed through pathological *** and qualitative analysis was performed,including assessment of age,sex,tumor size,shape,margin,density,enhancement pattern,CT values of tumors,CT contrast enhancement ratios,“floating cloud sign,”calcification,main pancreatic duct dilatation,pancreatic atrophy,and peripancreatic invasion or distal *** logistic regression analysis was used to identify relevant features to differentiate between SPN and PDAC with cystic changes,and receiver operating characteristic curves were obtained to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each variable and their *** When compared to PDAC with cystic changes,SPN had a lower age(32 years vs 64 years,P0.05).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the combination was 0.833(95%confidence interval:0.708-0.957)with 78.6%sensitivity,81.3%specificity,and 80.4%accuracy in differentiation of SPN from PDAC with cystic *** A larger tumor size,“floating cloud sign,”and peri

关键词： Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm Pancreas Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Computed tomography Differential diagnosis

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A simple method for pulse contrast enhancement via self-focusing

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 51-61页

作者： Zaharit Refaeli Gilad marcus Yariv Shamir Applied Physics Division Soreq NRCYavneIsrael Applied Physics Institute The Hebrew UniversityThe Edmond J.Safra Campus-Givat RamJerusalemIsrael

Here we report on a simple-to-implement and cost-effective approach for laser pulse contrast enhancement,based on the χ(3)nonlinear self-focusing *** intentionally induced and gently controlled self-focusing in a thin glass transforms the time-dependent intensity into variation in beam *** by a spatial discriminating filter,only the strongly focused fraction traverses the setup,at the expense of efficiency.A numerical model,accounting for the pulse and material parameters via a Gaussian ABCD matrix,provides an estimate for the instantaneous beam waist and transmission efficiency,which enables us to evaluate the resulting contrast *** estimated contrast enhancement spans between 0.5 and 2.5 orders of magnitude,in conjunction with approximately 25%–90%estimated efficiency,depending on the pulse *** a preliminary experiment we demonstrated the effect with 10s-μj sub GW regime with approximately 40%efficiency and a contrast improvement of more than or equal to 20 dB.

关键词： nonlinear optics pulse contrast self-focusing ultrafast laser

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The effect of Laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Felten Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel Christina Scheu joshua Spille Marta Lipińska-Chwałek joachim Mayer Benjamin Berkels marcus Hans Imke Greving Silja Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander Chair of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central Facility for Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Image and Signal Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different chemical com-positions,modified surface states and various electrolyte ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different Laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al-Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg>C14)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the Laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： Laves phase STEM Magnesium Corrosion Passive layer

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Outcomes of a non-randomised audit of single pigtail suture stents in urolithiasis management of Asian patients in Singapore

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Asian journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 324-330页

作者： Ee jean Lim Zhen Wei Choo Reshma Mangat Pradeep Durai Sarvajit Biligere Yiquan Tan Loh Hin Yeung marcus Nicole Andrea Seet Li Ting Chin Tiong Heng Stefania Ferreti Vineet Gauhar Urology Department Singapore General HospitalSingapore Urology Department Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore Urology Department Ng Teng Fong HospitalSingapore Urology Department Azienda Ospedaliera-Uiversitaria(Hospital and University of Parma)ParmaItaly

Objective:Double-j(Dj)ureteric stents are commonly placed perioperatively for semirigid or flexible ureteroscopic renal *** is believed that lesser stent material within the bladder mitigates stent-related *** study aimed to evaluate the j-Fil ureteral stent,a single pigtail suture stent compared with conventional Dj stent in relation to stent symptoms in an Asian population undergoing ureterorenal ***:Based on internal audit committee recommendation approval,the records of 50 patients retrieved,available data of 41 patients who were prospectively enrolled into two groups(Group 1[j-Fil stent group],n=21 and Group 2[Dj stent group],n=20)between August 2020 to january 2021,were *** compared were nature of procedure,stone location and size,ease of deployment or removal,and complications.A modified universal stent symptom questionnaire was used to assess morbidity of stent symptoms within 48 h of insertion and at ***:Both groups had similar median age,distribution in male to female ratio,and stone *** overall median universal stent symptom questionnaire score at insertion was similar for bladder pain,flank or loin pain,and quality of life between Group 1 and 2;however,at removal Group 1 fared significantly better than Group 2,especially for flank or loin pain and pain at *** groups had similar ease in insertion with no hospital ***:Our audit favoured the single pigtail suture stent in Asian ureters in mitigating stent-related *** showed a good safety profile with easy deployment and *** promises a new standard in stenting.

