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The influence of disturbance on driving carbon stocks and tree dynamics of riparian forests in Cerrado

Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第3期11卷 401-410页

作者： Matheus Henrique nunes marcela de castro nunes santos terra Izabela Regina Cardoso de Oliveira Eduardo van den Berg department of Plant Sciences University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridge CB23EAUK department of Forest Sciences Federal University of Lavras1001Doutor Sylvio Menicucci AvenueLavras 37200-000Brazil department of Exact Science Federal University of Lavras1001Doutor Sylvio Menicucci AvenueLavras 37200-000Brazil department of Biology Federal University of Lavras1001Doutor Sylvio Menicucci AvenueLavras 37200-000Brazil

Aims Riparian forests in the Brazilian Cerrado,also known as gallery forests,are very heterogeneous in structure,species composition and ecological features due to strong and abrupt variations of soil,hydrological and topographic ***,what are the variables driving forest carbon stock and productivity,mortality and recruitment in disturbed gallery forests?Methods We used 36 permanent plots data from a gallery forest in the Brazilian *** investigated how tree community dynam-ics vary in a gallery forest on two contrasting disturbance levels-logged and non-logged-across a topographic gradient intrinsically related to differences in moisture conditions,edge effects,as well as soil fertility and *** Findings Soil variables were reduced into principal components and we used structural equation modelling to disentangle covarying *** also included carbon stocks as a determinant variable of dynamics *** forest had 50%higher productivity than non-logged forest and streamside forest had aboveground carbon stocks 70%higher than the forest *** logging and natural disturbance drove variation in the carbon stocks which contributed to shaping productivity and recruitment *** from the river also drove mortality and carbon stock *** with high-carbon stocks favoured higher competition and lessened produc-tivity and recruitment *** soil fertility and texture are considered crucial components shaping forest dynamics,there was no clear influence of those variables on the present forest,probably because the strong effects of soil moisture,forest edge and distur-bance disrupted the correlation between soil and forest dynamics.

关键词： riparian vegetation topography soil properties disturbance gallery forest structural equation modelling

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What can natural edges of gallery forests teach us about woody community performance in sharp ecotones?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 937-948页

作者： Gabriela Aparecida de Oliveira Coelho marcela de castro nunes santos terra Hisaias de Souza Almeida Eduardo van den Berg departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade Federal de LavrasC.Postal 3037LavrasMG 37200-000Brazil Instituto de Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal de ItajubáC.Postal 50ItajubáMG 37500-903Brazil departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de LavrasC.Postal 3037LavrasMG 37200-000Brazil

Aims The diversity and structure of forest edges are a central issue in ***,most studies have focused on anthropogenic for-est edges,being natural ones least *** studied the com-munities of shrubs and trees in natural edges of gallery forests with the main goal of learning what are the main factors that shape the structure and diversity of these natural sharp *** We evaluated 10 gallery forest sites,allocating in each of them three 15×20 m *** plots were laid out in relatively rectilinear stretches of forest edges,respecting a minimal distance of 10 m between each *** they are permanent plots and meant to study eventual fluctuations in the forest-grasslands limits,we allocated the plots with their longest side parallel to the forest edge and covering perpendicularly 5 m of the grassland and 10 m of *** the plots we identified,mapped and measured all shrub and tree individuals with diameter at breast height(DBH)≥1 *** Findings Although many differences exist among the communities in terms of density and basal area,all of them were highly dense and had relatively low basal *** addition,both the number of individu-als and the basal area increased rapidly towards the forest *** results also revealed that the edge communities are composed mainly by small individuals that demand a great amount of *** the vertical stratification and the proportion of the functional groups are similar among the sites yet change quickly in the first 10 m of the forest ***,the floristic similarities were low among the communities mainly due to the species turnover within each ***,although the overall structure is constant in the studied edges,the low floristic similarity among them possibly indicates that the species within the same functional groups are sub-stituting each other across the *** older and seemingly stable,our results showed the gallery forest edges are quite simila

关键词： beta diversity edge effects ecotone forest-grassland transition functional groups.

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Protection status as determinant of carbon stock drivers in Cerrado sensu stricto

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第3期13卷 361-368页

作者： Kelly Marianne Guimarães Pereira Natielle Gomes Cordeiro marcela de castro nunes santos terra marcela Venelli Pyles Christian Dias Cabacinha JoséMárcio de Mello Eduardo van den Berg department of Biology Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioCEP 37200-000LavrasMinas Gerais stateBrazil department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioCEP 37200-000LavrasMinas Gerais stateBrazil department of Forest Sciences Institute of Agrarian SciencesFederal University of Minas GeraisCampus Regional de Montes ClarosCEP 39.404-547Montes ClarosMinas Gerais stateBrazil

