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Grasslands Response to Livestock Grazing Intensity in the Austral Pampas(Argentina):Testing the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 2037-2050页

作者： Ana Elena de Villalobos mar.a Andrea Long Grupo de Investigación en Ecosistemas de Pastizal(GIEP) CERZOSCONICETBahía Blanca8000Argentina departamento de Biología Bioquímica y FarmaciaUniversidad Nacional del SurBahía Blanca8000Argentina

Livestock grazing has a significant impact on natural grasslands,with approximately one-third of the world’s land area dedicated to this *** 20%of global grasslands are highly degraded due to overgrazing,affecting their productivity and conservation *** practices are required to ensure sustainable livestock production that supports *** Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis(IDH)suggests that environments with moderate levels of disturbance exhibit a higher species *** grazing can reduce the dominance of certain species,thereby enhancing plant ***,concerns arise regarding the increase of exotic and unpalatable species under moderate grazing levels,complicating grassland conservation *** impact of livestock grazing on the functional structure of grasslands depends on factors such as grazing intensity,livestock species,and environmental *** in grazing intensity may increase specific and functional diversity under moderate grazing,potentially masking the presence of invasive exotic *** the Austral Pampas(Pampean phytogeographic province,Buenos Aires,Argentina),grasslands face various pressures from domestic livestock grazing that endanger their integrity if not properly ***,our study aims to investigate potential differences in species richness and diversity,functional diversity,exotic plant abundance,and the number and distribution of plant functional groups across varying grazing *** IDH is utilized as a tool to regulate livestock pressure for grassland *** and functional diversity indices were used to assess the impact of grazing on grassland *** grazing increased species and functional diversity,while intensively grazed or ungrazed areas showed reduced *** presence influenced the balance between native and exotic plants,with ungrazed areas having higher native plant abundance and grazed areas exhibiti

关键词： Natural grasslands grazing effects disturbance specific and functional diversity

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Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus) and Little Tern(sternula albifrons) prefer shells for nesting:A field experiment

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 55-59页

作者： Macarena Castro Andrés de la cruz Nuria martin-sanjuan Alejandro Pérez-Hurtado Instituto Universitario de Investigacion marina(INmar) Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar(CEIMAR)Departamento de BiologíaUniversidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain servicios centrales de Investigacion salinas de la Esperanza Universidad de CadizPuerto RealSpain

shorebird populations are declining worldwide,mainly due to human disturbances and loss of coastal ***,supratidal habitats as saltpans could play a role in buffering human *** have shown to be important as feeding or breeding sites of some shorebird species.A potential conservation strategy to increase shorebird populations in saltpans is to manipulate the cues that birds use to select optimal breeding *** it is hypothesized that shorebirds are attracted to bivalve shells due to the advantages they *** this hypothesis,we supplemented a restored saltpan in 2019 and 2021 with bivalve shells,expecting an increase in the number of breeding birds’ *** than 75% of Kentish Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus) and Little Tern(sternula albifrons) nests were found in patches with shells in both *** best model for both species indicates that the presence of shells is the factor that most correlates with the location of *** probability of choosing one place over another to settle their nest increases in areas with an abundance of shells,double in the case of the Kentish Plover and triple in the case of the Little *** result of this study may constitute a valuable tool for attracting birds to restored saltpans and could contribute to the success of expensive restoration projects where time is usually a constraint.

关键词： Habitat management Nest site selection saltpan restoration shell supplementation shorebirds

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University Corporate Governance in the Literature From 2019 to 2024

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2024年第3期14卷 179-188页

作者： mar.a del Rosario Molina González mar.a Teresa Gaxiola sánchez mar.a de jesús Camargo Pacheco marco Antonio Velderrain Rodríguez Rafael Campoy Mendoza cruz García Lirios Universidad de sonora NavojoaMexico

Anti-pandemic policies impacted the governance of Higher Education Institutions(HEIs)through confinement and distancing *** an impact was observed in the identity,reputation,and image of the HEI in the face of the health *** objective of this work was to establish an empirical contrast between the theoretical structure consulted regarding the evaluations of summaries published from 2019 to 2024 by judges.A documentary,cross-sectional,and retrospective study was carried out with a sample of sources indexed in international *** results demonstrate that image and age regulate the impact of identity and income on *** relation to the state of the art,it is recommended to extend the study to sociocultural,demographic,economic,and educational variables in order to anticipate the transition from university governance to corporate governance.