关键词： Stent Ureteroscopy Pigtail suture stent Asianpatient Flexible ureteroscopic renal surgery

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Collective Computation,Information Flow,and the Emergence of Hunter-Gatherer Small-Worlds

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journal of Social Computing 2022年第1期3卷 18-37页

作者： marcus j.Hamilton the Department of Anthropology University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA.

Two key features of human sociality are anatomically complex brains with neuron-dense cerebral cortices,and the propensity to form complex social networks with *** brains and complex social networks facilitate flows of fitness-enhancing energy and information at multiple scales of social ***,we consider how these flows interact to shape the emergence of macroscopic regularities in hunter-gatherer macroecology relative to other mammals and non-human *** computation is the processing of information by complex adaptive systems to generate inferences in order to solve adaptive *** hunter-gatherer societies the adaptive problem is to resolve uncertainty in generative models used to predict complex environments in order to maximize inclusive *** macroecological solution is to link complex brains in social networks to form collective brains that perform collective *** developing theory and analyzing data,the author shows hunter-gatherers bands of~16 people,or~4 co-residing families,form the largest collective brains of any social ***,because individuals,families,and bands interact at multiple time scales,these fission-fusion dynamics lead to the emergence of the macroscopic regularities in hunter-gatherer macroecology we observe in cross-cultural *** results show how computation is distributed across spatially-extended social networks forming decentralized knowledge systems characteristic of hunter-gatherer *** flow of information at scales far beyond daily interactions leads to the emergence of small-worlds where highly clustered local interactions are embedded within much larger,but sparsely connected multilevel metapopulations.

关键词： complex adaptive systems hierarchically modular networks collective brains macroecology allometry mammals primates

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Use of doppler ultrasound to predict need for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt revision

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World journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1200-1209页

作者： Nikki Duong marcus Healey Kunal Patel Brian j Strife Richard K Sterling Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionVirginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmondVA 23219United States Department of Internal Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmondVA 23219United States Division of Interventional Radiology Virginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmondVA 23219United States

BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is used to treat complications of portal hypertension,such as ascites and variceal bleeding(VB).While liver doppler ultrasound(DUS)is used to assess TIPS patency,trans-shunt venography(TSV)is the gold *** To determine the accuracy of DUS to assess TIPS dysfunction and for need for *** Retrospective review of patients referred for TIPS revision from ***,DUS parameters at baseline and at the DUS preceding TIPS revision,TSV data were *** operating characteristics curves,sensitivity,specificity,performance for doppler to predict need for revision were *** and multivariate analyses were used to predict clinical factors associated with need for TIPS *** The cohort consisted of 89 patients with cirrhosis(64%men,76%white,31%alcohol as etiology);median age 59 *** for initial TIPS were VB(41%),refractory ascites(51%),and other(8%).TIPS was revised in 44%.On univariate analysis,factors associated with need for TIPS revision were male(P=0.03),initial indication for TIPS(P=0.05)and indication for revision(P=0.01).Revision of TIPS was associated with lower mortality(26%vs 46%)and significantly lower rates of transplant(13%vs 24%;P=0.1).In predicting need for TIPS revision,DUS has a 40%sensitivity,45%specificity,PPV 78%,and NPV 14%.The most accurate location for shunt velocity measure was distal velocity(Area under the curve:0.79;P=0.0007).CONCLUSION DUS has poor overall sensitivity and specificity in predicting need for TIPS ***-invasive methods of predicting TIPS dysfunction are needed since those needing TIPS revision had better survival.

关键词： Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Doppler ultrasound Portal hypertension

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Ground Penetrating Radar 2nd

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丛书名： IEE Radar, Sonar, Navigation, and Avionics Series, Vol. 15

2004年

作者： David j. daniels

ISBN: (数字)9780863419928

ISBN: (纸本)9780863413605;9780863419928

Ground penetrating radar has come to public attention in recent criminal investigations, but has been a developing and maturing remote sensing field for some time. In the light of recent growth of the technique to a wide range of applications, the need for an up-to-date reference text has become pressing. This fully revised and expanded edition of David daniels''bestselling text, Surface-Penetrating Radar (IEE, 1996) presents, for the non-specialist user or engineer, all the key elements of this technique, which span several disciplines including electromagnetics, geophysics and signal processing. The book enables the user to assess the potential of the technique and apply it effectively with current *** new edition is a greatly expanded treatment of a radar technique that penetrates the surface of the ground or man-made structures and contains many additional contributions by leading experts in the field. Ground penetrating radar is increasingly used to examine archaeological sites, engineering structures (e.g. bridges, roads) etc., and has come to some prominence in forensic investigations. GPR is also used for the detection of landmines. The book presents the principles with an emphasis on practical applications and also includes a CD with many examples of GPR data and processing techniques as Mathcad worksheets.