天然植被在全球碳循环和碳储存中扮演着重要角色。巴西大草原塞拉多保护区(Cerrado)因自身固有特性被认为是一个碳汇。本研究的目的是评估具有不同保护状况的三个地区,控制区(法定保护区)、保护区(PA)和非保护区(Non-PA)地上生物量与生... 详细信息

天然植被在全球碳循环和碳储存中扮演着重要角色。巴西大草原塞拉多保护区(Cerrado)因自身固有特性被认为是一个碳汇。本研究的目的是评估具有不同保护状况的三个地区,控制区(法定保护区)、保护区(PA)和非保护区(Non-PA)地上生物量与生物多样性关系的变化。这三个被研究的地区都位于巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州(Minas Gerais)北部。根据森林清查资料,该研究对地上碳储量进行了估算,并测量了每个地区生物多样性指标的三个维度:功能性状优势度、分类学多样性和功能多样性。对物种的以下功能性状进行了评价:木材密度、最大直径和种子大小。通过建立广义线性模型,评估了碳储量、群落加权平均值、物种丰富度和多样性以及功能多样性指数在不同地区间的差异。研究结果表明,未受保护的地区碳储量、物种丰富度、物种多样性、功能丰富度和功能分散度均较低,而保护区和非保护区群落加权平均值最大直径和种子大小均低于法定保护区。广义线性模型结果表明,碳储量与物种和功能丰富度指数在同一地区内和不同地区间存在相关性,因此,物种丰富度可以作为功能丰富度和碳储量的替代指标。物种丰富度和群落加权平均值最大直径对碳储量有正向影响,功能分散度对碳储量有负向影响。功能丰富度、物种多样性和群落加权平均值种子大小出现在最佳模型中,但对碳储量没有显著的直接影响。因此,我们的结论是,在缺乏保护的巴西塞拉多地区会降低物种丰富度和碳储量。

关键词：功能性状生物多样性生物量储存巴西大草原人类影响

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Water availability drives gradients of tree diversity,structure and functional traits in the Atlantic-Cerrado-Caatinga transition,Brazil

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第6期11卷 803-814页

作者： marcela de castro nunes santos terra Rubens Manoel dos santos Jamir Afonso do Prado Júnior José Marcio de Mello José Roberto Soares Scolforo Marco Aurélio Leite Fontes Ivan Schiavini Aliny Aparecida dos Reis Inacio Thomaz Bueno Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago Hans ter Steege departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade Federal de LavrasCampus UniversitárioPO Box 3037LavrasMinas Gerais 37200-000Brazil Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de UberlândiaCampus Umuarama-Bloco 2DPO Box 593UberlândiaMinas Gerais 38400-902Brazil Applied Ecology and Conservation Lab Programa de Pós‐graduação Ecologia e Conservação da BiodiversidadeUniversidade Estadual de Santa CruzIlhéusBahia 45662-900Brazil Naturalis Biodiversity Center Vondellaan 55Postbus 95172300 RA LeidenThe Netherlands Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio GoeldiAv.Magalhães Barata 376PO Box 399BelémPara´66040-170Brazil

Aims Climate and soil are among the most important factors determin-ing variation in tree communities,but their effects have not been thoroughly elucidated to date for many vegetation *** this study,we evaluate how climate and soil gradients affect gradients of vegetation composition,species diversity and dominance,structure and functional traits(seed mass and wood density)using over 327000 trees in 158 sites distributed along environmental gradients in the transitions among the Atlantic forest,Cerrado and Caatinga in Minas Gerais State(MG),Brazil(nearly 600000 km2).Methods Gradients in species,genus and family abundance in addition to basal area,stem density,species diversity(Fisher’s alpha),domin-ance percentage,seed mass and wood density were correlated using multiple regressions with environmental variables,as summarized in four principal component analysis axes(two climatic-precipi-tation seasonality and temperature range-and two edaphic-soil fertility and soil moisture).Additionally,ordinary kriging maps were used to better illustrate the *** Findings Multiple regression models indicate that all variables but domin-ance percentage were affected by one or more of the environmental gradients,but the average R2 was low(26.25%).Kriging maps rein-forced the patterns observed in the regression *** seasonality and soil moisture gradients were the most important gra-dients affecting vegetation *** finding suggests that water availability is an important determinant of vegetation features in these vegetation transitions.

