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Characteristics of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Young Children before the Introduction of PCV13 in Lombardy, Italy

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World Journal of Vaccines 2012年第3期2卷 143-150页

作者： Giovanni Radaelli Enrica Riva marcello giovannini Department of Pediatrics San Paolo Hospital University of Milan Via A. Di Rudinì 8 Milan Italy

An active surveillance system of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) started on September 2008 in Lombardy, Italy, among children aged less than 60 months and admitted for suspicion of IPD at emergency room of ten hospitals. This study examined the clinical characteristics of children enrolled up to December 2010, that is just before the introduction in this region of voluntary mass vaccination, free of charge, based on the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Two hundred fifty one children were suspected and 20 were confirmed as having IPD, based on isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood. Thirty-nine percent of children had received pneumococcal vaccination previously, and full vaccination with three doses of hepta-valent vaccine (PCV7) had been administered in 21.4%. Co-morbidity conditions were more frequent in children with confirmed than non-confirmed IPD (10.0% vs. 0.9%). The annual incidence rate of confirmed IPD was 28.6/100,000 (binomial 95% confidence interval, 18.6 to 44.1/100,000. Among confirmed IPD children, 11 exhibited pneumonia with bacteremia, 6 bacteremia without focus, 2 septicemia, 1 meningitis. Seventeen (85%) isolates were identified, and nine serotypes. The overall serotype coverage was 29.4% for PCV7 and 82.3% for PCV13. In non-vaccinated children, the coverage of PCV7 and PCV13 was 41.7% and 75.0%, respectively. Non-vaccine serotypes 12B, 15C, and 23B were identified. Antibiotic resistance was found in seven children, that is against penicillin (serotype 15C), erythromycin (14, 19A, 19F), tetracycline (15C, 19F), chloramphenicol (23F), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (23F). Two of these children had received antibiotic therapy (penicillin or azithromycin) during the week before hospital admission. The coverage vaccination rate in Lombardy was relatively low during the surveillance period and serotype distribution widespread. The introduction of PCV13 and a mass vaccination program in young children might impact posi

关键词： Streptococcus Pneumoniae Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Serotype Pneumococcal Vaccine Children

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Cardiovascular disease risk factor profiles in children with celiac disease on gluten-free diets

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第34期19卷 5658-5664页

作者： Lorenzo Norsa Raanan Shamir Noam Zevit Elvira Verduci Corina Hartman Diana Ghisleni Enrica Riva marcello giovannini Department of Pediatrics San Paolo Hospital University of Milan Institute of Gastroenterology Nutrition and Liver DiseasesSchneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel-Aviv University marcello giovannini Università degli Studi di Milano

AIM:To describe the cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk factors in a population of children with celiac disease(CD)on a gluten-free diet(GFD).METHODS:This cross-sectional multicenter study was performed at Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel(Petach Tiqva,Israel),and San Paolo Hospital(Milan,Italy).We enrolled 114 CD children in serologic remission,who were on a GFD for at least one *** enrollment,anthropometric measurements,blood lipids and glucose were assessed,and compared to values at *** homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance was calculated as a measure of insulin ***:Three or more concomitant CVD risk factors[body mass index,waist circumference,low density lipoprotein(LDL)cholesterol,triglycerides,blood pressure and insulin resistance]were identified in 14%of CD subjects on a *** most common CVD risk factors were high fasting triglycerides(34.8%),elevated blood pressure(29.4%),and high concentrations of calculated LDL cholesterol(24.1%).On a GFD,four children(3.5%)had insulin *** insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the Italian cohort compared to the Israeli cohort(P<0.001).Children on a GFD had an increased prevalence of borderline LDL cholesterol(24%)when compared to values(10%)at diagnosis(P=0.090).Trends towards increases in overweight(from 8.8%to 11.5%)and obesity(from 5.3%to 8.8%)were seen on a ***:This report of insulin resistance and CVD risk factors in celiac children highlights the importance of CVD screening,and the need for dietary counseling targeting CVD prevention.

