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Optimal length of triple therapy for H pylori eradication in a population with high prevalence of infection in Chile

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第21期13卷 2967-2972页

作者： Arnoldo Riquelme Alejandro Soza Cesar Pedreros Andrea Bustamante Felipe Valenzuela Francisco Otarola Eduardo Abbott marco Arellano Brenda Medina Alejandro Pattillo Douglas Greig marco arrese Antonio Rollan Department of Gastroenterology Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Hospital de Urgencia Asistencia Pública SantiagoChile Department of Internal Medicine Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

AIM:To compare the efficacy of 7-d versus 14-d triple therapy for the treatment of H pylori infection in Chile,with a prevalence of 73% in general population. METHODS:H pylori-infected patients diagnosed by rapid urease test,with non-ulcer dyspepsia or peptic ulcer disease were randomized to receive omeprazole 20 mg bid,amoxicillin 1 g bid,and clarithromycin 500 mg bid for 7 (OAC7) or 14 (OAC14) d. Primary outcome was eradication rate 6 wk after the treatment. Subgroup analysis was carried out considering the eradication rate among patients with or without peptic ulcer disease and eradication rate among smokers or non-smokers. RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-one patients were randomized to OAC7 (n = 69) or OAC14 (n = 62). The overall eradication rate (intention-to-treat) was 78.3% in OAC7 and 85.5% in OAC14 groups,without a significant difference (P =0.37). No significant difference in the eradication rate was found among the patients with peptic ulcer disease (n = 31) between the OAC7 group (85.7%) and OAC14 group (87.5%). However,smokers had an obviously lower eradication rate compared to non-smokers,particularly in the OAC7 group (57.1% in smokers vs 83.6% in non-smokers; P = 0.06). Adverse effects rate were similar between both groups. CONCLUSION:Short-term efficacy of triple therapy with OAC for 7 d is comparable to 14 d in this high-prevalence population. Longer follow-up,and studies focused to some subgroups of patients (smokers and non-ulcerpatients) are necessary to support widespread use of 7-d instead of 10-14-d triple therapy in a developing country like Chile.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic treatment Omeprazole Amoxicillin Clarithromycin Quasirandomized controlled trial

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related hepatocellular carcinoma:Is there a role for immunotherapy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3595-3607页

作者： Ângelo Z Mattos Jose D Debes Arndt Vogel marco arrese Xavier Revelo Tales Henrique S Pase Muriel Manica Angelo A Mattos Graduate Program in Medicine:Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Department of Medicine University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam 999025Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndocrinologyHannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany Department of Gastroenterology School of Medicine and Center for Aging and RegenerationFaculty of Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago 3580000Chile Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Internal Medicine Unit Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Brazil

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is among the most common cancers and it is a major cause of cancer-related ***-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)affects approximately one fourth of individuals worldwide and it is becoming one of the most important causes of *** pathogenic mechanisms leading to NAFLD-related HCC are complex and not completely ***,metabolic,fibrogenic,oncogenic,inflammatory and immunological pathways seem to be ***-line therapy of advanced HCC has recently undergone major changes,since the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab was proven to increase survival when compared to *** immune-oncology drugs are also demonstrating promising results in patients with advanced HCC when compared to traditional systemic ***,initial studies raised concerns that the advantages of immunotherapy might depend on the underlying liver disease,which seems to be particularly important in NAFLD-related HCC,as these tumors might not benefit from *** article will review the mechanisms of NAFLD-related hepatocarcinogenesis,with an emphasis on its immune aspects,the efficacy of traditional systemic therapy for advanced NAFLD-related HCC,and the most recent data on the role of immunotherapy for this specific group of patients,showing that the management of this condition should be individualized and that a general recommendation cannot be made at this time.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatocarcinogenesis Immunology Immunotherapy Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Current and emerging therapies for alcohol-associated hepatitis

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Liver Research 2023年第1期7卷 35-46页

作者： Francisco Idalsoaga Gustavo Ayares Luis Antonio Díaz Jorge Arnold María Ayala-Valverde David Hudson marco arrese Juan Pablo Arab Department of Gastroenterology School of MedicinePontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiagoChile Internal Medicine Service Hospital El PinoCritical Patient UnitClinica DavilaSantiagoChile Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSchulich School of MedicineWestern University&London Health Sciences CentreLondonOntarioCanada Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Schulich School of MedicineWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Alimentiv LondonOntarioCanada

Alcohol-related liver disease(ALD)encompasses a spectrum of diseases caused by excessive alcohol *** includes hepatic steatosis,steatohepatitis,variable degrees of fibrosis,cirrhosis,and alcohol-associated hepatitis(AH),the latter being the most severe acute form of the *** AH is associated with high mortality(reaching up to 30%e50%)at 90 *** cornerstone of ALD,and particularly AH,treatment continues to be abstinence,accompanied by support measures such as nutritional supplementation and management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome(AWS).In severe AH with model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score21,corticosteroids can be used,especially MELD score between 25 and 39,where the highest benefit is *** key aspects of treatment include the early identification of infections and their associated management and the proper identification of potential candidates for liver *** development of new therapies based on the pathophysiology and mechanisms of liver injury are *** includes the modulation and management of the innate immune response,gut dysbiosis,bacterial translocation,and bacteria-derived products from the *** hold promise for the future of AH treatment.