关键词： climate environmental gradient soil southeastern Brazil vegetation

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In Silico and in Vitro Analysis of Pyrazolone derivatives against Zika Virus and Identification of Potential NS5 Methyltransferase Inhibitors by Molecular Docking

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 214-229页

作者： Luciene Soares Silva Tiago Soares Barbosa Maria Leonisa Sanchez-Nuñez Aldenise Mont Serrat Rosa da Silva Vitor Won-Held Rabelo Leonardo dos santos Corrêa Amorim Leonardo Alves Miceli Percilene Fazolin Vegi Alice Bernardino Helena Carla castro Izabel Christina nunes de Palmer Paixão Science and Biotechnology Graduate Program Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niteri Brazil Science and Biotechnology Graduate Program Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil Laboratory of Antibiotics Biochemistry Teaching and Molecular Modeling Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil Laboratory of Organic Chemistry at the Institute of Chemistry Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, has been associated with benign infections for decades. However, it has become a public health concern due to its association with severe fetal and neurological complications. Although many efforts have been made to control ZIKV infection, approved vaccines or antiviral drugs are still lacking. Consequently, the development of new effective anti-ZIKV agents is urgently needed. In this context, we investigated the antiviral potential of pyrazolone derivatives against ZIKV replication using in silico and in vitro methods. The four pyrazolone derivatives evaluated (1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d) inhibited over 50% of ZIKV replication with low cytotoxicity. Among them, compound 1b exhibited the most potent activity (EC50 = 4.3 μM) and the highest selectivity (SI = 342). Mechanism of action studies indicated that these compounds act at early stages of virus replication, and compound 1b can also directly inactivate ZIKV particles. Molecular docking studies suggested that these compounds can bind to and block the activity of ZIKV NS5 methyltransferase. Finally, pharmacokinetic and toxicological predictions have reinforced the safety and drug-like profiles of these derivatives. In conclusion, the pyrazolone scaffold proved to be valuable for anti-ZIKV drug development, and the derivatives studied deserve further investigation.

关键词： Zika Pyrazolone NS5 Methyltransferase Antivirals

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Rice Drying,Storage and Processing:Effects of Post-Harvest Operations on Grain Quality

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Rice science 2022年第1期29卷 16-30页

作者： Amanda MÜLLER marcela Trojahn nunes Vanessa MALDANER Paulo Carteri CORADI Rosana santos de MORAES Samuel MARTENS Andressa Fernandes LEAL Vladison Fogliato PEREIRA Cristielle König MARIN Post-Graduation Program in Agricultural Engineering Rural Sciences CenterFederal University of Santa MariaCamobi 97105-900Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil department of Agricultural Engineering Campus Cachoeira do SulFederal University of Santa MariaHighway Taufik Germano3013-Passo D’Areia 96503-205Cachoeira do SulRio Grande do SulBrazil

Various post-harvest processes of rice are commonly employed,especially during the off-season,to ensure its consumption feasibility,which often affect the grain *** forms of drying,storage and processing of rice are evaluated to identify their effects on grain *** drying has emerged as an alternative to the widely-used intermittent-drying and fixed-bed-dryer methods of drying paddy *** of drying-air temperatures(between 40℃ and 60℃)according to the rice variety can improve quality,especially for exotic *** stored grain in hygroscopic balance,with water content between 11%to 15%,at temperatures between 16℃ and 20℃ and with intergranular relative humidity near 60%,allows 12 months of storage in a controlled environment without significant *** innovations,notably the application of artificial refrigeration to grain stored in bulk in vertical cylindrical silos and the use of impermeable packaging for storage,ensure the conservation of grain *** different stages and equipments used to obtain polished,brown and parboiled rice result in significant changes in the nutritional value of rice because of the removal of the outermost layers of the *** reduces the nutritional value and physical homogeneity of *** rice retains more bioactive compounds and nutrients because it does not lose the outer layer of the grains in the polishing *** rice,although less nutritious than brown rice,has better grain integrity and milling yield and less loss of nutrients than white rice.

关键词： agricultural engineering post-harvest rice engineering quality in rice pre-processing rice process industry

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Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in Raw Hamburgers and Ready-to-Eat Sandwiches Commercialized in Supermarkets and Fast Food Outlets in Brazil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第14期6卷 1324-1331页

作者： Claudia Patrícia álvarez Contreras Lis Nery nunes da Silva Dilza Caroline Gomes Ferreira Jeane dos santos Ferreira Rogeria Comastri de castro Almeida department of Food Science Nutrition School Federal University of Bahia Salvador Brazil

Although well known, Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that remains widely studied because of its high pathogenic potential and its ability to develop resistance to antibiotics routinely used in clinical practice. The present study investigated the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hamburgers and sandwiches sold in supermarkets and fast food outlets in Salvador, BA, Brazil. Fifty samples of frozen raw hamburgers (25: beef and 25: chicken) and 50 samples of ready-to-eat sandwiches (25: beef and 25: chicken) were collected and investigated for the presence of MRSA. MRSA was present in 32% of the hamburgers and 8% of the sandwiches. The frequency of MRSA was higher in the samples containing chicken meat. However, the statistical analysis showed no association between MRSA presence and the type of meat investigated (P > 0.05). The high prevalence of MRSA in hamburgers and the presence of the microorganism in ready-to-eat sandwiches are worrying and indicate the need for better control during food preparation to prevent the spread of bacteria.