关键词： Celiac disease Cardiovascular disease risk factors Gluten-free diet Insulin resistance Children Hyperlipidemia Cholesterol

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Changes of liver fat content and transaminases in obese children after 12-mo nutritional intervention

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第9期5卷 505-512页

作者： Elvira Verduci Carlo Pozzato Giuseppe Banderali Giovanni Radaelli Chiara Arrizza Antonio Rovere Enrica Riva marcello giovannini Department of Pediatrics San Paolo HospitalUniversity of Milan20142MilanItaly Unit of Medical Statistics San Paolo HospitalUniversity of Milan20142 MilanItaly Department of Radiology San Paolo Hospital20142 MilanItaly

AIM:To assess a relationship between longitudinal changes in liver fat content and biochemical parameters in obese children after 1-year nutritional ***:Forty-six obese children, 21 males and 25females, aged 6-14 years, underwent metabolic measurements, liver ultrasonography(US) and chemicalshift magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) examinations at baseline and after 1-year nutritional intervention. A child was defined obese if her/his body mass index(BMI)was above the age- and sex-adjusted BMI Cole's curve passing through the cut-off of 30 kg/m2 at 18 *** Z scores were calculated and adjusted for age and gender by using the Cole's LMS-method and Italian reference data. Biochemistry included serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST). Abdominal US and chemical-shift MRI were performed according to a randomized *** same radiologist performed US by a GE Logiq 9(General Electric Healthcare Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, United States) using a 3.5-MHz convex array transducer. Liver echogenicity was evaluated independently on videotape by 3 radiologists unaware of the child and MRI outcomes, and a consensus was established. Another experienced radiologist, unaware of the child and US data, performed the abdominal chemicalshift MRI with a 1-t system NT-Intera(Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands) and a phased-array coil. Liver fat fraction(FF) on MRI was judged elevated when greater than 9%. A FF>18% was considered expressing more severe cases of fatty liver according to Fishbein. A nutritional-behavioral intervention was recommended to promote a normocaloric balanced diet and active lifestyle based on the Italian guidelines for treatment of childhood ***:Compared to baseline, at the end of intervention children showed lower intakes of energy(mean± SD:2549±1238 Kcal vs 1770±622 Kcal, P<0.0001), total fat(90±47 g vs 52± 23g, P<0.0001),carbohydrates(356±174g vs 241±111 g, P=0.001),and protein(99±

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Childhood obesity Serum transaminases Magnetic resonance imaging Nutritional intervention

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What China's Medal Tally Tells Us

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Beijing Review 2024年第34期67卷 26-26页

作者： Matteo giovannini Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Beijing-based think tank Center for China and Globalization

Team China's performance at the Paris 2024Olympic SummerGameswas *** from the Chinese mainland took home 91 medals,their greatest achievement in an overseas Olympic *** audiences consider this feat a reflection of Chi... 详细信息

关键词： mainland breaking competitive

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Swiping Through Borders

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Beijing Review 2024年第40期67卷 22-22页

作者： Matteo giovannini the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China the Beijing-based think tank Center for China and Globalization

China's aspiration to become a global financial powerhouse is a big part of a/broader strategy to elevate its influence on the world stage,diversify its economic growth and reduce dependence on foreign financial *** the world's second largest economy,China has already made strides in economic and technological advancements,but building a world-class financial sector remains one of the country's most important objectives.

关键词： financial systems. advancement

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Beijing's Central Axis Crowned With World Heritage Status

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Beijing Review 2024年第32期67卷 24-24页

作者： Matteo giovannini the Beijing-based think tank Centerfor China and Globalization

Flor a nation,having a local legacy recognized as a World Heritage site is a prestigious *** brings immediate global recognition,economic opportunities,and responsibilities,while supporting the preservation of the cul... 详细信息

关键词： accomplishment supporting World

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Endoscopic resection of superficial gastrointestinal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4600-4606页

作者： giovannini Marc Cesar Vivian Lopes Endoscopic Unit Paoli-Calmettes Institute232 Bd St-Marguerite Cedex 13273 France

Therapeutic endoscopy plays a major role in the management of gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasia. Its indications can be generalized into four broad categories; to remove or obliterate neoplastic lesion, to palliate malignant obstruction, or to treat bleeding. Only endoscopic resection allows complete histological staging of the cancer, which is critical as it allows stratification and refinement for further treatment. Although other endoscopic techniques, such as ablation therapy, may also cure early GI cancer, they can not provide a definitive pathological specimen. Early stage lesions reveal low frequency of lymph node metastasis which allows for less invasive treatments and thereby improving the quality of life when compared to surgery. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are now accepted worldwide as treatment modalities for early cancers of the GI tract.

