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china’s transitioning class identity

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china Finance and Economic Review 2016年第1期5卷 71-87页

作者： Evan osborne Department of Economics Wright State University

china’s rapid economic transformation is similar in some ways to those that have occurred in other East Asian *** the changing structure of perceived class identity that occurs in many rapidly growing economies is found to be absent in china,and in fact as china has continued to grow such change as has occurred is found to be downward,despite the immense material improvement *** data on income distribution in china do not explain this phenomenon,but anomalies in china’s urban real-estate market might.

关键词： Housing market class identity middle class social effects of economic growth

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Plant invasions

Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 1-3页

作者： Bruce osborne Margherita Gioria UcD School of Biology and Environmental Science and UcD Earth Institute University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Institute of Botany Department of Invasion EcologyThe Czech Academy of SciencesZámek 1CZ-25243 PrůhoniceCzech Republic

Almost everyone now seems to have a view about alien plant introductions and their significance and there is an ever increasing body of information,both in the scien-tific and popular press,about the dangers of allowing the uncontrolled spread of alien *** all possible impacts of plant invasions have been reported,including alterations in biogeochemical cycling,disruption of food webs,alterations in plant-plant,plant-insect and plant-microbe interactions and reductions in biodiversity,leading to the proposal that this is resulting in the creation of novel or emerging ecosystems that have no historical analogue(Hobbs et al.2009).

关键词： analogue alterations everyone

Timing is everything:does early and late germination favor invasions by herbaceous alien plants?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第1期11卷 4-16页

作者： Margherita Gioria Petr Pyšek Bruce A.osborne Institute of Botany Department of Invasion EcologyThe Czech Academy of SciencesCZ-25243 PrůhoniceCzech Republic UcD School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Department of Ecology Faculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueViničná7CZ-12844 Prague 2Czech Republic UcD Earth Institute University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

Aims Plant invasions represent a unique opportunity to study the mechanisms underlying community assembly rules and species distribution *** a superior competitive ability has often been proposed as a major driver of successful plant invasions,its significance depends crucially on the timing of any competitive *** assess whether a mismatch in germination phenology can favor the establishment of alien species,allowing them to exploit vacant niches where competition is *** well as having important effects on the survival,growth and fitness of a species,asymmetric competition and potential soil legacies resulting from early or late germination can also impact on species ***,early or late germination comes at a cost,increases the risks of exposure to unfavorable conditions and requires an enhanced abiotic resistance if it is to lead to successful *** Findings While there are several anecdotal accounts of early and late ger-mination for invasive species,there are limited comparative data with resident species growing under natural *** evidence from grassland communities indicates that a short-term germination advantage or priority(few days/weeks)provides inva-sive species with a strong competitive advantage over native species and is a critical factor in many *** the exploitation of periods of low competition is a plausible mechanism for the suc-cessful establishment of many invasive plants,direct evidence for this strategy is still *** is particularly true with regard to the exploitation of late germination ***,long-term comparative monitoring of the germination phenology of invasive and native plants in situ is needed to assess its significance in a range of ecosystems and its impact on community dynamics.

关键词： competition germination invasive plants phenology temporal niche

GIS and Remote Sensing Applications in Biogeography and Ecology 1

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combined risk modelling approach to identify the optimal carotid revascularisation approach

丛书名： The Springer International Series in Engineering and computer Science

2001年

作者： Andrew c. Millington Stephen J. Walsh Patrick E. osborne

ISBN: (数字)9781461515234

ISBN: (纸本)9780792374541;9781461355960

In recent years, the conservation of tropical forests has received worldwide publicity whereas effective forest management, particularly for timber extraction, has attracted little attention and gained some notoriety. The overall aim of the present paper was to examine how environmental micro-variation in the chiquibul Forest Reserve of Belize can influence species distribution and thereby inform management strategy. The paper deals first with the background to forest management in Belize, then considers the methodology used in the present study and fin~~ly assesses the preliminary results. The specific objectives are: (1) to assess the effects of changing scale on the variability of selected individual soil properties in forest plots within the same vegetation class; and (2) to examine the variation in soil properties and tree species distribution, and to integrate environmental and ecological data over a range of scales. BAcKGROUND Whereas the global and regional distribution of tropical forests is broadly governed by climatic and altitudinal variation, individual forest tracts need to consider a range of other, locally important factors to explain species distribution and change. With very high species diversity, tropical forests present a major challenge in the attempt to unravel controlling factors in distribution and growth (Swaine et aI. 1987). Research that attempts to explain diversity has looked at species distribution according to a range of factors, with a general recognition that soil fertility plays a significant if ill defined role (Swaine 1996).

关键词： Geographical Information System Ecology Environmental chemistry Physical Geography

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第3期6卷 476-482,I0080-I0084页

作者： James Francis Burke Lewis B Morgenstern Nicholas H osborne Rodney A Hayward Neurology University of Michigan Michigan MedicineAnn ArborMichiganUSA Vascular Surgery Univerity of Michigan MedicineAnn ArborMichiganUSA Internal Medicine University of Michigan Michigan MedicineAnn ArborMichiganUSA