关键词： Ground penetrating radar

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Identification of QTL and underlying genes for root system architecture associated with nitrate nutrition in hexaploid wheat

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journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第4期21卷 917-932页

作者： marcus GRIFFITHS jonathan A.ATKINSON Laura-jayne GARDINER Ranjan SWARUP Michael P.POUND Michael H.WILSON Malcolm j.BENNETT Darren M.WELLS School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLE125RDUK Future Food Beacon of Excellence University of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLE125RDUK Integrative Phenomics Group School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLE125RDUK IBM Research The Hartree CentreWarringtonWA44ADUK School of Computer Science University of NottinghamNottinghamNG81BBUK

The root system architecture(RSA) of a crop has a profound effect on the uptake of nutrients and consequently the potential yield. However, little is known about the genetic basis of RSA and resource adaptive responses in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.). Here, a high-throughput germination paper-based plant phenotyping system was used to identify seedling traits in a wheat doubled haploid mapping population, Savannah×Rialto. Significant genotypic and nitrate-N treatment variation was found across the population for seedling traits with distinct trait grouping for root size-related traits and root distribution-related traits. Quantitative trait locus(QTL) analysis identified a total of 59 seedling trait QTLs. Across two nitrate treatments, 27 root QTLs were specific to the nitrate treatment. Transcriptomic analyses for one of the QTLs on chromosome 2 D, which was found under low nitrate conditions, revealed gene enrichment in N-related biological processes and 28 differentially expressed genes with possible involvement in a root angle response. Together, these findings provide genetic insight into root system architecture and plant adaptive responses to nitrate, as well as targets that could help improve N capture in wheat.

关键词： doubled-haploid population nitrate RNA-seq quantitative trait loci root system architecture Triticum aestivum L.(wheat)

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Reconstruction of the male external genitalia in diverse disease processes:Our reconstructive algorithm,techniques,and experience

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Current Urology 2022年第3期16卷 185-190页

作者： Stefanie M.Croghan Caroline Kelly Anne E.daniels Linda Fitzgibbon Pádraig j.Daly Ivor M.Cullen Department of Urology and Andrology University Hospital WaterfordWaterfordX91 ER8EIreland Department of Urology Beaumont Hospital DublinDublinIreland

Background:Male genital form and function may be rendered abnormal by a number of disease processes,with profound associated psychological and functional *** aim of the study is to review our reconstructive experience with cases of genital loss or distortion due to nonmalignant diseases processes and atypical *** and methods:A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed to identify reconstructive cases performed from 2018 to 2020 under the care of a single *** patients 18 years or older with a disease diagnosis other than squamous cell carcinoma affecting genital form were *** processes,patient factors,surgical techniques,and both functional and cosmetic outcomes were ***:Fourteen cases were *** patients had a mean age of 52.2 years(range,21-72 years).Acquired buried penis was present in 8 *** of genital abnormality included balanitis xerotica obliterans(n=6),excess skin loss at circumcision(n=2),self-injection of petroleum jelly to penile shaft(n=1),Fournier gangrene(n=1),hidradenitis suppurativa(n=1),extramammary Paget disease(n=1),idiopathic lymphoedema(n=1),and penoscrotal webbing(n=1).Reconstructive techniques performed included penile debridement/shaft skin release,scrotectomy,suprapubic apronectomy,and division of penoscrotal webbing,in combination with split-thickness skin grafting where required.A penile implant was inserted in one *** planning,techniques,and outcomes are ***:A variety of reconstructive techniques in andrology can be used to improve the aesthetic and functional outcomes of multiple disease processes affecting the male external genitalia.

关键词： Male genitalia Genital reconstruction Genital skin grafts Buried penis Penoscrotal web Suprapubic apronectomy Balanitis xerotica obliterans Hidradenitis suppurativa Genital reconstruction algorithm

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