关键词： COVID governance model nodes neural networks

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A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 228-267页

作者： Miguel A.Ortega Oscar Fraile-martinez Cielo García-Montero sergio haro Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon Diego de Leon-Oliva Ana M.Gomez-Lahoz Jorge Monserrat mar.atienza-Pérez David Díaz Elisa Lopez-Dolado Melchor Álvarez-Mon department of Medicine and Medical specialities University of Alcala28801 Alcala de HenaresSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute of sanitary Research(IRYCIs) 28034 MadridSpain department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor28031 MadridSpain service of Rehabilitation National Hospital for Paraplegic PatientsCarr.de la PeraledaS/N45004 ToledoSpain Immune system Diseases‑Rheumatology service and Internal Medicine University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias(CIBEREHD)28806 Alcala de HenaresSpain

spinal cord injury(sCI)is a devastating and disabling medical condition generally caused by a traumatic event(primary injury).This initial trauma is accompanied by a set of biological mechanisms directed to ameliorate neural damage but also exacerbate initial damage(secondary injury).The alterations that occur in the spinal cord have not only local but also systemic consequences and virtually all organs and tissues of the body incur important changes after sCI,explaining the progression and detrimental consequences related to this ***(PNIE)is a growing area of research aiming to integrate and explore the interactions among the different systems that compose the human organism,considering the mind and the body as a *** initial traumatic event and the consequent neurological disruption trigger immune,endocrine,and multisystem dysfunction,which in turn affect the patient's psyche and *** the present review,we will explore the most important local and systemic consequences of sCI from a PNIE perspective,defining the changes occurring in each system and how all these mechanisms are ***,potential clinical approaches derived from this knowledge will also be collectively presented with the aim to develop integrative therapies to maximize the clinical management of these patients.

关键词： spinal cord injury(sCI) Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(PNIE) secondary injury Immunoinflammatory dysfunction Gut microbiota Translational opportunities

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Experimental implementation of phase triplicator gratings in a spatial light modulator

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 64-69页

作者：高尚 mar.a del mar sánchez-López Ignacio Moreno Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain departamento de Física Aplicada Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain departamento de Ciencia de Materiales Óptica y Tec.Electr´onicaUniversidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain

In this work,we compare different methods for implementing a triplicator,a phase grating that generates three equiintense diffraction *** design with optimal efficiency features a continuous phase profile,which cannot be easily reproduced,and is typically affected by *** compare its performance with binary and sinusoidal phase *** also analyze the effect of quantizing the phase ***,a random approach is adopted to eliminate the additional harmonic *** all cases,a liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator is employed to experimentally verify and compare the different approaches.

关键词： diffraction gratings phase modulation triplicator spatial light modulators

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Endophytic Occupation in Nodules of Rhynchosia Plants from semiarid Regions of Argentina

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1081-1099页

作者： Cinthia T.Lucero mar.a de los Á.Ruíz Fabiola Pagliero Carolina Castaño mariela L.Ambrosino Graciela s.Lorda Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de La PampaRuta Nacional 35km 330Santa RosaLa PampaCP6300Argentina INTA EEA Anguil“Ing.Agr.Guillermo Covas”Ruta Nacional 5 km 580AnguilLa PampaCC116326Argentina

Beneﬁcial microbes can improve soil health by promoting soil structure,nutrient cycling,and disease *** addition,a wide array of rhizospheric microbes are responsible for producing metabolically active compounds including various types of plant growth ***,microbial biodiversity studies could contribute to the improvement of agricultural practices in deprived areas,such as the Pampean semiarid *** vast majority of studies conducted on endophytic microorganisms have focused on intensive crop legume *** contrast,little attention has been paid to microorganisms of native legumes,whose ecology is not directly affected by human *** this study,endophytic microorganisms isolated from root nodules of a selected native legume of the genus Rhynchosia were *** isolates were studied with a focus on their plant growth-pro-moting rhizobacteria(PGPR)*** the edaphic characteristics of the Pampean semiarid region,the isolates obtained were evaluated for their ability to grow under three salt stress conditions(50,100,and 200 mM NaCl)and four different pH values(6,7,8,and 9).Based on their PGPR activities,the selected strains were phylogenetically grouped using *** results showed great variability among the isolates in terms of the characteristics *** legumes manifested a wide endophytic variability and remar.able perfor-mance in PGPR *** conclude that they could be used as potential bioinoculants for legume cultivation,an excellent alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers that currently pollute the environment.