关键词： Alcohol-associated hepatitis(AH) Alcohol-related liver disease(ALD) Alcohol use disorder(AUD) AUD treatment Nutritional therapy Steroids therapy Cirrhosis Fibrosis

High prevalence of hepatic steatosis and vascular thrombosis in COVID-19:A systematic review and meta-analysis of autopsy data

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第48期26卷 7693-7706页

作者： Luis Antonio Díaz Francisco Idalsoaga Macarena Cannistra Roberto Candia Daniel Cabrera Francisco Barrera Alejandro Soza Rondell Graham Arnoldo Riquelme marco arrese Michael D Leise Juan Pablo Arab Department of Gastroenterology Escuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago 8320000Chile Department of Internal Medicine Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago 8320000Chile School of Medicine Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago 8320000Chile Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Bernardo O'HigginsSantiago 8320000Chile Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic RochesterMinnesotaMN 55902United States Católica de Chile Santiago 8320000Chile Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic RochesterMinnesotaMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disease can frequently affect the *** on hepatic histopathological findings in COVID-19 is *** To characterize hepatic pathological findings in patients with *** We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis registered on PROSPERO(CRD42020192813),following PRISMA *** trials were those including patients of any age and COVID-19 diagnosis based on a molecular *** reports from deceased COVID-19 patients undergoing autopsy or liver biopsy were *** including less than ten patients were *** were pooled using random-effects models.Q statistic and I2 were used to assess heterogeneity and levels of evidence,*** We identified 18 studies from 7 countries;all were case reports and case series from *** the patients were over 15 years old,and 67.2%were *** performed a meta-analysis of 5 studies,including 116 *** prevalence estimates of liver histopathological findings were hepatic steatosis 55.1%[95%confidence interval(CI):46.2-63.8],congestion of hepatic sinuses 34.7%(95%CI:7.9-68.4),vascular thrombosis 29.4%(95%CI:0.4-87.2),fibrosis 20.5%(95%CI:0.6-57.9),Kupffer cell hyperplasia 13.5%(95%CI:0.6-54.3),portal inflammation 13.2%(95%CI:0.1-48.8),and lobular inflammation 11.6%(95%CI:0.3-35.7).We also identified the presence of venous outflow obstruction,phlebosclerosis of the portal vein,herniated portal vein,periportal abnormal vessels,hemophagocytosis,and *** We found a high prevalence of hepatic steatosis and vascular thrombosis as major histological liver *** frequent findings included portal and lobular inflammation and Kupffer cell hyperplasia or *** studies are needed to establish the mechanisms and implications of these findings.

关键词： Pathology SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Autopsies Liver Liver biopsies

Hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:A growing challenge

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第9期13卷 1107-1121页

作者： Angelo Z Mattos Jose D Debes Renu Dhanasekaran Jihane N Benhammou marco arrese Andre Luiz V Patricio Amanda C Zilio Angelo A Mattos Graduate Program in Medicine:Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and of GastroenterologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 CNSouth HollandNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Gastroenterology Pontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiago 3580000Chile

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common cause of liver disease worldwide,and its prevalence increases *** it predisposes to hepatocellular carcinoma both in the presence and in the absence of cirrhosis,it is not surprising that the incidence of NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma would also *** of the mechanisms involved in hepatocarcinogenesis are particular to individuals with fatty liver,and they help explain why liver cancer develops even in patients without *** and immune-mediated mechanisms seem to play an important role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in this ***,it is consensual that patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis should be surveilled with ultrasonography every 6 mo(with or without alpha-fetoprotein),but it is known that they are less likely to follow this recommendation than individuals with other kinds of liver ***,the performance of the methods of surveillance are lower in NAFLD than they are in other liver ***,it is not clear which subgroups of patients without cirrhosis should undergo *** the mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis in NAFLD could hopefully lead to the identification of biomarkers to be used in the surveillance for liver cancer in these *** improving surveillance,tumors could be detected in earlier stages,amenable to curative treatments.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatocarcinogenesis Surveillance

Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:An evidence-based clinical practice review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12182-12201页