Background carotid endarterectomy(cEA)results in fewer perioperative strokes,but more myocardial infarctions(MI)than carotid artery stenting(cAS).We explored a combined modelling approach that stratifies patients by baseline stroke and *** Baseline registry-based risk models for perioperative stroke and MI were identified via literature *** then selected treatment risk models in the carotid Revascularisation Stenting versus Endarterectomy(cREST)trial by serially adding covariates(baseline risk,treatment(cEA vs cAS),treatment-risk interaction and age-treatment interaction terms).Treatment risk models were externally validated using data from the Society for Vascular Surgery(SVS)Vascular Quality Initiative(VQI)cEA and carotid stenting registries and treatment models were recalibrated to the SVS-VQI *** net benefit was estimated by summing the predicted stroke and MI risk differences with cEA versus *** Perioperative treatment models had moderate predictiveness(c-statistic 0.69 for stroke and 0.68 for MI)and reasonable calibration across the risk spectrum for both stroke and MI within *** external validation in SVS-VQI,predictiveness was substantially reduced(c-statistic 0.61 for stroke and 0.54 for MI)and models substantially overpredicted *** patients(86.7%)were predicted to have net benefit from cEA in cREST(97.0%of symptomatic patients vs 75%of asymptomatic patients).Discussion A combined modelling approach that separates risk elements has potential to inform optimal ***,our current approach is not ready for clinical *** data support guidelines that suggest that cEA should be the preferred revascularisation modality in most patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis.

关键词： carotid Surgery optimal

Modeling waves and longshore transport potential in Half Moon Bay,Grays Harbor,Washington,USA

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第Z1期27卷 46-59页

作者： PHILIP D osborne Pacific International Engineering PLLC

A local-scale phase-resolving wave transformation model with cGWAVE is established in connection with a regional-scale coupled STWAVE-ADcIRc wave-current model for its application in the Half Moon Bay, Grays *** transformation from offshore to the harbor entrance is simulated by the STWAVE model which includes wave-current *** STWAVE results provide incident wave conditions for the local-scale cGWAVE model at its outer boundary. A simple method is developed to take into account the lateral variation of wave height in constructing the model’s wave boundary *** model was validated for three wave condition cases which yielded good agreement with field *** validated model was applied to predicting nearshore waves in the Half Moon Bay and longshore transport parameters along the wave breaking line for the existing condition and three engineering alternatives. A comparative analysis indicated that storm waves that have a combination of long period and large height are the most destructive to the crenulate shoreline in the Half Moon Bay; both 152 m jetty extension (Alt. 2) and diffraction mound enlargement (Alt. 3) would significantly reduce breaking wave height and longshore transport potential in the southwest corner of Half Moon Bay.

关键词： wave transformation model cGWAVE longshore transport crenulate shoreline

Simulation-based feasibility study of improved air conditioning systems for hospital operating room

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2013年第4期2卷 468-475页

作者： Zhiqiang (John) Zhai Anna L. osborne Department of civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Colorado at BoulderBoulder CO 80309-0428 USA

The goal of the air distribution inside a hospital operating room （OR） is to protect the patient and staff from cross-infection while maintaining occupant comfort and not affecting the facilitation of surgical tasks. In ORs, HEPA-filtered air and vertical （downward） laminar airflow are often used to achieve a unidirectional flow of fresh air from ceiling, washing over the patient and flowing out of exhaust vents on the side walls, near the floor. However, previous research has shown that this method does not necessarily achieve the desired unidirectional flow pattern or adequately achieve optimal air asepsis. The results from this study show that maximizing the area of the laminar flow diffusers remedies this issue and provides very low contamination levels. The use of air curtains as specified by manufacturers of commercial products may not provide satisfactory results, with noticeable contamination levels at the wound site.

关键词： Hospital operatingroom Air conditionins computationat fluid dynamics

Moisture and temperature controls on nitrification differ among ammonia oxidizer communities from three alpine soil habitats

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第1期10卷 1-12页

作者： Brooke B. osborne Jill S. BARON Matthew D. WALLENSTEIN Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Present address: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Brown University Providence RI 02912 USA U.S. Geological Survey Fort collins Science center Fort Collins CO 80526 USA Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

climate change is altering the timing and magnitude of biogeochemical fluxes in many high- elevation ecosystems. The consequent changes in alpine nitrification rates have the potential to influence ecosystem scale responses. In order to better understand how changing temperature and moisture conditions may influence ammonia oxidizers and nitrification activity, we conducted laboratory incubations on soils collected in a colorado watershed from three alpine habitats （glacial outwash, talus, and meadow）. We found that bacteria, not archaea, dominated all ammonia oxidizer communities. Nitrification increased with moisture in all soils and under all temperature treatments. However, temperature was not correlated with nitrification rates in all soils. Site-specific temperature trends suggest the development of generalist ammonia oxidzer communities in soils with greater in situ temperature fluctuations and specialists in soils with more steady temperature regimes. Rapidly increasing tempera- tures and changing soil moisture conditions could explain recent observations of increased nitrate production in some alpine soils.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) ammo-nia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) global change Loch Valewatershed nitrification thermal adaptation

Exploring the Dynamic X-ray Universe:Scientific Opportunities for the Einstein Probe Mission

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空间科学学报 2016年第2期36卷 117-138页

作者： YUAN Weimin osborne Julian P ZHANG chen WILLINGALE Richard Key Laboratory for Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester University

Time-domain astrophysics will enter a golden era towards the end of this decade with the advent of major facilities across the electromagnetic spectrum and in the multi-messenger realms of gravitational wave and *** the soft X-ray regime,the novel micro-pore lobster-eye optics provides a promising technology to realise,for the first time,focusing X-ray optics for wide-angle monitors to achieve a good combination of sensitivity and wide field of *** this context Einstein Probe,a soft X-ray all-sky monitor mission,was proposed and selected as a candidate mission of priority in the space science programme of the chinese Academy of *** paper reviews the most important science developments and key questions in this field towards 2020 and beyond,and how to achieve them *** also introduces the Einstein Probe mission,including its key science goals and mission definition,as well as some of the key technological issues.

关键词： Time-domain astronomy High-energy astrophysics X-rays Transients Instruments