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Choroidal vascularity index in thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy:a crosssectional study

Eye and Vision 2021年第4期8卷 175-182页

作者： Pasquale Loiudice marco Pellegrini Michele Marinò Barbara Mazzi Ilaria Ionni Giuseppe Covello Michele Figus marco Nardi Giamberto Casini Department of Surgical Ophthalmology UnitMedicalMolecular and Critical Area PathologyUniversity of PisaVia Savi1056126 PisaItaly Ophthalmology Unit S.Orsola-Malpighi University HospitalUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Endocrinology Unit IUniversity Hospital of PisaPisaItaly

Background:Hemodynamic changes have been observed in patients with Graves’*** aim of our study was to evaluate choroidal vascular change using the choroidal vascularity index(CVI)in patients with thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy(TAO).Methods:In this cross-sectional observational study,40 patients affected by TAO were *** healthy individuals,matched for age and sex,served as *** enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans were obtained from all *** were binarized using the ImageJ software and luminal area(LA)and total choroidal area(TCA)were *** was calculated as the proportion of LA to *** relation between CVI or subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and clinical activity score,exophthalmometric value,diplopia status,gender,and age was ***:CVI was significantly higher in patients with TAO(P=0.004).No significant difference was observed in SFCT(P=0.200)and TCA(P=0.153)comparing TAO patients and healthy *** was significantly higher in TAO group(P=0.045).On multiple regression analysis,CVI was associated with TCA(P=0.043).No association was found between SFCT or CVI and TCA,clinical activity score,exophthalmometric value,Inami value,diplopia status,gender or age(P>0.05).Conclusions:This is the first study that has demonstrated an increase in CVI in eyes with TAO compared with healthy controls and has assessed its association with clinical features.

关键词： Choroidal vascularity index Choroidal vasculature Enhanced depth optical coherence tomography Image binarization Luminal area Subfoveal choroidal thickness Thyroid-associate ophthalmopathy

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A review of the sentinel prey method as a way of quantifying invertebrate predation under field conditions

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 528-542页

作者： Gabor L. Lovei marco Ferrante Department of Agroecology Flakkebjerg Research Centre Aarhus University Forsgsvej 1 DK-4200 Slagelse Denmark

Sentinel prey can provide a direct, quantitative measure of predation under field conditions. Live sentinel prey provides more realistic data but rarely allows the partitioning of the total predation pressure; artificial prey is less natural but traces left by different predators are identifiable, making it suitable for comparative studies. We reviewed the available evidence of the use of both types of invertebrate sentinel prey. Fifty- seven papers used real prey, usually measuring predation on a focal （often pest） species, with studies overwhelmingly from North America. The median predation was 25.8% d-1. Artificial sentinel prey （45 papers） were used in both temperate and tropical areas, placed more above ground than at ground level. The most commonly used artificial prey imitated a caterpillar. Up to 14 predator groups were identified, registering a median of 8.8% d J predation; half the studies reported only bird predation. Predation on real prey was higher than on artificial ones, but invertebrate predation was not higher than vertebrate predation. Invertertebrate but not vertebrate predation was negatively related to prey size. Predation near the Equator was not higher than at higher latitudes, nor in cultivated than noncultivated habitats. The use of sentinel prey is not yet standardised in terms of prey size, arrangement, exposure period or data reporting. Due to the simplicity and ease of use of the method, such standardisation may increase the usefulness of comparative studies, contributing to the understanding of the importance and level of predation in various habitats worldwide.

关键词： arthropods artificial caterpillar biological control ecosystem service mortality top-down effects

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Mapping and ultrastructure of antennal chemosensilla of the wheat bug Eurygaster maura

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 193-203页

作者： Roberto Romani marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali Facolt& di Agraria Universit& degli Studi di Perugia Perugia Italy

Antennae of the wheat stink bug Eurygaster maura L. （Hemiptera： Scutelleridae） were investigated to elucidate structure and distribution of antennal chemosensilla in females. Five type of sensilla were identified and characterized using a scanning electron microscope （SEM） and a transmission electron microscope （TEM）. Type 1 sensilla are mechanical and contact chemoreceptors with a single apical pore. Types 2 and 3 sensilla are multiporous chemoreceptors both with typical features of olfactory sensilla. Type 4 are multiporous peg-like sensilla, short and with a grooved surface. Type 5 are sensilla coeloconica with a smooth and aporous peg completely inserted in a sub-cuticular chamber. All types are distributed on the two flagellar segments, but we considered only the apical flagellomere in which the largest number of sensilla are located. The most abundant sensilla are type 3, while the less numerous are type 5. All types, except type 2, decreased in number from the tip to the base of the segment. The lower density of sensilla was recorded on the dorsal-internal part of the apical antennomere, while the higher density was recorded on the opposite side （external-ventral）.