作者： Juan P Arab Roberto Candia Rodrigo Zapata Cristián Mu?oz Juan P Arancibia Jaime Poniachik Alejandro Soza Francisco Fuster Javier Brahm Edgar Sanhueza Jorge Contreras M Carolina Cuellar marco arrese Arnoldo Riquelme Departamento de Gastroenterología Escuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile8330024 SantiagoChile Sección de Gastroenterología Hospital del SalvadorEscuela de MedicinaUniversidad de Chile7500922 SantiagoChile Unidad de Gastroenterología Universidad del DesarrolloClínica Alemana7650568 SantiagoChile Unidad de Trasplante Hepático Hospital del SalvadorUnidad de GastroenterologíaClínica Las Lilas7510524 SantiagoChile Sección de Gastroenterología Departamento de MedicinaHospital Clínico Universidad de ChileChile8380456 SantiagoChile Sección de Gastroenterología Hospital Clínico Universidad de ChileEscuela de MedicinaUniversidad de Chile8380456 SantiagoChile Digestive Diseases Unit Clínica Re?aca2540364 Vi?a del MarChile Gastroenterology Department Clínica Las Condes6770128 SantiagoChile Centre for Medical Education Escuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile8330024 SantiagoChile

AIM: To build a consensus among Chilean specialists on the appropriate management of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in clinical practice.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Steatosis Consensus Evidence-based medicine Treatment

Overlapping approach Proton Pump Inhibitors/Nux vomica-Heel as new intervention for gastro-esophageal reflux management:Delphi consensus study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2467-2478页

作者： Edda Battaglia Luciano Bertolusso marco Del Prete marco Monzani marco Astegiano Gastroenterology Unit ASLTO4Ivrea 10015TurinItaly General Practitioner ASL CN2Alba-Bra 12051CuneoItaly Specialist in Nephrology International Academy of Physiological Regulating Medicine Milan 20100Italy Specialist in Endocrinology Territorial Social and Health Authority of BrianzaMonza 20900Italy Gastroenterology Specialist Retired from Gastroenterology and Hepatology UnitAOU Cittàdella Salute e della ScienzaTurin 10123Italy

BACKGROUND Gastro-esophageal reflux disease(GERD)may affect the upper digestive tract;up to 20%of population in Western nations are affected by ***,histamine H2-receptor antagonists,and Proton Pump Inhibitors(PPIs)are considered the referring medications for ***,PPIs must be managed carefully because their use,especially chronic,could be linked with some adverse *** effective and safe alternative pharmacological tool for GERD is *** the identification of potentially new medications to flank PPIs,it is mandatory to revise and improve good clinical practices even through a consensus *** To optimize diagnosis and treatment guidelines for GERD through a consensus based on Delphi *** The availability of clinical studies describing the action of the multicomponent/multitarget medication Nux vomica-Heel,subject of the consensus,is the basic prerequisite for the consensus itself.A modified Delphi process was used to reach a consensus among a panel of Italian GERD specialists on the overlapping approach PPIs/Nux vomica-Heel as a new intervention model for the management of *** Voting Consensus group was composed of 49 Italian Medical Doctors with different specializations:Gastroenterology,otolaryngology,geriatrics,and general medicine.A scientific committee analyzed the literature,determined areas that required investigation(in agreement with the multiple-choice questionnaire results),and identified two topics of interest:(1)GERD disease;and(2)GERD *** for each of these topics were then formulated and *** Delphi process involved two rounds of questioning submitted to the panel experts using an online *** According to their routinary GERD practice and current clinical evidence,the panel members provided feedback to each questionnaire *** experts evaluated 15 statements and reached consensus on all *** statements regarding the GERD disease showed high levels of

关键词： Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Proton Pump Inhibitors Consensus Nux vomica-Heel Overlapping Decalage

Microglia out of place—mapping macrophages across the developing human body

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 210-212页

作者： Roman Sankowski marco Prinz Institute of Neuropathology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Signalling Research Centres BIOsS and CIBSs University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Macrophages(MΦs)are versatile cells found in every *** the body,they work tirelessly to maintain *** this end,they are instructed by their respective niches to express organ-specific genes and proteins,resulting in a variety of cell morphologies and highly specialized functions across different tissues[1].A recent study by Wang et *** single-cell RNA sequencing to comprehensively profile human MΦphenotypes across 19 organs between postconception weeks(PCW)4 and 26[2].This study revealed a surprising diversity of these cells and suggests new avenues of research.

关键词： organs instru

Potential and progress of studying mountain biodiversity by means of butterfly genetics and genomics

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 292-301页

作者： Shuting Wang marco Girardello Wei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China cE3c-Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity GroupFaculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e do AmbienteUniversidade dos Açores9700-042 Angra do HeroísmoTerceiraPortugal

Mountains are rich in biodiversity,and butterflies are species-rich and have a good ecological and evolutionary research *** review addresses the potential and progress of studying mountain biodiversity using butterflies as a *** discuss the uniqueness of mountain ecosystems,factors influencing the distribution of mountain butterflies,representative genetic and evolutionary models in butterfly research,and evolutionary studies of mountain biodiversity involving butterfly genetics and ***,we demonstrate the necessity of studying mountain butterflies and propose future *** review provides insights for studying the biodiversity of mountain butterflies as well as a summary of research methods for reference.

关键词： Mountain ecosystem Butterfly Biodiversity Adaptation Genomics Genetics