关键词： Native strains endophytes PGPR native legumes stress

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A comprehensive review of genetic causes of obesity

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 26-39页

作者： marcio Jose Concepcion-Zavaleta Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave mar.a del Carmen Durand-Vasquez Elman Rolando Gamar.a-Osorio Juan del Carmen Valencia de la cruz Claudia Mercedes Barrueto-Callirgos susan Luciana Puelles-Leon Elena de jesus Alvarado-Leon Frans Leiva-Cabrera Francisca Elena Zavaleta-Gutierrez Luis Alberto Concepcion-Urteaga Jose Paz-Ibarra Universidad Cientifica del sur Bolivar 2150 AvenuePueblo Libre15084LimaPeru Division of Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru Division of Family Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru Division of Endocrinology Hospital Victor Lazarte EchegarayTrujilloPeru Division of Pediatrics Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru Division of Internal Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru Division of Genetics Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru Division of Neonatology Hospital Belen de TrujilloTrujilloPeru Division of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru department of Medicine School of MedicineUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLimaPeru

Background Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with a high,increasing worldwide *** causes account for 7%of the cases in children with extreme *** sources This narrative review was conducted by searching for papers published in the PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase and sciELO databases and included 161 *** search used the following search terms:"obesity","obesity and genetics","leptin","Prader-Willi syndrome",and"melanocortins".The types of studies included were systematic reviews,clinical trials,prospective cohort studies,cross-sectional and prospective studies,narrative reviews,and case *** The leptin-melanocortin pathway is primarily responsible for the regulation of appetite and body ***,several important aspects of the pathophysiology of obesity remain *** causes of obesity can be grouped into syndromic,monogenic,and polygenic causes and should be assessed in children with extreme obesity before the age of 5 years,hyperphagia,or a family history of extreme obesity.A microarray study,an analysis of the melanocortin type 4 receptor gene mutations and leptin levels should be performed for this *** are three therapeutic levels:lifestyle modifications,pharmacological treatment,and bariatric *** Genetic study technologies are in constant development;however,we are still far from having a personalized approach to genetic causes of obesity.A significant proportion of the affected individuals are associated with genetic causes;however,there are still barriers to its approach,as it continues to be underdiagnosed.

关键词： Leptin Melanocortin Obesity Prader-Willi syndrome Precision medicine

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Refractive outcomes after V4c Toric collamer lens implantation over 1y of follow-up

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1322-1330页

作者： Humberto Carreras-Díaz Josefina Reñones de Abajo mar.a del Rosario Carreras-Díaz Amalia Lorente-Velázquez Vithas Eurocanarias Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35004Spain University Hospital of Girona Doctor Josep Trueta Gerona 17007Spain departament of Optometry and Vision Faculty of Optics and OptometryComplutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain

AIM:To evaluate refractive outcomes and corneal astigmatism changes after Toric implantable collamer lens with a central port(V4c T-ICL)implantation over 1y of ***:A retrospective study was performed including 50 eyes of 50 patients that underwent V4c T-ICL ***(UDVA)and corrected(CDVA)distance visual acuities,refraction,refractive and corneal astigmatism changes and corneal coupling correction were evaluated preoperatively,1 and 12mo *** analysis was used for astigmatism *** of adjustment(CAdj)was calculated for corneal coupling ***:The mean UDVA achieved was 0.03 logmar.at 1mo and remained unchanged throughout the whole follow-up(P=0.193).At the last visit,84%of the eyes achieved a CDVA of 0.00 logmar or *** spherical equivalent refraction(sEQ),96%of eyes were ranges of±1.00 D and 84%of them within±0.50 ***,94%of eyes had a remaining refractive cylinder within±1.00 D and 78%of them within±0.50 ***,sEQ and refractive cylinder,remain stable over the postoperative follow-up(P=1.000 and P=0.660,respectively).In terms of surgically induced astigmatism(sIA),no statistically significant differences were found over the follow-up(P=0.102)and under correction was found with a correction index lower than the unit at each visit.A keratometric astigmatism induced of 0.59±0.53(vector mean:0.26×73º)D was reached at the last *** significant changes in terms of corneal astigmatism orientation were reported over post-surgery visits(P=0.129 and P=0.097 at 1 and 12mo respectively).No clinical significance was found for CAdj on with-the-rule *** postoperative complications resulting from the surgery were ***:Refractive outcomes suggest that the V4c T-ICL implantation for correction of myopic astigmatism was satisfactory in terms of effectiveness,safety,and stability during 1y of *** astigmatism induced by the incision around 0.5 D is achieved