关键词： functional anatomy gustatory sensilla Hemiptera olfactory sensilla thermo-hygro receptors

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Analysis of jacking forces during pipe jacking in granular materials using particle methods

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Underground Space 2019年第4期4卷 277-288页

作者： Xinbo Ji Pengpeng Ni marco Barla School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore The Fifth Engineering Co. Ltd.of ChinaTiesiju Civil Engineering GroupJiujiang 332000China Department of Structural Geotechnical and Building EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTurinItaly

Trenchless technology is often used in congested urban areas or river crossings to install underground pipelines to minimize disturbance to surface traffic or other *** jacking is a typical technique applied to jack pipe segments between two working ***,the design of the jacking force is usually implemented using empirical *** should be emphasized that the jacking force will change for each site,depending on the magnitude of overcut,lubricants,work stoppages,geology and misalignment.A particle method is proposed to estimate the jacking force along the *** microparameters are calibrated for sandy soils in Shenyang,so that the macroscale material behavior can be reproduced using the particle ***,the normal force around the pipe circumference can be derived in the particle model,after which the interface friction coefficient is applied to evaluate the friction resistance mobilized at the soil-pipe interface.A modified Protodyakonov’s arch model can be used to assess the magnitude of earth pressure acting on the shield *** the end,the combination of friction resistance and face pressure provides the jacking *** efficacy of the proposed particle method is demonstrated by comparing calculated jacking forces with those measured in the field for three types of jacking machines in sandy soils under the Hun River,Shenyang.

关键词： Pipe jacking Jacking force Particle methods Distinct element

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A feasibility study on the design and walking operation of a biped locomotor via dynamic simulation

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第2期11卷 144-158页

作者： Mingfeng WANG marco CECCARELLI Giuseppe CARBONE School Of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central SouthUniversity Changsha 410083 China Laboratory of Robotics andMechatronics (LARM) DICeM University of Cassino and SouthLatium Cassino 03043 Italy Laboratory of Robotics and Mechatronics (LARM) DICeM Universityof Cassino and South Latium Cassino 03043 Italy

A feasibility study on the mechanical design and walking operation of a Cassino biped locomotor is presented in this paper. The biped locomotor consists of two identical 3 degrees-of-freedom tripod leg mechanisms with a parallel manipulator architecture. Planning of the biped walking gait is performed by coordinating the motions of the two leg mechanisms and waist. A three- dimensional model is elaborated in SolidWorks environ- ment in order to characterize a feasible mechanical design. Dynamic simulation is carried out in *** environment with the aims of characterizing and evaluat- ing the dynamic walking design. Simulation results performance of the proposed show that the proposed biped locomotor with proper input motions of linear actuators performs practical and feasible walking on fiat surfaces with limited actuation and reaction forces between its feet and the ground. A preliminary prototype of the biped locomotor is built for the purpose of evaluating the operation performance of the biped walking gait of the proposed locomotor.

关键词： feasibility study biped locomotor bipedwalking mechanical design dynamic simulation tripodleg mechanism 3-UPU parallel manipulator

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Perianal Crohn's disease: Is there something new?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 1939-1946页

作者： Cesare Ruffolo Marilisa Citton marco Scarpa Imerio Angriman marco Massani Ezio Caratozzolo Nicolò Bassi Ⅱ Department of Surgery (IV unit) Regional Hospital Ca' Foncello 31100 Treviso Italy Department of Surgicaland Gastroenterological Sciences University of Padova 35122 Padua Padova Italy Department of Oncological Surgery VenetoOncological Institute 35100 Padova Italy Department of Surgicaland Gastroenterological Sciences University of Padova 35122Padua Padova Italy

Perianal lesions are common in patients with Crohn's disease, and display aggressive behavior in some cases. An accurate diagnosis is necessary for the optimal management of perianal lesions. Treatment of perianal Crohn's disease includes medical and/or surgical options. Recent discoveries in the pathogenesis of this disease have led to advances in medical and surgical therapy with good results. Perianal lesions in Crohn's disease remain a challenging aspect for both gastroenterologists and surgeons and lead to a greatly impaired quality of life for all patients affected by this disease. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory to obtain the best results.