关键词： Superficial gastrointestinal cancers Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosaldissection Lymph node spreading Esophagus Stomach Colorectal

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Vortex　Simulation　of　Axisymmetrical　Flows　in　Cylindrical　***：Application　to　Pipes　Incorporating　an　Orifice　Plate

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Journal of Thermal Science 1995年第4期4卷 221-228页

作者： André giovannini Yves Gagnon Université Paul Sabatier and Centre d’études et de recherches de Toulouse Toulouse France Université de Moncton Campus d’Edmundston Edmundston Canada

The Random Vortex Method extended to an azisymmetrical flow is used in the study of the flow field inside pipes incorporating an orifice plate with different contraction ratios and different inlet velocity profiles. Three test-cases, each having experimental measurements available in the literature, are studied. In particular, instantaneous and average velocity fields along with the turbulent statistics for high Reynolds number flows are computed and compared to the corresponding experimental *** comparisons show the ability and the citations of the method. The results of the numerical simulations are used in the physical analysis of the flow fields and thus allow for a better understanding of the dynamics of the flow in pipes incorporating an orifice plate.

关键词： orifice plate axisymmetrical flows vorticity.

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Attosecond magnetization dynamics in non-magnetic materials driven by intense femtosecond lasers

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1959-1968页

作者： Ofer Neufeld Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean Umberto De giovannini Hannes Hübener Angel Rubio Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Hamburg 22761Germany Universitàdegli Studi di Palermo Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica—Emilio SegrèPalermo I-90123Italy Center for Computational Quantum Physics(CCQ) The Flatiron InstituteNew YorkNY 10010USA

Irradiating solids with ultrashort laser pulses is known to initiate femtosecond timescale magnetization ***,sub-femtosecond spin dynamics have not yet been observed or ***,we explore ultrafast light-driven spin dynamics in a highly nonresonant strong-field *** state-of-the-art ab initio calculations,we predict that a nonmagnetic material can transiently transform into a magnetic one via dynamical extremely nonlinear spin-flipping processes,which occur on attosecond timescales and are mediated by cascaded multi-photon and spin–orbit *** are nonperturbative nonresonant analogs to the inverse Faraday effect,allowing the magnetization to evolve in very high harmonics of the laser frequency(*** up to the 42nd,oscillating at~100 attoseconds),and providing control over the speed of magnetization by tuning the laser power and ***,we show that even for linearly polarized driving,where one does not intuitively expect the onset of an induced magnetization,the magnetization transiently oscillates as the system interacts with *** response is enabled by transverse light-driven currents in the solid,and typically occurs on timescales of~500 attoseconds(with the slower femtosecond response suppressed).An experimental setup capable of measuring these dynamics through pump–probe transient absorption spectroscopy is *** results pave the way for attosecond regimes of manipulation of magnetism.

关键词： tuning transient dynamics

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Combined Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Roughness Effects on the Aerodynamic Performances of LPT Blades

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第1期25卷 32-42页

作者： Marco Berrino Fabio Bigoni Daniele Simoni Matteo giovannini Michele Marconcini Roberto Pacciani Francesco Bertini DIME-Universita di Genova Via Montallegro116145GenovaItaly DIEF-Universita di Firenze Via Santa Marta350139FirenzeItaly GE Avio R&D Via I Maggio9910140Rivalta(TO)Italy

The aerodynamic performance of a high-load low-pressure turbine blade cascade has been analyzed for three different distributed surface roughness levels(Ra) for steady and unsteady inflows. Results from CFD simulations and experiments are presented for two different Reynolds numbers(300000 and 70000 representative of take-off and cruise conditions, respectively) in order to evaluate the roughness effects for two typical operating conditions. Computational fluid dynamics has been used to support and interpret experimental results, analyzing in detail the flow field on the blade surface and evaluating the non-dimensional local roughness parameters, further contributing to understand how and where roughness have some influence on the aerodynamic performance of the blade. The total pressure distributions in the wake region have been measured by means of a five-hole miniaturized pressure probe for the different flow conditions, allowing the evaluation of profile losses and of their dependence on the surface finish, as well as a direct comparison with the simulations. Results reported in the paper clearly highlight that only at the highest Reynolds number tested(Re=300000) surface roughness have some influence on the blade performance, both for steady and unsteady incoming flows. In this flow condition profile losses grow as the surface roughness increases, while no appreciable variations have been found at the lowest Reynolds number. The boundary layer evolution and the wake structure have shown that this trend is due to a thickening of the suction side boundary layer associated to an anticipation of transition process. On the other side, no effects have been observed on the pressure side boundary layer.

关键词： low-pressure turbine high-load profile roughness unsteady inflow CFD

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