关键词： V4c Toric collamer lens corneal astigmatism surgically induced astigmatism corneal coupling

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Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado Iciar Alberdi Isabel Canellas Fernando Montes jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada Rosana López Guillermo G.Gordaliza mar.a Valbuena-Carabana Nikos Nanos Ramón Perea Luis Gil departamento de dinamica y gestion forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain departamento de sistemas y Recursos Naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain school of Forestry and Natural Environment Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests,which occupy half of the forest *** the forms of restoration,passive restoration,which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management,is gaining *** dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions,composition and abundance of species,and the successional character of these ***,we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central spain,which maintained an open forest structure,due to intensive use,until grazing and cutting were banned in the *** most frequent woody species in this forest are Fagus sylvatica,Quercus petraea,Quercus pyrenaica,Ilex aquifolium,sorbus aucuparia,sorbus aria and Prunus avium,with contrasting shade and drought *** species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit,except for *** order to analyze forest dynamics and composition,three inventories were carried out in 1994,2005 and *** results show that,despite the Mediterranean influence,the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade *** the abandonment of grazing and cutting,*** expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance,whereas after canopy closure and forest densification,shade-tolerant species gained ground,particularly ***,despite its lower drought and late-frost *** the current dynamics continue,*** will overtake the rest of the species,which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep ***,all the multi-centennial beech trees,which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process,will disappear.

关键词： Forest succession secondary forest Woodland Mixed forest Competition Recruitment

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Effect of Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase in patients with celiac disease on a long-term gluten-free diet

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1545-1555页

作者： Juan Pablo stefanolo Verónica segura martina Grizzuti Abel Heredia Isabel Comino Ana Florencia Costa Roberto Puebla mar.a Paz Temprano sonia Isabel Niveloni Gabriel de Diego mar.a E Oregui Edgardo Gustavo smecuol Mauricio C de marzi Elena F Verdú Carolina sousa Julio César Bai small Bowel section Department of MedicineGastroenterology Hospital of Buenos Aires“Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo”Buenos Aires 1264Argentina department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of SevilleSeville 41080Spain department of Medicine Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo Gastroenterology HospitalBuenos Aires 1264Argentina Basic and Applied Research Group in Immunology and Bioactives(GIBAIB) Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development(INEDES)National University of LujanLuján 6700Buenos AiresArgentina department of Medicine Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research InstituteMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8OntarioCanada Facultad de Medicina Universidad del SalvadorBuenos Aires C1051ABBArgentina

BACKGROUND The gluten-free diet(GFD)has limitations,and there is intense research in the development of adjuvant *** To examine the effects of orally administered Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase protease(AN-PEP)on inadvertent gluten exposure and symptom prevention in adult celiac disease(CeD)patients following their usual *** This was an exploratory,double-blind,randomized,placebo-controlled trial that enrolled CeD patients on a long-term *** a 4-wk run-in period,patients were randomized to 4 wk of two AN-PEP capsules(GliadinX;AVI Research,LLC,United states)at each of three meals per day or *** endpoints were:(1)Average weekly stool gluten immunogenic peptides(GIP)between the run-in and end of treatments and between AN-PEP and placebo;(2)celiac symptom index(CsI);(3)CeD-specific serology;and(4)quality of *** samples were collected for GIP testing by ELIsA every Tuesday and Friday during run-ins and *** Forty patients were randomized for the intention-to-treat analysis,and three were excluded from the per-protocol ***,628/640(98.1%)stool samples were *** was undetectable(samples,and no differences between treatment arms were *** 0.5%of samples had GIP concentrations sufficiently high(>0.32μg/g)to potentially cause mucosal *** GIP concentration in the AN-PEP arm was 44.7%lower than in the run-in ***-third of patients exhibiting GIP>0.08μg/g during run-in had lower or undetectable GIP after AN-PEP *** with the run-in period,the proportion of symptomatic patients(CsI>38)in the AN-PEP arm was significantly lower(Psult in changes in specific *** This exploratory study conducted in a real-life setting revealed high adherence to the *** AN-PEP treatment did not significantly reduce the overall GIP stool ***,given the observation of a significantly lower prevale

关键词： Celiac disease Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease Gluten immunogenic peptides Trial symptoms Real-life trial

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