关键词： Crohn disease Diagnosis Biologic therapy Surgery Rectal fistula

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Determining relative block structure rating for rock erodibility evaluation in the case of non-orthogonal joint sets

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第1期11卷 72-87页

作者： Lamine Boumaiza Ali Saeidi marco Quirion Department of Applied Saences University of Quebec at Chicoutimi Hydro-Quebec

The most commonly used method for assessing the hydraulic erodibility of rock is Annandale's *** method is based on a correlation between the erosive force of flowing water and the capacity of rock resistance. This capacity is evaluated using Kirsten's index, which was initially developed to evaluate the excavatability of earth materials. For rocky material, this index is determined according to certain geomechanical factors related to intact rock and rock mass, such as compressive strength of intact rock, rock block size, discontinuity shear strength and relative block structure. To quantify the relative block structure, Kirsten(1982) developed a mathematical expression that accounts for the shape and orientation of the blocks relative to the direction of flow. Kirsten's initial concept for assessing the relative block structure considers that the geological formation is mainly fractured by two joint sets forming an orthogonally fractured system. An adjusted concept is proposed to determine the relative block structure when the fractured system is non-orthogonal where the angle between the planes of the two joint sets is greater or less than 90°. An analysis of the proposed relative block structure rating shows that considering a non-orthogonally fractured system has a significant effect on Kirsten's index and, as a consequence, on the assessment of the hydraulic erodibility of rock.

关键词： Fractured rock Dip angle Dip direction Joint spacing Relative block structure Hydraulic erodibility of rock Annandale’s method Kirsten’s index

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Preface to special topic on information and intelligent metasurfaces

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National Science Review 2023年第8期10卷 7-8页

作者： Tie Jun Cui marco Di Renzo Southeast University Université Paris-Saclay

In the past decades, information science and technology has developed rapidly, but has also encountered some *** further development requires some original driving force of underlying physics(such as quantum mechanics...

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Design and simulation of a cable-pulley-based transmission for artificial ankle joints

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第2期11卷 170-183页

作者： Huaxin LIU marco CECCARELLI Qiang HUANG Intelligent Robotics Institute School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems (Beijing Institute of Technology) Ministry of Education Beijing 100081 China Laboratory of Robotics and Mechatronics (LARM) DICeM University of Cassino and South Latium Cassino 03043 Italy Beijing Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems Beijing 100081 China

In this paper, a mechanical transmission based on cable pulley is proposed for human-like actuation in the artificial ankle joints of human-scale. The anatomy articular characteristics of the human ankle is discussed for proper biomimetic inspiration in designing an accurate, efficient, and robust motion control of artificial ankle joint devices. The design procedure is presented through the inclusion of conceptual considerations and design details for an interactive solution of the transmission system. A mechanical design is elaborated for the ankle joint angular with pitch motion. A multi-body dynamic simulation model is elaborated accordingly and evaluated numerically in the ADAMS environment. Results of the numerical simulations are discussed to evaluate the dynamic performance of the proposed design solution and to investigate the feasibility of the proposed design in future applications for humanoid robots.

关键词： biomimetic designs ankle joints cable-pulleytransmissions multi-body dynamic simulation numericalcharacterization

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How regenerative medicine and tissue engineering may complement the available armamentarium in gastroenterology?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第47期18卷 6908-6917页

作者： marco Carbone Jan Lerut James Neuberger Liver Unit Addenbrookes HospitalCambridge CB2 0QQUnited Kingdom Starzl Abdominal Transplant Unit University Hospitals St.LucUniversité Catholique de LouvainB-1200 BruxellesBelgium Organ Donation and Transplantation NHS Blood and TransplantFox Den RoadBristol BS34 8RRUnited Kingdom

The increasing shortage of donors and the adverse effects of immunosuppression have restricted the impact of solid organ *** the initial promising developments in xenotransplantation,roadblocks still need to be overcome and this form of organ support remains a long way from clinical *** hepatocyte transplantation may be effectively correct metabolic defects,it is far less effective in restoring liver function than liver *** engineering,using extracellular matrix scaffolds with an intact but decellularized vascular network that is repopulated with autologous or allogeneic stem cells and/or adult cells,holds great promise for the treatment of failure of organs within gastrointestinal tract,such as endstage liver disease,pancreatic insufficiency,bowel failure and type 1 *** in the liver field,where there is a significant mortality of patients awaiting transplant,human bioengineering may offer a source of readily available organs for *** use of autologous cells will mitigate the need for long term immunosuppression thus removing a major hurdle in transplantation.

关键词： Regenerative medicine Tissue engineering Organ transplantation Cellular transplantation Xenotransplantation

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