关键词： Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hamburgers Sandwiches Food Safety

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State’s Technical Cartography and Social Cartography’s Participatory Mapping: Contributions to a Contemporary Reflection on the Use of Maps

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2020年第4期12卷 319-333页

作者： Christian nunes Da Silva Vicka de Nazaré Magalhães Marinho Gracilene de castro Ferreira Yasmin Alves Dos santos Roberto Magno Reis Netto Aline Reis de Oliveira Araújo Rafael Dantas Dias Adolfo Da Costa Oliveira Neto Rodolpho Zahluth Bastos João Marcio Palheta Da Silva Leonardo de Sousa santos Federal University of Pará Belém Pará Brazil

The use of cartography in geographical approaches, notably in those focused on territorial discussions, is gaining more and more importance. However, the use of technical maps still prevails, which often act to hinder its use and appropriation by traditional communities. Based on this assumption, this article seeks to show that, in addition to technical cartography, there are other methodologies, which should also be used, in both elaboration and representation of territories, such as the participatory mapping. For that, some recommendations and suggestions are presented in this paper, aiming to subsidize the application and the collaboration of maps, through the mentioned methodology. These suggestions and contributions are the result of both theoretical debates and in loci observations, in workshops held in traditional communities of Brazilian Amazonia. From these discussions, it is concluded that the adoption of participatory mapping in the process of valuing and understanding the knowledge of traditional communities is of great value, in addition to serving as a subsidy for the claims of rights of both appropriation and possession of the territory.

关键词： Participatory Mapping Social Cartography Territory Traditional Communities

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DNA Vaccines Approach:From Concepts to Applications

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World Journal of Vaccines 2014年第2期4卷 50-71页

作者： Vanessa Bastos Pereira Meritxell Zurita-Turk Tessalia Diniz Luerce Saraiva Camila Prosperi de castro Bianca Mendes Souza Pamela Mancha Agresti Fernanda Alvarenga Lima Vanessa Nathalie Pfeiffer marcela Santiago Pacheco Azevedo Clarissa santos Rocha Daniela santos Pontes Vasco Azevedo Anderson Miyoshi Laboratorio de Genetica Celular e Molecular Instituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais(UFMG)Belo HorizonteBrazil Universidade Estadual da Paraiba(UEPB) Joao PessoaBrazil

DNA vaccines are the third generation vaccines based on purified plasmid preparations containing transgenes that encode antigenic/therapeutic proteins or peptides capable of triggering an immune response against a wide range of diseases. This vaccine platform presents several attributes that confer distinct advantages over other vaccine technologies in terms of safety, ease of fabrication and stability. Many aspects, such as antigen expression and especially vector design, are under study because of their great influence on immunogenicity and efficacy of DNA vaccines. In this regard, with the attempt of improving the efficiency of DNA vaccines, co-expression of stimulatory sequences and diverse vector delivery systems are being optimized. With this in mind, this review aims to giving a conceptual approach of DNA vaccines, explaining their mechanisms of action and listing the already licensed veterinary DNA vaccines presented in the market.

关键词： DNA Vaccines Vector design delivery Systems Approved DNA Vaccines Bacterial delivery

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Allelopathy of the Leaf Extract of Eucalyptus Genetic Material on the Physiological Performance of Millet Seeds

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 34-45页

作者： Marcos Vinicius de Sousa Séfora Gil Gomes de Farias Déborah Praciano de castro Romário Bezerra e Silva Dandara Yasmim Bonfim de Oliveira Silva Bruna Anair Souto Dias Alexandre Faria da Silva Graziele nunes Lopes dos santos Daniele Cristina Pereira de Matos Caio Varonill de Almada Oliveira Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI) Bom Jesus Brazil Universidade Estadual do Ceará UECE Fortaleza Brazil Universidade Federal de Vicosa Vicosa Brazil

This study aims to evaluate the possible allelopathic effects of young and mature leaf extract from of two eucalyptus genetic materials on the physiological performance of millet seeds. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 5 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement [five concentrations of the extract (0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) × two genetic materials (1 - Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla and 2 - Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus camaldulensis) × two maturation stages of leaves (young and mature leaves)] with four replicates, each one with 25 seeds. Seeding was performed on the germitest paper substrate distributed in Petri dishes, moistened with the extract according to the treatments, being allocated in biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D) adjusted at 25°C and 12 h photoperiod. Percentage, speed index, mean germination time, aerial part and primary root length, and dry matter weight of aerial part and root system of seedlings were evaluated. The leaf extracts of the two eucalyptus clones had all the analyzed variables changed with effect more evident on young leaf extract of the genetic material 1. It can be concluded that the tested genetic materials have a detrimental effect on the physiological performance of millet seeds.

关键词： Allelopathic Germination Pennisetum glaucum Seedlings Germination Speed

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